New records and observations of macroalgae and associated pathogens from the Falkland Islands, Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego
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Alexandra Mystikou
Alexandra Mystikou earned her PhD from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland in September 2015. Her PhD research focused on the taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and biogeography of macroalgae. She is currently an honorary research fellow at the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Mystikou has worked on the seaweed diversity of the southwestern Antarctic Peninsula, the Falkland Islands and surrounding regions, but she has also contributed to work on the marine flora of the Canadian Arctic and on alien seaweed species in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Aldo O. Asensi obtained his MSc in Biology at Buenos Aires University and his PhD (Doctor 3eme cycle) at Paris University-Pierre et Marie Curie. In his research, he has explored marine algal taxonomy, biodiversity, biogeography, development and reproduction
in vitro , cytology and cellular morphology. He is author of 55 articles and of two books. He has travelled extensively – his explorations have taken him to Tierra del Fuego, Patagonia and Antarctica and to the Kerguelen Islands. He worked as a visiting/temporary lecturer at the University of Buenos Aires, the University of Tadeo Lozano (Colombia) and at the University of Costa Rica.Olivier DeClerck is an Associate Professor at Ghent University (Belgium), specializing in diversity, distribution and genetics of marine seaweeds. In his research he addresses questions ranging purely descriptive taxonomic studies, over invasive species biology to ecological studies forecasting the distribution of species in relation to environmental changes. Much of his work is centered on genetic data which is used for species identification, reconstruction of evolutionary relationships and understanding range dynamics over long periods of time.
Akira F. Peters is a gentleman scientist. Since the beginning of his scientific career in 1980 he has worked on life histories, taxonomy, phylogenetics, ecology, pathology, genetics, development, cultivation and utilization of brown algae. He has a PhD from Konstanz University, Germany, is director of the enterprise Bezhin Rosko (
www.bezhinrosko.com ) and lives near Roscoff in Brittany, NW France. His main techniques are isolation, purification and laboratory cultivation of seaweed microstages.Konstantinos Tsiamis is a marine biologist, focusing on seaweeds and seagrasses: biodiversity, biology, ecology and taxonomy, with emphasis on alien species and pollution impacts in the Mediterranean Sea. He has participated in more than 25 research projects on the marine environment, has been involved in 35 scientific peer-reviewed publications, has participated in numerous symposia and workshops, and obtained several scholarships. He is an expert scuba diver with long experience in sampling seaweeds and seagrasses. He has recently been appointed as a scientific/technical support officer in the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC).
Kyle I. Fletcher is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the Genome Center, University of California Davis, where he is involved in several comparative genome projects focusing on oomycete pathogens of agricultural crops. Prior to this Kyle completed his PhD at the University of Aberdeen, graduating in 2015. His studies focused on organisms associated with marine algae, with a particular focus on
Olpidiopsis sp.Eurychasma sp. andAnisolpidium sp. Prior to this he studied his BSc at Queen’s University Belfast, graduating in 2010.Renato Westermeier works on taxonomy, ecology, cultivation and utilization of algae, mainly in the South of Chile. He has a Dr. rer. nat from Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany. He studies energy content of seaweed, population dynamics of algae in order to develop the management of red and brown algae in Chile. He has developed seaweed farming methods, e.g. for
Sarcothalia ,Gigartina ,Gracilaria , and recentlyPorphyra . He has successfully developed improved varieties of Macrocystis, which they are successfully grown in Atacama, Northern Chile. He currently holds the position of Vice Chancellor of the Universidad Austral de Chile Sede Puerto Montt.Paul Brickle is Director of the South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute. Paul’s interests include the ecology and oceanography of the southern Patagonian Shelf, particularly the reproductive biology, age and growth, population dynamics and the population structure of marine species inhabiting the waters of this region. His other interests include shallow marine ecology, community ecology and biogeography of small isolated islands particularly those in the South Atlantic. Paul is an active diving member of the Falkland Islands based Shallow Marine Surveys Group. He is also a Reader at the School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen.
Pieter van West is Director of the International Centre for Aquaculture Research and Development at the University of Aberdeen. In 2012 he was given a Chair in Mycology at the University of Aberdeen. He is currently President Elect of the British Mycological Society. His laboratory investigates most aspects of the biology of oomycetes, often referred to as “water moulds”. Algal pathogens under investigation in his laboratory include
Olpidiopsis spp.,Eurychasma dicksonii ,Anisolpidium spp. andMaullinia .Frithjof C. Küpper has held the Chair in Marine Biodiversity at the University of Aberdeen (Oceanlab) since 2011. Over the past 25 years, he has studied the biodiversity and biochemistry of marine plants/algae – especially abiotic and biotic stress. He conducted graduate studies at Roscoff and Konstanz for a joint French-German PhD. His research resulted in the finding of iodide serving as an inorganic antioxidant in kelp, the first described from a living system, impacting atmospheric and marine chemistry. A certified scientific diver, Frithjof has worked extensively in the South Atlantic (Ascension and Falkland Islands), but also in the Antarctic Peninsula and the Canadian Arctic for algal diversity-related projects.
Abstract
Subantarctic and Antarctic regions remain little explored with regards to their seaweed diversity. This study is based upon collections in the early 1970s and 2007–2013. It is supported by sequencing COI (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I) and reports new records for four species of brown algae (Hincksia granulosa, Hincksia sandriana, Myriotrichia clavaeformis, Syringoderma australe), four red algae (Erythrotrichia carnea, Paraglossum salicifolium, Phycodrys antarctica, Plumariopsis eatonii), one green alga (Chaetomorpha aerea) and of the oomycete Anisolpidium ectocarpii. A further four brown algae are reported at genus level and discussed (Cladostephus sp., Colpomenia sp., Dictyota sp., Punctaria sp.). Observations of the biology of three brown algal taxa (Cladothele decaisnei, Geminocarpus geminatus, Halopteris obovata) from the region are also reported here.
About the authors
Alexandra Mystikou earned her PhD from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland in September 2015. Her PhD research focused on the taxonomy, phylogeny, ecology and biogeography of macroalgae. She is currently an honorary research fellow at the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Mystikou has worked on the seaweed diversity of the southwestern Antarctic Peninsula, the Falkland Islands and surrounding regions, but she has also contributed to work on the marine flora of the Canadian Arctic and on alien seaweed species in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Aldo O. Asensi obtained his MSc in Biology at Buenos Aires University and his PhD (Doctor 3eme cycle) at Paris University-Pierre et Marie Curie. In his research, he has explored marine algal taxonomy, biodiversity, biogeography, development and reproduction in vitro, cytology and cellular morphology. He is author of 55 articles and of two books. He has travelled extensively – his explorations have taken him to Tierra del Fuego, Patagonia and Antarctica and to the Kerguelen Islands. He worked as a visiting/temporary lecturer at the University of Buenos Aires, the University of Tadeo Lozano (Colombia) and at the University of Costa Rica.
Olivier DeClerck is an Associate Professor at Ghent University (Belgium), specializing in diversity, distribution and genetics of marine seaweeds. In his research he addresses questions ranging purely descriptive taxonomic studies, over invasive species biology to ecological studies forecasting the distribution of species in relation to environmental changes. Much of his work is centered on genetic data which is used for species identification, reconstruction of evolutionary relationships and understanding range dynamics over long periods of time.
Akira F. Peters is a gentleman scientist. Since the beginning of his scientific career in 1980 he has worked on life histories, taxonomy, phylogenetics, ecology, pathology, genetics, development, cultivation and utilization of brown algae. He has a PhD from Konstanz University, Germany, is director of the enterprise Bezhin Rosko (www.bezhinrosko.com) and lives near Roscoff in Brittany, NW France. His main techniques are isolation, purification and laboratory cultivation of seaweed microstages.
Konstantinos Tsiamis is a marine biologist, focusing on seaweeds and seagrasses: biodiversity, biology, ecology and taxonomy, with emphasis on alien species and pollution impacts in the Mediterranean Sea. He has participated in more than 25 research projects on the marine environment, has been involved in 35 scientific peer-reviewed publications, has participated in numerous symposia and workshops, and obtained several scholarships. He is an expert scuba diver with long experience in sampling seaweeds and seagrasses. He has recently been appointed as a scientific/technical support officer in the European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC).
Kyle I. Fletcher is currently a postdoctoral researcher at the Genome Center, University of California Davis, where he is involved in several comparative genome projects focusing on oomycete pathogens of agricultural crops. Prior to this Kyle completed his PhD at the University of Aberdeen, graduating in 2015. His studies focused on organisms associated with marine algae, with a particular focus on Olpidiopsis sp. Eurychasma sp. and Anisolpidium sp. Prior to this he studied his BSc at Queen’s University Belfast, graduating in 2010.
Renato Westermeier works on taxonomy, ecology, cultivation and utilization of algae, mainly in the South of Chile. He has a Dr. rer. nat from Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany. He studies energy content of seaweed, population dynamics of algae in order to develop the management of red and brown algae in Chile. He has developed seaweed farming methods, e.g. for Sarcothalia, Gigartina, Gracilaria, and recently Porphyra. He has successfully developed improved varieties of Macrocystis, which they are successfully grown in Atacama, Northern Chile. He currently holds the position of Vice Chancellor of the Universidad Austral de Chile Sede Puerto Montt.
Paul Brickle is Director of the South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute. Paul’s interests include the ecology and oceanography of the southern Patagonian Shelf, particularly the reproductive biology, age and growth, population dynamics and the population structure of marine species inhabiting the waters of this region. His other interests include shallow marine ecology, community ecology and biogeography of small isolated islands particularly those in the South Atlantic. Paul is an active diving member of the Falkland Islands based Shallow Marine Surveys Group. He is also a Reader at the School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen.
Pieter van West is Director of the International Centre for Aquaculture Research and Development at the University of Aberdeen. In 2012 he was given a Chair in Mycology at the University of Aberdeen. He is currently President Elect of the British Mycological Society. His laboratory investigates most aspects of the biology of oomycetes, often referred to as “water moulds”. Algal pathogens under investigation in his laboratory include Olpidiopsis spp., Eurychasma dicksonii, Anisolpidium spp. and Maullinia.
Frithjof C. Küpper has held the Chair in Marine Biodiversity at the University of Aberdeen (Oceanlab) since 2011. Over the past 25 years, he has studied the biodiversity and biochemistry of marine plants/algae – especially abiotic and biotic stress. He conducted graduate studies at Roscoff and Konstanz for a joint French-German PhD. His research resulted in the finding of iodide serving as an inorganic antioxidant in kelp, the first described from a living system, impacting atmospheric and marine chemistry. A certified scientific diver, Frithjof has worked extensively in the South Atlantic (Ascension and Falkland Islands), but also in the Antarctic Peninsula and the Canadian Arctic for algal diversity-related projects.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the Shackleton Fund of the Falkland Islands Government for funding two expeditions for AOA and FCK to the islands in 2010–2011 and 2013. We also acknowledge many years of funding support from the UK Natural Environment Research Council to FCK (grant NE/D521522/1, Oceans 2025/WP 4.5, British Antarctic Survey Collaborative Gearing Scheme grant CGS-70 and a travel grant from the International Opportunities Scheme of the Marine & Freshwater Microbial Biodiversity Programme). AM received joint PhD funding from the School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, and the Falkland Islands Government. PvW received funding from the BBSRC, EU and the University of Aberdeen. Diving was supported by the Shallow Marine Surveys Group (SMSG) in the Falkland Islands, Carlos Giuggia (Ushuaia Divers) in Ushuaia, and David Patiño (Universidad Austral de Chile) in Puerto Montt, respectively. We are also grateful for funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland). MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions. Finally, we would like to thank Robert T. Wilce (University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA) for a critical revision of the original manuscript.
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- In this issue
- Research articles
- Influences of hydrozoan colonization on proteomic profiles of the brown alga Saccharina japonica
- Light and temperature requirements for survival, growth and reproduction of the crustose coralline Lithophyllum stictaeforme from the Mediterranean Sea
- New records and observations of macroalgae and associated pathogens from the Falkland Islands, Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego
- Evidence for the proposed merger of Pseudobryopsis papillata with Pseudobryopsis myura (Bryopsidaceae, Chlorophyta)
- Description of two new species of Ochtodes (Rhodophyta: Gigartinales) from Caribbean Mexico on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence
- Molecular and morphological characterisation of Ulva chaugulii, U. paschima and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae) from the Persian Gulf, Iran
- Scrippsiella trochoidea cysts in recent sediments from Amur Bay, Sea of Japan: distribution and phylogeny
- Biomass and productivity of seagrasses in Africa
- Photosynthesis and calcification in two Halimeda species from Phuket, Thailand
- Short communications
- Flowering and seed production in the subtropical seagrass, Halodule wrightii (shoal grass)
- Plastid terminal oxidase acts as an alternative electron sink in a marine cyanobacterium Arthrospira sp.
- A taxonomic re-examination of Saccharina longipedalis (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae), an endemic kelp species around Lake Akkeshi in eastern Hokkaido, Japan
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- In this issue
- Research articles
- Influences of hydrozoan colonization on proteomic profiles of the brown alga Saccharina japonica
- Light and temperature requirements for survival, growth and reproduction of the crustose coralline Lithophyllum stictaeforme from the Mediterranean Sea
- New records and observations of macroalgae and associated pathogens from the Falkland Islands, Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego
- Evidence for the proposed merger of Pseudobryopsis papillata with Pseudobryopsis myura (Bryopsidaceae, Chlorophyta)
- Description of two new species of Ochtodes (Rhodophyta: Gigartinales) from Caribbean Mexico on the basis of morphological and molecular evidence
- Molecular and morphological characterisation of Ulva chaugulii, U. paschima and U. ohnoi (Ulvophyceae) from the Persian Gulf, Iran
- Scrippsiella trochoidea cysts in recent sediments from Amur Bay, Sea of Japan: distribution and phylogeny
- Biomass and productivity of seagrasses in Africa
- Photosynthesis and calcification in two Halimeda species from Phuket, Thailand
- Short communications
- Flowering and seed production in the subtropical seagrass, Halodule wrightii (shoal grass)
- Plastid terminal oxidase acts as an alternative electron sink in a marine cyanobacterium Arthrospira sp.
- A taxonomic re-examination of Saccharina longipedalis (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae), an endemic kelp species around Lake Akkeshi in eastern Hokkaido, Japan
