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Kelp nursery optimisation: density-dependent effects in early life-cycle stages of Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales)

  • Jakop Schwoerbel

    Jakop Schwoerbel is a PhD candidate at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) at the University of Tasmania. He completed an undergraduate degree in Marine Biology and Coastal Ecology at the University of Plymouth, and a Master’s degree at the University of Bremen. He now works on optimising the nursery cultivation of Australian kelps.

     ORCID logo EMAIL logo     , Wouter Visch

    Wouter Visch currently is a post-doctoral researcher at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) at the University of Tasmania. He completed his PhD degree of marine biology at the University of Gothenburg in 2019, and currently works on the sustainable cultivation of seaweeds, primarily kelp species.

     ORCID logo     , Jeffrey T. Wright

    Jeffrey T. Wright is a seaweed biologist at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania. His research focuses on the demography, ecology and cultivation of seaweed for sustainable production.

     ORCID logo     , Alecia Bellgrove ORCID logo , J. Craig Sanderson

    J. Craig Sanderson has had a long term involvement in research projects related to seaweed biology and ecology based primarily in Tasmania but includes studies on mainland Australia and a PhD while based at Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratories in Scotland. His most recent project investigated the potential for growing seaweeds in association with salmon farms. He is an associate researcher at the University of Tasmania.

     ORCID logo     , Catriona MacLeod ORCID logo und Catriona L. Hurd

    Catriona L. Hurd is a seaweed ecophysiologist whose research focuses on the environmental regulation of seaweed growth and primary production, including by carbon and nitrogen supply, light, water motion and temperature. She currently focusses on ocean acidification, warming and marine heat waves, and applies her knowledge to the development of aquaculture in Tasmania, Australia. She has supervised to completion >60 postgraduate students, the majority of whom have pursued careers as research scientists and co-authored >150 peer-reviewed papers.

     ORCID logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 24. Oktober 2022
Botanica Marina
Aus der Zeitschrift Botanica Marina Band 65 Heft 6

Abstract

Kelp aquaculture is an emerging industry outside of Asia. To be successful, this industry requires a reliable production of seedstock, the optimisation of which greatly benefits from a detailed physiological understanding of the microscopic life-cycle stages of the cultured species. This study investigated the impact of six zoospore densities (10–278 mm−2) on the subsequent development of Ecklonia radiata gametophytes and sporophytes. The results showed that germination rates and sex ratio were unaffected by initial zoospore density, but there were significant effects on gametophyte size and sporophyte production. After two weeks, female gametophytes were largest at an initial zoospore density of 40 mm−2 while male gametophytes grew largest at densities below 40 mm−2, but after four weeks gametophyte size showed a negative relationship with initial zoospore density. Significantly more sporophytes developed at initial zoospore densities below 40 individuals mm−2 and no sporophytes were observed at the highest density (271 zoospores mm−2). These results clearly show the importance of initial zoospore density in optimising the nursery stage of kelp aquaculture.

Keywords: aquaculture; gametophyte; hatchery; seaweed; sporophyte
Corresponding author: Jakop Schwoerbel, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, 20 Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, 7004, TAS, Australia, E-mail:

Funding source: Cooperative Research Centres, Australian Government Department of Industry

Award Identifier / Grant number: CRCPSIX000144

About the authors

Jakop Schwoerbel

Jakop Schwoerbel is a PhD candidate at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) at the University of Tasmania. He completed an undergraduate degree in Marine Biology and Coastal Ecology at the University of Plymouth, and a Master’s degree at the University of Bremen. He now works on optimising the nursery cultivation of Australian kelps.

Wouter Visch

Wouter Visch currently is a post-doctoral researcher at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) at the University of Tasmania. He completed his PhD degree of marine biology at the University of Gothenburg in 2019, and currently works on the sustainable cultivation of seaweeds, primarily kelp species.

Jeffrey T. Wright

Jeffrey T. Wright is a seaweed biologist at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania. His research focuses on the demography, ecology and cultivation of seaweed for sustainable production.

J. Craig Sanderson

J. Craig Sanderson has had a long term involvement in research projects related to seaweed biology and ecology based primarily in Tasmania but includes studies on mainland Australia and a PhD while based at Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratories in Scotland. His most recent project investigated the potential for growing seaweeds in association with salmon farms. He is an associate researcher at the University of Tasmania.

Catriona L. Hurd

Catriona L. Hurd is a seaweed ecophysiologist whose research focuses on the environmental regulation of seaweed growth and primary production, including by carbon and nitrogen supply, light, water motion and temperature. She currently focusses on ocean acidification, warming and marine heat waves, and applies her knowledge to the development of aquaculture in Tasmania, Australia. She has supervised to completion >60 postgraduate students, the majority of whom have pursued careers as research scientists and co-authored >150 peer-reviewed papers.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Masayuki Tatsumi for collecting the reproductive Ecklonia. We would also like to thank the project partners at Tassal and Spring Bay Seafoods for their support. We thank Pam Quayle and Axel Durant for help with the laboratory facilities. The work was conducted at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

  1. Author contributions: The study was designed by Jakop Schwoerbel, Wouter Visch, Jeffrey Wright and Catriona Hurd. The experimental work and data analysis were done by Jakop Schwoerbel. Alecia Bellgrove and J. Craig Sanderson provided feedback on the experimental design and initial results. Jakop Schwoerbel wrote the initial draft of the manuscript and all authors provided feedback on previous versions of the manuscript. Catriona MacLeod secured funding for the project. All authors approved the final manuscript.

  2. Research funding: This study was funded by the CRC-P Sustainable seaweed aquaculture (CRCPSIX000144).

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to declare.

  4. Compliance with ethical standards: All work was done in compliance with Australian laws.

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Received: 2022-07-24
Accepted: 2022-09-27
Published Online: 2022-10-24
Published in Print: 2022-12-16

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Physiology and Ecology
  4. Brazil-Malvinas Confluence in the South-West Atlantic Ocean: phytoplankton species, life forms and trophic mode
  5. Spatial and temporal variations of macroalgal vegetation in the north-western Red Sea
  6. Taxonomy/Phylogeny and Biogeography
  7. Phylogeographic patterns in attached and free-living marine macroalga Fucus vesiculosus (Fucaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the Baltic Sea
  8. Molecular and morphological characterization of Digenea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Mexican Atlantic
  9. Chemistry and Applications
  10. Kelp nursery optimisation: density-dependent effects in early life-cycle stages of Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales)
  11. Corrigendum
  12. Corrigendum to: Morphological and molecular studies on the genus Gayralia (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) in northeastern Brazil with expansion of its species distribution
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0045
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
aquaculture; gametophyte; hatchery; seaweed; sporophyte

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Physiology and Ecology
  4. Brazil-Malvinas Confluence in the South-West Atlantic Ocean: phytoplankton species, life forms and trophic mode
  5. Spatial and temporal variations of macroalgal vegetation in the north-western Red Sea
  6. Taxonomy/Phylogeny and Biogeography
  7. Phylogeographic patterns in attached and free-living marine macroalga Fucus vesiculosus (Fucaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the Baltic Sea
  8. Molecular and morphological characterization of Digenea (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in the Mexican Atlantic
  9. Chemistry and Applications
  10. Kelp nursery optimisation: density-dependent effects in early life-cycle stages of Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales)
  11. Corrigendum
  12. Corrigendum to: Morphological and molecular studies on the genus Gayralia (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) in northeastern Brazil with expansion of its species distribution
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Heruntergeladen am 9.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/bot-2022-0045/pdf
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