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Patriotism and Bellicism in German and Dutch Epics of the Enlightenment

  • Cornelis van der Haven
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 6. Juli 2012
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arcadia
Aus der Zeitschrift arcadia Band 47 Heft 1

Abstract

The German and Dutch historiography of eighteenth-century patriotismdefines two different forms of patriotism. It is either presented as an enlightenedand virtuous-eudemonic form of ʻlove for the fatherlandʼ based on reason, or asan ideology that foreshadows nineteenth-century emphatic forms of aggressivenationalism. A critical reading of the mid-eighteenth-century epics Cyrus byChristoph Martin Wieland and De Gevallen van Friso by Willem van Haren showsthat the discourses are strongly intertwined. Heroism in these epics is based on apersonal experience of war acts and no longer on distanced and ʻtheatricalʼexperiences of the military spectacle. It confronts us with aggressive war fantasiesrelated to early bellicism, as well as with pacifist statements. In Cyrus, forinstance, the sentimental warrior inspires his fellow-soldiers to offer their bloodin the struggle against the enemy, but he has doubts about the war and showscompassion with the enemy. Explorations of the effects of individual emotionson the battlefield, prepared both further idealisations of patriotic war acts and amore critical literary approach to war and fatherland.

Published Online: 2012-07-06
Published in Print: 2012-07-01

© 2012 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston

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