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Femtosecond laser full and partial texturing of steel surfaces to reduce friction in lubricated contact

  • Antonio Ancona

    Antonio Ancona received his degree (cum laude) and PhD in Physics from the University of Bari in 1997 and 2002, respectively. From 2002 to August 2004 he was a Post-Doctoral Research Assistant at the Physics Department, University of Bari. In September 2004 he joined the CNR as a Technologist. His research activities are mainly focused on the study of high power laser welding processes and laser ablation with ultrafast fiber lasers as well as on the development of real-time process sensors. In 2006 he has spent a 1-year sabbatical as a visiting scientist and then a DAAD research fellow at the IAP – InstitutfürAngewandtePhysik of the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (Germany), exploiting leading research in the field of ultra-short pulse micromachining and materials modification for industrial and medical applications. The results of his work have been published in more than 30 scientific articles in premier peer-reviewed journals, three book contribution, three patents as well as in more than 100 publications of which 65 are indexed by ISI or SCOPUS.

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    , Giuseppe Carbone

    Giuseppe Carbone is currently Associate Professor of Applied Mechanics at Politecnico di Bari – Italy. He received his degree in Mechanical Engineering in February 1998. In February 2002 he received a PhD degree at Politecnico di Bari Italy. Since 2003 he has been regularly invited as a visiting scientist and research fellow by the Forschungszentrum-Juelich, Institute of Solid State Research. Since 2005 he has been regularly invited as a visiting scientist by the Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering – Control System Technology Group. Since 2010 he has been coordinating the Tribology LAB (http://tribolab.poliba.it) at Politecnico di Bari. His main area of research focuses on micro- and nano-tribology, contact mechanics of randomly rough surfaces, crack propagation in viscoelastic materials, friction, adhesion, superhydrophobicity, sealings. He has published more than 170 publications of which 75 are ISI journals.

    , Michele De Filippis

    Michele De Filippis received his degree in Mechanical Engineering (cum laude) at Politecnico di Bari – Italy in April 2014. He presented his thesis entitled “Experimental study of the tribological behavior of laser micro-textured surfaces”. Since November 2014 he has been engaged in research activities focused on the analysis and optimization of the seismic performance of a rubber layer rolling bearing device (RLRB) at the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAR) of the Politenico di Bari.

    , Annalisa Volpe

    Annalisa Volpe received her degree (cum laude) in Physics from the University of Bari in 2012. In April 2013 she joined the CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies as a research fellow and since January 2014 she is a PhD candidate in Physics at the University of Bari. Her research activities are mainly focused on the study of ultrafast laser welding processes of transparent materials and laser ablation with ultrafast laser sources.

    and Pietro Mario Lugarà

    Pietro Mario Lugarà received the degree in Physics from the University of Bari in 1974. From 1980 to 1982 he was an Assistant Professor at the University of Bari; he was an Associate Professor of Physics at the same University from 1983 until February 2001; since March 2004 he is full Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Bari. His research activity has been devoted to the study of the light amplification in optically pumped semiconductors and the effects of quantum confinement and strain, investigated by Raman spectroscopy, in low-dimensional semiconductor structures, like quantum wells and quantum dots, and to applied research aiming at the exploitation of spectroscopic methods in metal welding process control, non-invasive in-vivo determination of biological parameters, air pollution monitoring by means of photoacoustic systems. Today he is involved in studies on material processing with ultra-short laser pulses. He is author or co-author of more than 120 scientific papers.

Published/Copyright: December 18, 2014
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Abstract

Minimizing mechanical losses and friction in vehicle engines would have a great impact on reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, to the benefit of environmental protection. With this scope, laser surface texturing (LST) with femtosecond pulses is an emerging technology, which consists of creating, by laser ablation, an array of high-density microdimples on the surface of a mechanical device. The microtexture decreases the effective contact area and, in case of lubricated contact, acts as oil reservoir and trap for wear debris, leading to an overall friction reduction. Depending on the lubrication regime and on the texture geometry, several mechanisms may concur to modify friction such as the local reduction of the shear stress, the generation of a hydrodynamic lift between the surfaces or the formation of eddy-like flows at the bottom of the dimple cavities. All these effects have been investigated by fabricating and characterizing several LST surfaces by femtosecond laser ablation with different features: partial/full texture, circular/elliptical dimples, variable diameters, and depths but equivalent areal density. More than 85% of friction reduction has been obtained from the circular dimple geometry, but the elliptical texture allows adjusting the friction coefficient by changing its orientation with respect to the sliding direction.


Corresponding author: Antonio Ancona, CNR, Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies U.O.S. Bari, via Amendola 173, I-70126 Bari, Italy, e-mail:

About the authors

Antonio Ancona

Antonio Ancona received his degree (cum laude) and PhD in Physics from the University of Bari in 1997 and 2002, respectively. From 2002 to August 2004 he was a Post-Doctoral Research Assistant at the Physics Department, University of Bari. In September 2004 he joined the CNR as a Technologist. His research activities are mainly focused on the study of high power laser welding processes and laser ablation with ultrafast fiber lasers as well as on the development of real-time process sensors. In 2006 he has spent a 1-year sabbatical as a visiting scientist and then a DAAD research fellow at the IAP – InstitutfürAngewandtePhysik of the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (Germany), exploiting leading research in the field of ultra-short pulse micromachining and materials modification for industrial and medical applications. The results of his work have been published in more than 30 scientific articles in premier peer-reviewed journals, three book contribution, three patents as well as in more than 100 publications of which 65 are indexed by ISI or SCOPUS.

Giuseppe Carbone

Giuseppe Carbone is currently Associate Professor of Applied Mechanics at Politecnico di Bari – Italy. He received his degree in Mechanical Engineering in February 1998. In February 2002 he received a PhD degree at Politecnico di Bari Italy. Since 2003 he has been regularly invited as a visiting scientist and research fellow by the Forschungszentrum-Juelich, Institute of Solid State Research. Since 2005 he has been regularly invited as a visiting scientist by the Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering – Control System Technology Group. Since 2010 he has been coordinating the Tribology LAB (http://tribolab.poliba.it) at Politecnico di Bari. His main area of research focuses on micro- and nano-tribology, contact mechanics of randomly rough surfaces, crack propagation in viscoelastic materials, friction, adhesion, superhydrophobicity, sealings. He has published more than 170 publications of which 75 are ISI journals.

Michele De Filippis

Michele De Filippis received his degree in Mechanical Engineering (cum laude) at Politecnico di Bari – Italy in April 2014. He presented his thesis entitled “Experimental study of the tribological behavior of laser micro-textured surfaces”. Since November 2014 he has been engaged in research activities focused on the analysis and optimization of the seismic performance of a rubber layer rolling bearing device (RLRB) at the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (DICAR) of the Politenico di Bari.

Annalisa Volpe

Annalisa Volpe received her degree (cum laude) in Physics from the University of Bari in 2012. In April 2013 she joined the CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies as a research fellow and since January 2014 she is a PhD candidate in Physics at the University of Bari. Her research activities are mainly focused on the study of ultrafast laser welding processes of transparent materials and laser ablation with ultrafast laser sources.

Pietro Mario Lugarà

Pietro Mario Lugarà received the degree in Physics from the University of Bari in 1974. From 1980 to 1982 he was an Assistant Professor at the University of Bari; he was an Associate Professor of Physics at the same University from 1983 until February 2001; since March 2004 he is full Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Bari. His research activity has been devoted to the study of the light amplification in optically pumped semiconductors and the effects of quantum confinement and strain, investigated by Raman spectroscopy, in low-dimensional semiconductor structures, like quantum wells and quantum dots, and to applied research aiming at the exploitation of spectroscopic methods in metal welding process control, non-invasive in-vivo determination of biological parameters, air pollution monitoring by means of photoacoustic systems. Today he is involved in studies on material processing with ultra-short laser pulses. He is author or co-author of more than 120 scientific papers.

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Regione Apulia and the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research for having supported the research activity within the project “TRASFORMA” Laboratory Network cod. 28, and projects ‘PON01_02238 “EURO6”’ and ‘PON02_00576_3333604 “INNOVHEAD”’.

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Received: 2014-9-4
Accepted: 2014-10-28
Published Online: 2014-12-18
Published in Print: 2014-12-1

©2014 THOSS Media & De Gruyter

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