Late flooding combined with warm autumn – potential possibility for prolongation of transmission of mosquito-borne diseases
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Oldřich Šebesta
Abstract
Alluvial forests of southeastern Moravia and adjacent Slovakia and Austria have frequent massive mosquito outbreaks due to flooding from the Morava and Dyje rivers. Flooding occurs almost regularly in spring due to snowmelt and irregularly in summer after heavy rain. Mosquito occurrence after spring flooding is less serious and involves several species. Much greater occurrence is seen after summer flooding. Calamities in such periods are caused mainly by Aedes sticticus and Ae. vexans. Flooding at the turn of summer to autumn is rare and, when it does occur, usually is not followed by substantial increases in mosquito abundance. Mosquito numbers rapidly decline during October, with captures at the month’s end only in exceptionally warm autumns. In 2014, however, summer-type weather accompanied by heavy storms continued through mid-September. Subsequent temperatures were above the monthly average, leading to an additional mosquito generation and calamity. Mosquito activity was comparable with that of summer calamities. The dominant species was Ae. vexans, an important vector of several diseases in the area, mainly virus Ťahyňa. It is thus apparent that late floods concurrent with exceptionally warm weather can bring a mosquito calamity under Central European conditions even in autumn.
Acknowledgements
We wish to thank Gale A. Kirking of English Editorial Services for his editorial assistance. This work was supported by institutional support RVO 60077344 of the Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology of the Czech Academy of Sciences.
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