The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is decreased in pregnancy: a prospective longitudinal study

Susanne van Santen; Joyce J.C. Kroot; Gerard Zijderveld; Erwin T. Wiegerinck; Marc E.A. Spaanderman; Dorine W. Swinkels

doi:10.1515/cclm-2012-0576

Article

The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is decreased in pregnancy: a prospective longitudinal study

Susanne van Santen , Joyce J.C. Kroot , Gerard Zijderveld , Erwin T. Wiegerinck , Marc E.A. Spaanderman and Dorine W. Swinkels

Published/Copyright: December 14, 2012

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From the journal Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Volume 51 Issue 7

Abstract

Background: Iron deficiency is a commonly encountered problem in pregnancy and a frequently observed cause of pregnancy-associated anemia. We longitudinally assessed the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin during gestation and postpartum and related hepcidin to conventional indicators of iron status and inflammation.

Methods: Thirty-one healthy pregnant women were included and 81 blood samples from the three trimesters, directly and 6 weeks postpartum were analyzed for hemoglobin, the iron parameters: iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor and hepcidin, and CRP and leucocytes as markers of inflammation.

Results: Hepcidin concentration decreased gradually from the first to the second and third trimester to undetectable levels (≤0.5 nmol/L) which was paralleled by decreasing hemoglobin levels and changes in iron parameters indicative for iron deficiency. During gestation hepcidin levels correlated with iron parameters, but not with inflammatory markers. Postpartum, hepcidin increased immediately to levels similar as assessed at early pregnancy.

Conclusions: We conclude that hepcidin levels were suppressed during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, which was likely determined by the occurrence of iron deficiency. These data give insight in iron homeostasis during normal pregnancy.

Keywords: hepcidin; iron homeostasis; physiology; pregnancy

Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. Dorine W. Swinkels, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Genetic Endocrine and Metabolic diseases (830 LGEM), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Phone: +31 24 3618957, Fax: +31 24 3541743

The authors would like to thank Siem Klaver for his assistance with sample collection and storage.

Conflict of interest statement

Authors’ conflict of interest disclosure: The authors stated that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Research funding: None declared.

Employment or leadership: None declared.

Honorarium: None declared.

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Received: 2012-9-4

Accepted: 2012-11-4

Published Online: 2012-12-14

Published in Print: 2013-07-01

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Keywords for this article

hepcidin; iron homeostasis; physiology; pregnancy

The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is decreased in pregnancy: a prospective longitudinal study

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