DNA methylation biomarkers in biological fluids for early detection of respiratory tract cancer
-
Soultana Markopoulou
Soultana Markopoulou received her BSc (Hons) in Genetics from the University of Liverpool, her MSc in Biotechnology from Liverpool John-Moores University and her PhD in Molecular Physiology from the University of Ioannina Medical School. Her postdoctoral training included a fellowship at the Biomarkers Group at the Liverpool CR-UK Centre where she focused on developing quantitative real-time PCR-based methods to measure abnormal DNA methylation in sputum specimens. Her main research interests are in molecular oncology and its translational potential.
Georgios Nikolaidis studied Biochemistry (BSc Hons) at Coventry University and received his MSc in Industrial Biotechnology from Liverpool John Moores University. He worked as research technician in the Liverpool Lung Project as a member of the Biomarkers Group. He has subsequently undertaken his PhD at the University of Liverpool in the area of epigenetics. His research focuses on DNA methylation biomarker development for early lung cancer detection.
Triantafillos Liloglou received his BSc (Hons) in Biology from the Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki and his PhD in molecular oncology from the University of Crete Medical School. After his post-doctoral training at the University of Liverpool he became a group leader at the time he joined the Liverpool Lung Project in 1998. His research interests are in genetic and epigenetic instability in cancers of the respiratory tract. His research is largely focused on biomarker discovery and validation in order to assist clinical management of respiratory cancer; in particular early detection and therapeutic stratification. Dr. Liloglou is currently a lecturer at the University of Liverpool, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine and a Biomarkers Group leader at the Liverpool CR-UK Centre.
Abstract
Cancers of the respiratory tract (lung and head and neck) share common aetiologies, risk factors and molecular characteristics. Epigenetic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer and DNA methylation is currently the best-studied form. There are a number of characteristics of DNA methylation, which seem advantageous in biomarker development. Early detection is still an unmet clinical care need, which guarantees to significantly reduce the mortality of patients with respiratory cancers. The application of such biomarkers in biological fluids being sampled in everyday clinical practice is a long-term demand. In this review we summarise the current literature on DNA methylation detection in bronchial washings, sputum, saliva, plasma and serum and discuss the potential of their clinical implementation. We also discuss important aspects of biomarker development and validation pointing to the appropriate route for a biomarker to reach clinical standards.
About the authors
Soultana Markopoulou received her BSc (Hons) in Genetics from the University of Liverpool, her MSc in Biotechnology from Liverpool John-Moores University and her PhD in Molecular Physiology from the University of Ioannina Medical School. Her postdoctoral training included a fellowship at the Biomarkers Group at the Liverpool CR-UK Centre where she focused on developing quantitative real-time PCR-based methods to measure abnormal DNA methylation in sputum specimens. Her main research interests are in molecular oncology and its translational potential.
Georgios Nikolaidis studied Biochemistry (BSc Hons) at Coventry University and received his MSc in Industrial Biotechnology from Liverpool John Moores University. He worked as research technician in the Liverpool Lung Project as a member of the Biomarkers Group. He has subsequently undertaken his PhD at the University of Liverpool in the area of epigenetics. His research focuses on DNA methylation biomarker development for early lung cancer detection.
Triantafillos Liloglou received his BSc (Hons) in Biology from the Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki and his PhD in molecular oncology from the University of Crete Medical School. After his post-doctoral training at the University of Liverpool he became a group leader at the time he joined the Liverpool Lung Project in 1998. His research interests are in genetic and epigenetic instability in cancers of the respiratory tract. His research is largely focused on biomarker discovery and validation in order to assist clinical management of respiratory cancer; in particular early detection and therapeutic stratification. Dr. Liloglou is currently a lecturer at the University of Liverpool, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine and a Biomarkers Group leader at the Liverpool CR-UK Centre.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Cancer epigenomics: moving slowly, but at a steady pace from laboratory bench to clinical practice
- Laboratory networking and sample quality: a still relevant issue for patient safety
- Reviews
- DNA methylation biomarkers and their utility for solid cancer diagnostics
- DNA methylation biomarkers in biological fluids for early detection of respiratory tract cancer
- Global DNA hypomethylation in cancer: review of validated methods and clinical significance
- Genetics and Molecular Diagnostics
- δ0-Thalassemia in cis of βKnossos globin gene: first homozygous description in thalassemia intermedia Libyans and first combination with codon 39 (C→T) in thalassemia intermedia Tunisian patients
- Genetic-based reference values for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) according to I/D polymorphism in a Spanish population sample
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- Effects of sample transportation on commonly requested laboratory tests
- Long-term (in)stability of folate and vitamin B12 in human serum
- Information comparison of the effects of drugs on laboratory tests in drug labels and Young’s book
- First evaluation of Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing® (Sebia) as a new analyzer for HbA1c assay by capillary electrophoresis
- Antioxidant and oligonutrient status, distribution of amino acids, muscle damage, inflammation, and evaluation of renal function in elite rugby players
- Validation of the body fluid module on the new Sysmex XN-1000 for counting blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid and other body fluids
- Measuring Rivaroxaban in a clinical laboratory setting, using common coagulation assays, Xa inhibition and thrombin generation
- Cancer Diagnostics
- Increased concentrations of growth factors and activation of the EGFR system in breast cancer
- Infectious Diseases
- Incidence and significance of elevated lactate in the identification of critically ill patients
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is elevated in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis without clinically overt atherosclerosis
- Diabetes
- Serum cystatin C as a marker for early detection of chronic kidney disease and grade 2 nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
- Letters to the Editor
- Establishing professional phlebotomist group for quality control of the preanalytic variables of clinical laboratory
- Application of quality specification based on biological variation in planning quality control strategy
- Analytical and clinical evaluation of a new immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and adalimumab
- Comparison of relationships between FT4 and log TSH in Access DXI 800 Unicel, Modular E170 and ADVIA Centaur XP Analyzer
- Assay-specific pitfalls of catecholamine HPLC assays
- Evaluation of automated nucleated red blood cells counting on Sysmex XE5000 and Siemens ADVIA 2120
- Evaluation of the immature myeloid information (IMI) by Sysmex XE 2100® hematology analyzer in the identification of blasts of myeloid lineage
- Congress Abstracts
- Congress of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry / 4th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society for Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry (ÖGLMKC)
- Abstracts of the 2012 Convocation of Experts on Laboratory Quality / Embracing the Need of Continued Vigilance to Assure Quality Outcomes in the Modern Laboratory
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Cancer epigenomics: moving slowly, but at a steady pace from laboratory bench to clinical practice
- Laboratory networking and sample quality: a still relevant issue for patient safety
- Reviews
- DNA methylation biomarkers and their utility for solid cancer diagnostics
- DNA methylation biomarkers in biological fluids for early detection of respiratory tract cancer
- Global DNA hypomethylation in cancer: review of validated methods and clinical significance
- Genetics and Molecular Diagnostics
- δ0-Thalassemia in cis of βKnossos globin gene: first homozygous description in thalassemia intermedia Libyans and first combination with codon 39 (C→T) in thalassemia intermedia Tunisian patients
- Genetic-based reference values for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) according to I/D polymorphism in a Spanish population sample
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- Effects of sample transportation on commonly requested laboratory tests
- Long-term (in)stability of folate and vitamin B12 in human serum
- Information comparison of the effects of drugs on laboratory tests in drug labels and Young’s book
- First evaluation of Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing® (Sebia) as a new analyzer for HbA1c assay by capillary electrophoresis
- Antioxidant and oligonutrient status, distribution of amino acids, muscle damage, inflammation, and evaluation of renal function in elite rugby players
- Validation of the body fluid module on the new Sysmex XN-1000 for counting blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid and other body fluids
- Measuring Rivaroxaban in a clinical laboratory setting, using common coagulation assays, Xa inhibition and thrombin generation
- Cancer Diagnostics
- Increased concentrations of growth factors and activation of the EGFR system in breast cancer
- Infectious Diseases
- Incidence and significance of elevated lactate in the identification of critically ill patients
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is elevated in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis without clinically overt atherosclerosis
- Diabetes
- Serum cystatin C as a marker for early detection of chronic kidney disease and grade 2 nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes
- Letters to the Editor
- Establishing professional phlebotomist group for quality control of the preanalytic variables of clinical laboratory
- Application of quality specification based on biological variation in planning quality control strategy
- Analytical and clinical evaluation of a new immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and adalimumab
- Comparison of relationships between FT4 and log TSH in Access DXI 800 Unicel, Modular E170 and ADVIA Centaur XP Analyzer
- Assay-specific pitfalls of catecholamine HPLC assays
- Evaluation of automated nucleated red blood cells counting on Sysmex XE5000 and Siemens ADVIA 2120
- Evaluation of the immature myeloid information (IMI) by Sysmex XE 2100® hematology analyzer in the identification of blasts of myeloid lineage
- Congress Abstracts
- Congress of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry / 4th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society for Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Chemistry (ÖGLMKC)
- Abstracts of the 2012 Convocation of Experts on Laboratory Quality / Embracing the Need of Continued Vigilance to Assure Quality Outcomes in the Modern Laboratory
