Linear transverse flux generator for wave energy conversion: design optimization and analysis
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Oleksii Duniev
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Andrii Yehorov
Abstract
The electric power industry impacts each state’s economy significantly, driven by increasing electricity consumption that necessitates expanding power plants and finding alternative energy sources. Among alternative energy sources, ocean and sea wave energy converters can be distinguished as a separate class. Wave energy converters transform wave energy into mechanical and then electrical energy. The purpose of the study is to analyze and optimize the magnetic system of a transverse flux machine (TFM) linear generator and to determine the influence of the distance between the stator cores on the efficiency of the generator. This research included conducting 3D modeling and analysis to identify this rational distance. The methods for investigating the magnetic system and calculating the magnetic field pattern are divided into analytical and numerical. Thanks to advanced software for solving such tasks, numerical calculation methods based on the finite element method play a decisive role. Meanwhile, analytical calculations of the magnetic circuit are performed using Kirchhoff’s second law for preliminary analysis. The article discusses a two-phase linear TFM generator with a U-shaped core and permanent magnets. The results of numerical modeling show that the distance between the stator cores should have a specific size and requires detailed selection when designing the magnetic system in each particular case. In the design studied, it was calculated that 6 mm between the stator cores increases the machine’s performance. 3D modeling is necessary for accurate analysis, considering the axial magnetic flux to minimize stray fields and their mutual demagnetization. Future research will explore an E-shaped core TFM design.
Zusammenfassung
Die Elektrizitätswirtschaft hat einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Gesamtwirtschaft eines jeden Staates, angetrieben durch den steigenden Stromverbrauch, der den Ausbau von Kraftwerken und die Suche nach alternativen Energiequellen erforderlich macht. Unter den alternativen Energiequellen lassen sich die Wellenkraftwerke für Ozeane und Meere als eine eigene Klasse unterscheiden. Wellenkraftwerke wandeln Wellenenergie in mechanische und dann in elektrische Energie um. Ziel der Studie ist es, das Magnetsystem einer Transversalflusslinearmaschine (TFM) zu analysieren und zu optimieren und den Einfluss der Polteilung auf den Wirkungsgrad des Generators zu bestimmen. Diese Untersuchung umfasste die Durchführung einer 3D-Modellierung und -Analyse zur Ermittlung der optimalen Polteilung. Die Methoden zur Untersuchung des magnetischen Systems und zur Berechnung des Magnetfeldmusters werden in analytische und numerische unterteilt. Dank fortschrittlicher Software für die Lösung solcher Aufgaben spielen numerische Berechnungsmethoden auf der Grundlage der Finite-Elemente-Methode eine entscheidende Rolle. Parallel dazu dienten analytische Berechnungen des magnetischen Kreises unter Verwendung des zweiten Kirchhoffschen Gesetzes zur Vorabschätzung der geometrischen Parameter. In diesem Artikel wird ein zweiphasiger linearer Transversalflussgenerator mit U-förmigen Statorkernen und Permanentmagneten behandelt, der eine Sonderausführung einer permanenterregten Synchronmaschine ist. Die Ergebnisse der numerischen Modellierung zeigen, dass die Polteilung eine bestimmte Größe haben sollte und bei der Auslegung des Magnetsystems in jedem Einzelfall eine detaillierte Auswahl erfordert. Bei dem untersuchten Entwurf wurde berechnet, dass 6 mm Abstand zwischen den Statorkernen die Leistung der Maschine erhöhen. Für eine genaue Analyse ist eine 3D-Modellierung erforderlich, die den axialen Magnetfluss berücksichtigt, um Streufelder und deren gegenseitige Beeinflussung zu minimieren. Zukünftige Untersuchungen werden sich mit E-förmigen Statorkernen als TFM-Design befassen.
About the authors
Oleksii Duniev, Candidate of Engineering Science (comparable to PhD). Currently he is an Associate Professor of Electrical Machines Department of National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”. He consulted electrical machine-building private enterprises in Kharkov. He was an additional international scientific advisor of three MS students at Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg (Germany). He was awarded a Scholarship of Fulbright Visiting Scholar Program (USA) in the 2023–2024 competition. His research interests include analysis and design of high torque and low-speed electrical motors and generators.
Andrii Yehorov, Candidate of Engineering Science (comparable to PhD). Currently he is a head of Electrical Machines Department of National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”. He consulted electrical machine-building plants in Kharkov. His research activities include research and design of high torque and low speed motors and generators.
Andrii Masliennikov, Candidate of Engineering Science (comparable to PhD). Currently he is an Associate Professor of Electrical Machines Department of National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”. He participated in international research cooperation with Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany from 2015. His research activities include research and design of high torque and low speed motors and generators.
Mario Stamann, PhD degree in Electrical Engineering. Currently he is a Research Assistant at the Chair of Electrical Drive Systems in Magdeburg (Germany). His areas of specialization are design and control of electrical drive systems, especially slow-running machines without gearboxes for regenerative energy production. Through scientific project work, he can prove many years of experience with energy generation plants from river energy deploying unconventional generator systems.
Oleksandr Dobzhanskyi, PhD degree in Electrical Engineering. Currently he is an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at Point Park University in Pittsburgh, PA. His research interests include: design and analysis of rare-earth material-free electric machines, wave and wind energy conversion systems, hybrid electric vehicles etc.
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Research ethics: The local Institutional Review Board deemed the study exempt from review.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: This project has received fundingthrough the EURIZON project, which is funded by the European Union under grant agreement No. 871072.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Resilient energy supply in times of crises and transition
- Methods
- Batteries for fast frequency containment response: market impacts on outage dynamics
- Synthesis of speed controllers by the polynomial equations method for an unstable electromechanical object
- Optimal power dispatch in microgrids using mixed-integer linear programming
- Review on peak detect and hold circuits and their applicability in partial discharge detection
- Applications
- Analysis of the degree of correlation of spatial distribution of electricity theft and exogenous variables: case study of Florianopolis, Brazil
- Linear transverse flux generator for wave energy conversion: design optimization and analysis
- Improving quality of electricity generated by grid-tied inverters in solar power plants in low generated power mode using frequency adaptive PWM
- Survey
- Regional marketing mechanisms for industrial energy flexibility enabled by service-oriented IT platforms
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Resilient energy supply in times of crises and transition
- Methods
- Batteries for fast frequency containment response: market impacts on outage dynamics
- Synthesis of speed controllers by the polynomial equations method for an unstable electromechanical object
- Optimal power dispatch in microgrids using mixed-integer linear programming
- Review on peak detect and hold circuits and their applicability in partial discharge detection
- Applications
- Analysis of the degree of correlation of spatial distribution of electricity theft and exogenous variables: case study of Florianopolis, Brazil
- Linear transverse flux generator for wave energy conversion: design optimization and analysis
- Improving quality of electricity generated by grid-tied inverters in solar power plants in low generated power mode using frequency adaptive PWM
- Survey
- Regional marketing mechanisms for industrial energy flexibility enabled by service-oriented IT platforms
