Separation of urea adducts in the analysis of complex mineral fertilisers
-
Marcin Sadłowski
,
Barbara U. Grzmil
Abstract
An investigation of the analytical separation of free urea from its additive compounds with H3PO4, HNO3, CaSO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2, based on the solubility in butan-1-ol (n-butanol, n-BuOH), is reported. Several methods were tested in order to obtain the best leaching efficiency and solvent utilisation. The urea content was determined using the spectrophotometric method. A simple qualitative determination of urea was also performed using a special type of urea indicator-paper developed during the study. The phase composition of the examined materials was studied using an X-ray powder diffraction method. The urea adducts with phosphoric and nitric acid were found to be soluble in n-BuOH, in a similar way as with free urea. However, the solubility of the urea adducts with CaSO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2 differs from the solubility of free urea, affording an effective separation of these compounds. The solubility of free urea under defined experimental conditions was estimated to be (1.432 ± 0.043) g of urea in 100 cm3 of n-BuOH. The trace solubilities of urea bound in the adducts CaSO4 · 4CO(NH2)2 and Ca(H2PO4)2 · 4CO(NH2)2 were (8.28 ± 0.61) mg and (29.83 ± 0.63) mg of urea in 100 cm3 of n-BuOH, respectively. Partial decomposition of Ca(H2PO4)2 to CaHPO4 was observed during the leaching process.
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Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
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Articles in the same Issue
- Synthesis and properties of new N,N′-phenyltetrazole podand
- Molecular diagnosis of Pompe disease using MALDI TOF/TOF and 1H NMR
- Erythritol biosynthesis from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica yeast: effect of osmotic pressure
- Cloning and expression of two genes coding endo-β-1,4-glucanases from Trichoderma asperellum PQ34 in Pichia pastoris
- Adsorption desulphurisation of dimethyl sulphide using nickel-based Y zeolites pretreated by hydrogen reduction
- Equilibrium and kinetics of wetting hydrophobic microporous membrane in sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate and diethanolamine aqueous solutions
- Separation of urea adducts in the analysis of complex mineral fertilisers
- Cheese whey tangential filtration using tubular mineral membranes
- Characterization of the quality of novel rye-buckwheat ginger cakes by chemical markers and antioxidant capacity
- A new high-temperature inorganic–organic proton conductor: lanthanum sulfophenyl phosphate
- Membranes with a plasma deposited titanium isopropoxide layer
- Effect of fuel content on formation of zinc aluminate nano and micro-particles synthesised by high rate sol–gel autoignition of glycine-nitrates
- Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles stabilised with poloxamer 188: particle size control and cytotoxic effects in cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells
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- Physicochemical and excess properties of binary mixtures of (1-alkyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride/bromide + ethylene glycol) at T = (288.15 to 333.15) K
