Startseite Medizin Vitamin D and vitamin K status in postmenopausal women with normal and low bone mineral density
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Vitamin D and vitamin K status in postmenopausal women with normal and low bone mineral density

  • Sieglinde Zelzer , Andreas Meinitzer , Dietmar Enko , Konstantinos Markis ORCID logo , Symeon Tournis , Ioulia Trifonidi , Efstathios Chronopoulos , Loukia Spanou , Nerea Alonso , Martin Keppel und Markus Herrmann EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 1. Januar 2024
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Aus der Zeitschrift Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Band 62 Heft 7

Abstract

Objectives

Vitamin D and K are believed to promote bone health, but existing evidence is controversial. This study aimed to measure several metabolites of both vitamins by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in a cohort of postmenopausal women with low and normal bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods

Vitamin metabolites (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D), phylloquinone (K1), menaquinone-4 (MK-4) and MK-7) were measured in 131 serum samples by LC-MS/MS. The vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) was calculated. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), type I procollagen-N-terminal-peptide (PINP) and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-I) were measured by immunoassay. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was performed to identify participants with normal (T-score>−1) and low (T-score<−1) BMD.

Results

Mean age was 58.2±8.5 years. BMD was normal in 68 and low in 63 women. Median (interquartile range) for 25(OH)D and total vitamin K concentrations were 53.5 (39.6–65.9) nmol/L and 1.33 (0.99–2.39) nmol/L. All vitamin metabolites were comparable in individuals with normal and low BMD. Furthermore, BMD and trabecular bone score were comparable in participants with adequate and inadequate vitamin status (at least one criterion was met: 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L, 24,25(OH)2D <3 nmol/L, VMR <4 %, total vitamin K <0.91 nmol/L). PTH, but not PINP or CTX-I, was inversely correlated with 25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)2D and VMR. Synergistic effects between vitamin D and K were not observed.

Conclusions

Vitamin D and K status is not related to BMD and trabecular bone quality in postmenopausal women. Inverse associations were only seen between vitamin D metabolites and PTH.

Keywords: vitamin D; vitamin K; bone mineral density; bone turnover markers; postmenopausal women
Corresponding author: Markus Herrmann, MD, FRCPA, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria, Phone: 0043 316 385 13145, Fax: 0043 316 385 13430, E-mail:

  1. Research ethics: The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee.

  2. Informed consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

  3. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  5. Research funding: None declared.

  6. Data availability: Not applicable.

  7. Trial registration: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03999775).

References

1. Kanis, JA, Norton, N, Harvey, NC, Jacobson, T, Johansson, H, Lorentzon, M, et al.. SCOPE 2021: a new scorecard for osteoporosis in Europe. Arch Osteoporos 2021;16:82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00871-9.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

2. Johnell, O, Kanis, JA. An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 2006;17:1726–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0172-4.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

3. Hernlund, E, Svedbom, A, Ivergård, M, Compston, J, Cooper, C, Stenmark, J, et al.. Osteoporosis in the European Union: medical management, epidemiology and economic burden. A report prepared in collaboration with the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industry Associations (EFPIA). Arch Osteoporos 2013;8:136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0136-1.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

4. Wright, NC, Looker, AC, Saag, KG, Curtis, JR, Delzell, ES, Randall, S, et al.. The recent prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass in the United States based on bone mineral density at the femoral neck or lumbar spine. J Bone Miner Res 2014;29:2520–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2269.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

5. Xiao, PL, Cui, AY, Hsu, CJ, Peng, R, Jiang, N, Xu, XH, et al.. Global, regional prevalence, and risk factors of osteoporosis according to the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2022;33:2137–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-022-06454-3.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

6. Sarafrazi, N, Wambogo, EA, Shepherd, JA. Osteoporosis or low bone mass in older adults: United States, 2017–2018. NCHS Data Brief 2021:1–8 pp.10.15620/cdc:103477Suche in Google Scholar

7. Kanis, JA, Melton, LJ3rd, Christiansen, C, Johnston, CC, Khaltaev, N. The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 1994;9:1137–41. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.5650090802.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

8. Varacallo, M, Seaman, TJ, Jandu, JS, Jandu, J, Pizzutillo, P. Osteopenia. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499878/.Suche in Google Scholar

9. Porter, JL, Varacallo, M. Osteoporosis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441901/.Suche in Google Scholar

10. Melton, LJ3rd, Atkinson, EJ, O’Connor, MK, O’Fallon, WM, Riggs, BL. Bone density and fracture risk in men. J Bone Miner Res 1998;13:1915–23. https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.12.1915.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

11. Li, HL, Shen, Y, Tan, LH, Fu, SB, Dai, RC, Yuan, LQ, et al.. Relationship between bone mineral density and fragility fracture risk: a case-control study in Changsha, China. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021;22:728, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04616-8.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

12. Martiniakova, M, Babikova, M, Mondockova, V, Blahova, J, Kovacova, V, Omelka, R. The role of macronutrients, micronutrients and flavonoid polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Nutrients 2022;14:523. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030523.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

13. Nieves, JW. Osteoporosis: the role of micronutrients. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:1232S–39S. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/81.5.1232.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Alonso, N, Zelzer, S, Eibinger, G, Herrmann, M. Vitamin D metabolites: analytical challenges and clinical relevance. Calcif Tissue Int 2023;112:158–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-022-00961-5.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

15. Alonso, N, Meinitzer, A, Fritz-Petrin, E, Enko, D, Herrmann, M. Role of vitamin K in bone and muscle metabolism. Calcif Tissue Int 2023;112:178–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-022-00955-3.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

16. Reid, IR, Bolland, MJ, Grey, A. Effects of vitamin D supplements on bone mineral density: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2014;383:146–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61647-5.Suche in Google Scholar

17. Ohta, H, Uemura, Y, Nakamura, T, Fukunaga, M, Ohashi, Y, Hosoi, T, et al.. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level as an independent determinant of quality of life in osteoporosis with a high risk for fracture. Adequate Treatment of Osteoporosis (A-TOP) Research Group. Clin Ther 2014;36:225–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.12.007.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

18. Berg, AH, Powe, CE, Evans, MK, Wenger, J, Ortiz, G, Zonderman, AB, et al.. 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin d3 and vitamin D status of community-dwelling black and white Americans. Clin Chem 2015;61:877–84. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.240051.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

19. Zelzer, S, Meinitzer, A, Enko, D, Simstich, S, Le Goff, C, Cavalier, E, et al.. Simultaneous determination of 24,25- and 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in serum samples with liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry – a useful tool for the assessment of vitamin D metabolism. J Chromatog Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020;1158:122394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122394.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

20. Cavalier, E, Huyghebaert, L, Rousselle, O, Bekaert, AC, Kovacs, S, Vranken, L, et al.. Simultaneous measurement of 25(OH)-vitamin D and 24,25(OH)2-vitamin D to define cut-offs for CYP24A1 mutation and vitamin D deficiency in a population of 1200 young subjects. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020;58:197–201. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-0996.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Herrmann, M, Zelzer, S, Cavalier, E, Kleber, M, Drexler-Helmberg, C, Schlenke, P, et al.. Functional assessment of vitamin D status by a novel metabolic approach: the low vitamin D profile concept. Clin Chem 2023;69:1307–16. hvad151.10.1093/clinchem/hvad151Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

22. Ginsberg, C, Hoofnagle, AN, Katz, R, Hughes-Austin, J, Miller, LM, Becker, JO, et al.. The vitamin D metabolite ratio is associated with changes in bone density and fracture risk in older adults. J Bone Miner Res 2021;36:2343–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4426.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

23. Kim, HK, Chung, HJ, Lê, HG, Na, BK, Cho, MC. Serum 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D level in general Korean population and its relationship with other vitamin D biomarkers. PLoS One 2021;16:e0246541. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246541.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

24. Mishima, E, Ito, J, Wu, Z, Nakamura, T, Wahida, A, Doll, S, et al.. A non-canonical vitamin K cycle is a potent ferroptosis suppressor. Nature 2022;608:778–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05022-3.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

25. Meinitzer, A, Enko, D, Zelzer, S, Prüller, F, Alonso, N, Fritz-Petrin, E, et al.. Development of a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the determination of vitamin K1, menaquinone-4, menaquinone-7 and vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide in serum of individuals without vitamin K supplements. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022;60:1011–9. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2022-0192.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Moore, AE, Kim, E, Dulnoan, D, Dolan, AL, Voong, K, Ahmad, I, et al.. Serum vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is associated with fracture risk and hip strength in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study. Bone 2020;141:115630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2020.115630.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Cavalier, E, Eastell, R, Jørgensen, NR, Makris, K, Tournis, S, Vasikaran, S, et al.. IFCC-IOF Joint Committee for Bone Metabolism (C-BM). A multicenter study to evaluate harmonization of assays for N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP): a report from the IFCC-IOF Joint Committee for Bone Metabolism. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019;57:1546–55. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-0174.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Bevilacqua, G, Laskou, F, Clynes, MA, Jameson, KA, Boucher, BJ, Noonan, K, et al.. Determinants of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and its association with musculoskeletal health in midlife: Findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Metabol Open 2021;12:100143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2021.100143.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

29. Sayed-Hassan, R, Abazid, N, Alourfi, Z. Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, serum calcium, and parathyroid hormone in apparently healthy Syrian people. Arch Osteoporos 2014;9:176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-014-0176-1.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Wie, QS, Chen, ZQ, Tan, X, Su, HR, Chen, XX, He, W, et al.. Relation of age, sex and bone mineral density to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Chinese women and men. Orthop Surg 2015;7:343–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/os.12206.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

31. Khashayar, P, Meybodi, HR, Hemani, MR, Keshtkar, A, Dimai, HP, Larijani, B. Vitamin D status its relationship with bone mineral density in a healthy Iranian population. Rev Bras Ortop 2016;51:454–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rboe.2015.09.011.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

32. Mendes, MM, Hart, KH, Lanham-New, SA, Botelhof, PB. Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D and calcium intake, and bone density in healthy adult women: a cross-sectional analysis from the D-SOL study. Nutrients 2019;11:1267. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061267.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

33. Priemel, M, von Domarus, C, Klatte To, Kessler, S, Schlie, J, Meier, S, et al.. Bone mineralization defects and vitamin D deficiency: histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 675 patients. J Bone Miner Res 2010;25:305–12. https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.090728.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

34. Bischoff-Ferrari, HA, Dietrich, T, Orav, EJ, Dawson-Hughes, B. Positive association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and bone mineral density: a population-based study of younger and older adults. Am J Med 2004;116:634–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.12.029.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

35. Segheto, KJ, Pereira, M, Silva, DCG da, Carvalho, CJ de, Massardi, FR, Kakehasi, AM, et al.. Vitamin D and bone health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cien Saude Colet 2021;26:3221–44. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232021268.15012020.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

36. Trajanoska, K, Morris, JA, Oei, L, Zheng, HF, Evans, DM, Kiel, DP, et al.. GEFOS/GENOMOS consortium and the 23andMe research team. Assessment of the genetic and clinical determinants of fracture risk: genome wide association and Mendelian randomisation study. BMJ 2018;362:k3225.10.1136/bmj.k3225Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

37. Herrmann, M. Towards a personalized assessment of vitamin D status. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020;58:149–51. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-1213.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

38. Wang, N, Chen, Y, Ji, J, Chang, J, Yu, S, Yu, B. The relationship between serum vitamin D and fracture risk in the elderly: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2020;15:81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01603-y.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

39. Habibi Ghahfarrokhi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Sherwin, CMT, Heidari-Soureshjani, S. Relationship between serum vitamin D and hip fracture in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Miner Metab 2022;40:541–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-022-01333-7.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

40. Ginsberg, C, Katz, R, de Boer, IH, Kestenbaum, BR, Chonchol, M, Shlipak MGet, et al.. The 24,25 to 25-hydroxyvitamin D ratio and fracture risk in older adults: the cardiovascular health study. Bone 2018;107:124–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2017.11.011.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

41. Palermo, A, Tuccinardi, D, D’Onofrio, L, Watanabe, M, Maggi, D, Maurizi, AR, et al.. Vitamin K and osteoporosis: myth or reality? Metabolism 2017;70:57–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.01.032.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

42. Elshaikh, AO, Shah, L, Mathew, CJ, Lee, R, Jose, MT, Cancarevic, I. Influence of vitamin K on bone mineral density and osteoporosis. Cureus 2020;12:e10816. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10816.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

43. Booth, SL, Broe, KE, Peterson, JW, Cheng, D, Dawson-Hughes, B, Gundberg, CM, et al.. Associations between vitamin K biochemical measures and bone mineral density in men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:4904–9. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2003-031673.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

44. Li, C, Liang, C, Kong, Z, Su, Y, Ren, W, Dong, H, et al.. Determination of vitamin K1, MK-4, MK-7 and D levels in human serum of postmenopausal osteoporosis women based on high stability LC-MS/MS: MK-7 may be a new marker of bone metabolism. Ann Nutr Metab 2023;79:334–42. https://doi.org/10.1159/000531065.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

45. Torbergsen, AC, Watne, LO, Wyller, TB, Frihagen, F, Strømsøe, K, Bøhmer, T, et al.. Vitamin K1 and 25(OH)D are independently and synergistically associated with a risk for hip fracture in an elderly population: a case control study. Clin Nutr 2015;34:101–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2014.01.016.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

46. Cockrayne, R, Adamson, J, Lanham-New, SA, Shearer, MJ, Gilbody, S, Torgerson, DJ. Vitamin K and the prevention of fractures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1256–61. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.12.1256.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

47. Hao, G, Zhang, B, Gu, M, Chen, C, Zhang, Q, Zhang, G, et al.. Vitamin K intake and the risk of fractures. A meta-analysis. Medicine 2017;96:e6725. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000006725.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

48. Apalset, EM, Gjesdal, CG, Eide, G, Tell, GS. Intake of vitamin K1 and K2 and risk of hip fractures: the Hordaland Health Study. Bone 2011;49:990–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2011.07.035.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-1443).

Received: 2023-10-27
Accepted: 2023-12-18
Published Online: 2024-01-01
Published in Print: 2024-06-25

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. LC-MS/MS random access automation – a game changer for the 24/7 clinical laboratory
  4. Reviews
  5. Neurofilament light protein as a biomarker for spinal muscular atrophy: a review and reference ranges
  6. Differential diagnosis of ascites: etiologies, ascitic fluid analysis, diagnostic algorithm
  7. Opinion Papers
  8. Clinical Decision Support System in laboratory medicine
  9. Blood over-testing: impact, ethical issues and mitigating actions
  10. General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
  11. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of zonisamide in human serum and plasma
  12. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine in human serum and plasma
  13. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of phenobarbital in human serum and plasma
  14. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of primidone in human serum and plasma
  15. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma
  16. Should we depend on reference intervals from manufacturer package inserts? Comparing TSH and FT4 reference intervals from four manufacturers with results from modern indirect methods and the direct method
  17. Comparison of three chatbots as an assistant for problem-solving in clinical laboratory
  18. Evidence-based cutoffs for total and adjusted calcium: a major factor in detecting severe hypo- and hypercalcemia
  19. Minor head injury in anticoagulated patients: performance of biomarkers S100B, NSE, GFAP, UCH-L1 and Alinity TBI in the detection of intracranial injury. A prospective observational study
  20. A comparative evaluation of the analytical performances of premier resolution-high-performance liquid chromatography (PR-HPLC) with capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) assays for the detection of hemoglobin variants and the quantitation of HbA0, A2, E, and F
  21. Get reliable laboratory findings – how to recognize the deceptive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in the laboratory diagnostics of sarcoidosis?
  22. Reference Values and Biological Variations
  23. Vitamin D and vitamin K status in postmenopausal women with normal and low bone mineral density
  24. Hematology and Coagulation
  25. An automatic analysis and quality assurance method for lymphocyte subset identification
  26. Cancer Diagnostics
  27. Machine learning-based delta check method for detecting misidentification errors in tumor marker tests
  28. Cardiovascular Diseases
  29. Analytical evaluation of the novel Mindray high sensitivity cardiac troponin I immunoassay on CL-1200i
  30. Infectious Diseases
  31. A reactive monocyte subset characterized by low expression of CD91 is expanded during sterile and septic inflammation
  32. Letters to the Editor
  33. Inadvertent omission of a specimen integrity comment – an overlooked post-analytical error
  34. Falsely elevated T3 due to interference of anti-T3 autoantibodies: a case report
  35. Validation of the Siemens Atellica cortisol immunoassay compared to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in adrenal venous sampling for primary hyperaldosteronism
  36. Lessons learned from site-specific sampling and biological half-life of IGFII and IIE(68-88) peptide: a case study
  37. The added value of automated HPC count: detecting clinically important interferences on the flow cytometric CD34+ cell count
  38. Clinical pilot study on microfluidic automation of IGH-VJ library preparation for next generation sequencing
  39. Long-term effects of interventions applied to optimize the use of 25-OH vitamin D tests in primary health care
https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-1443
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
vitamin D; vitamin K; bone mineral density; bone turnover markers; postmenopausal women

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. LC-MS/MS random access automation – a game changer for the 24/7 clinical laboratory
  4. Reviews
  5. Neurofilament light protein as a biomarker for spinal muscular atrophy: a review and reference ranges
  6. Differential diagnosis of ascites: etiologies, ascitic fluid analysis, diagnostic algorithm
  7. Opinion Papers
  8. Clinical Decision Support System in laboratory medicine
  9. Blood over-testing: impact, ethical issues and mitigating actions
  10. General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
  11. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of zonisamide in human serum and plasma
  12. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine in human serum and plasma
  13. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of phenobarbital in human serum and plasma
  14. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the quantification of primidone in human serum and plasma
  15. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma
  16. Should we depend on reference intervals from manufacturer package inserts? Comparing TSH and FT4 reference intervals from four manufacturers with results from modern indirect methods and the direct method
  17. Comparison of three chatbots as an assistant for problem-solving in clinical laboratory
  18. Evidence-based cutoffs for total and adjusted calcium: a major factor in detecting severe hypo- and hypercalcemia
  19. Minor head injury in anticoagulated patients: performance of biomarkers S100B, NSE, GFAP, UCH-L1 and Alinity TBI in the detection of intracranial injury. A prospective observational study
  20. A comparative evaluation of the analytical performances of premier resolution-high-performance liquid chromatography (PR-HPLC) with capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) assays for the detection of hemoglobin variants and the quantitation of HbA0, A2, E, and F
  21. Get reliable laboratory findings – how to recognize the deceptive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in the laboratory diagnostics of sarcoidosis?
  22. Reference Values and Biological Variations
  23. Vitamin D and vitamin K status in postmenopausal women with normal and low bone mineral density
  24. Hematology and Coagulation
  25. An automatic analysis and quality assurance method for lymphocyte subset identification
  26. Cancer Diagnostics
  27. Machine learning-based delta check method for detecting misidentification errors in tumor marker tests
  28. Cardiovascular Diseases
  29. Analytical evaluation of the novel Mindray high sensitivity cardiac troponin I immunoassay on CL-1200i
  30. Infectious Diseases
  31. A reactive monocyte subset characterized by low expression of CD91 is expanded during sterile and septic inflammation
  32. Letters to the Editor
  33. Inadvertent omission of a specimen integrity comment – an overlooked post-analytical error
  34. Falsely elevated T3 due to interference of anti-T3 autoantibodies: a case report
  35. Validation of the Siemens Atellica cortisol immunoassay compared to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in adrenal venous sampling for primary hyperaldosteronism
  36. Lessons learned from site-specific sampling and biological half-life of IGFII and IIE(68-88) peptide: a case study
  37. The added value of automated HPC count: detecting clinically important interferences on the flow cytometric CD34+ cell count
  38. Clinical pilot study on microfluidic automation of IGH-VJ library preparation for next generation sequencing
  39. Long-term effects of interventions applied to optimize the use of 25-OH vitamin D tests in primary health care
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2026 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 15.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/cclm-2023-1443/html?lang=de
Button zum nach oben scrollen