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Multi-pass absorption spectroscopy for H2O2 detection using a CW DFB-QCL

  • Yingchun Cao

    Yingchun Cao received his BS and ME degree in Applied Physics and Physical Electronics from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan, China) in 2007 and 2009, respectively, and a PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Hong Kong, China) in 2012. In February 2014, he joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University in Houston, TX, as a postdoctoral research associate. His current research interest is focused on the design and implementation of novel optical sensors based on mid-infrared lasers such as quantum cascade and interband cascade lasers for environmental applications.

    , Nancy P. Sanchez

    Nancy P. Sanchez is a postdoctoral research associate at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Rice University. She received her BS degree in Chemical Engineering from the National University of Colombia, and a MS and PhD degree in Environmental Engineering from Los Andes University and the University of Akron. Her research interests include the monitoring and analysis of atmospheric contaminants in urban areas, and the application of spectrophotometric methods and multi-way data analysis for the study of environmental processes.

    , Wenzhe Jiang

    Wenzhe Jiang received his BSc degree in Microelectronics from Peking University in China in 2012. In August 2012, he joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University, Houston, TX, as a graduate student. His research at Rice is focused on the design and implementation of optical sensor platforms employing mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers and various spectroscopic techniques for trace gas detection. More specifically, his work at Rice is related to quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and tunable laser absorption spectroscopy based optical sensor systems for environmental and biomedical applications.

    , Wei Ren

    Wei Ren is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He received his BS in Mechanical Engineering and MS in Optical Engineering from Tsinghua University in 2006 and 2008, respectively. He obtained his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University in 2013. After his graduate work, Dr. Ren joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University as a postdoc research associate, where his research focused on trace gas sensing for environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and biomedical applications. Dr. Ren’s research to date has resulted in more than 20 peer-reviewed journal publications in the fields of combustion and propulsion, optical diagnostics and sensors, alternative fuels, and environmental research. Dr. Ren is a Member of the Optical Society (OSA), Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), and Combustion Institute (CI).

    , Rafał Lewicki

    Rafal Lewicki received his MS and PhD degree (cum laude) in Electronics from Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland in 2005 and 2011, respectively. Dr. Lewicki is currently a post doctorial fellow in the research group of Professor G. Wysocki at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. He held a post doctorial research associate position in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University. His research interests are focused on trace gas detection using laser based spectroscopic techniques. He has specialized in the implementation of quantum cascade laser based optical sensor platforms, enabling high resolution, selective and real time spectroscopic measurements, for applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industrial process control.

    , Dongfang Jiang

    Dongfang Jiang received his BSc degree in Automation Engineering, MS and PhD degree in Control Theory and its Applications from NWPU in 1989, 1995, and 2000, respectively. He was a visiting scholar at the Electrical Engineering and Information Technology at Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Germany in 2002, and at the Laser Science Group at Rice University, USA in 2014. He is an associate Professor in the Department of Measurement and Control Technique and Instrumentations at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NWPU), China. Dr. Jiang is interested in real-time embedded systems, intelligent instruments, and automatic testing system designs. His current research focuses on optical measurement of air data, purification of noise corrupted weak signals, and the design of servo-systems primarily for aviation applications.

    , Robert J. Griffin

    Robert Griffin is Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering. He received his BS from Tufts University in 1993, his MS 1997 and his PhD 2000 from Caltech. Dr. Griffin’s research interests include performing field, laboratory, and computational experiments designed to understand the effects and behavior of organic species in the troposphere. He is a member of the American Association of Aerosol Research, the American Chemical Society, and the American Geophysical Union.

    and Frank K. Tittel

    Frank K. Tittel is the Josephine S. Abercrombie Professor of Electrical Computer Engineering at Rice University, where he also holds a joint faculty appointment in the Department of Bioengineering. He obtained his bachelor, master, and doctorate degrees in physics from the University of Oxford in 1955 and 1959, respectively. From 1959 to 1967 he was a Research Physicist with General Electric Research and Development Center, Schenectady, New York. Since 1967 he has been on the faculty at Rice University in Houston, TX. Dr. Tittel is a Fellow of the IEEE, the Optical Society of America and the American Physical Society. Current research interests include various aspects of quantum electronics, specifically laser spectroscopy and laser applications in environmental monitoring, industrial process control and medicine.

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Published/Copyright: December 18, 2014
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Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection was demonstrated with multi-pass absorption spectroscopy using a commercial 76-m astigmatic multi-pass absorption cell. An ∼7.73-μm continuous wave, distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (CW DFB-QCL) was employed for targeting a strong H2O2 line (1296.2 cm-1) in the fundamental absorption band. Wavelength modulation spectroscopy combined with a second harmonic detection technique was utilized to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. By optimizing the pressure inside the multi-pass cell and the wavelength modulation depth, a minimum detection limit (1σ) of 13.4 ppbv was achieved for H2O2 with a 2-s sampling time. From an Allan-Werle deviation plot, the detection limit could be improved to 1.5 ppbv with an averaging time of 200 s. Interference effects of atmospheric air components are also discussed.


Corresponding author: Frank K. Tittel, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main St. Houston, TX 77005, USA, e-mail:

About the authors

Yingchun Cao

Yingchun Cao received his BS and ME degree in Applied Physics and Physical Electronics from Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Wuhan, China) in 2007 and 2009, respectively, and a PhD degree in Electrical Engineering from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Hong Kong, China) in 2012. In February 2014, he joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University in Houston, TX, as a postdoctoral research associate. His current research interest is focused on the design and implementation of novel optical sensors based on mid-infrared lasers such as quantum cascade and interband cascade lasers for environmental applications.

Nancy P. Sanchez

Nancy P. Sanchez is a postdoctoral research associate at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Rice University. She received her BS degree in Chemical Engineering from the National University of Colombia, and a MS and PhD degree in Environmental Engineering from Los Andes University and the University of Akron. Her research interests include the monitoring and analysis of atmospheric contaminants in urban areas, and the application of spectrophotometric methods and multi-way data analysis for the study of environmental processes.

Wenzhe Jiang

Wenzhe Jiang received his BSc degree in Microelectronics from Peking University in China in 2012. In August 2012, he joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University, Houston, TX, as a graduate student. His research at Rice is focused on the design and implementation of optical sensor platforms employing mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers and various spectroscopic techniques for trace gas detection. More specifically, his work at Rice is related to quartz enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and tunable laser absorption spectroscopy based optical sensor systems for environmental and biomedical applications.

Wei Ren

Wei Ren is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He received his BS in Mechanical Engineering and MS in Optical Engineering from Tsinghua University in 2006 and 2008, respectively. He obtained his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University in 2013. After his graduate work, Dr. Ren joined the Laser Science Group at Rice University as a postdoc research associate, where his research focused on trace gas sensing for environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and biomedical applications. Dr. Ren’s research to date has resulted in more than 20 peer-reviewed journal publications in the fields of combustion and propulsion, optical diagnostics and sensors, alternative fuels, and environmental research. Dr. Ren is a Member of the Optical Society (OSA), Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), and Combustion Institute (CI).

Rafał Lewicki

Rafal Lewicki received his MS and PhD degree (cum laude) in Electronics from Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland in 2005 and 2011, respectively. Dr. Lewicki is currently a post doctorial fellow in the research group of Professor G. Wysocki at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. He held a post doctorial research associate position in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University. His research interests are focused on trace gas detection using laser based spectroscopic techniques. He has specialized in the implementation of quantum cascade laser based optical sensor platforms, enabling high resolution, selective and real time spectroscopic measurements, for applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industrial process control.

Dongfang Jiang

Dongfang Jiang received his BSc degree in Automation Engineering, MS and PhD degree in Control Theory and its Applications from NWPU in 1989, 1995, and 2000, respectively. He was a visiting scholar at the Electrical Engineering and Information Technology at Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Germany in 2002, and at the Laser Science Group at Rice University, USA in 2014. He is an associate Professor in the Department of Measurement and Control Technique and Instrumentations at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NWPU), China. Dr. Jiang is interested in real-time embedded systems, intelligent instruments, and automatic testing system designs. His current research focuses on optical measurement of air data, purification of noise corrupted weak signals, and the design of servo-systems primarily for aviation applications.

Robert J. Griffin

Robert Griffin is Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering. He received his BS from Tufts University in 1993, his MS 1997 and his PhD 2000 from Caltech. Dr. Griffin’s research interests include performing field, laboratory, and computational experiments designed to understand the effects and behavior of organic species in the troposphere. He is a member of the American Association of Aerosol Research, the American Chemical Society, and the American Geophysical Union.

Frank K. Tittel

Frank K. Tittel is the Josephine S. Abercrombie Professor of Electrical Computer Engineering at Rice University, where he also holds a joint faculty appointment in the Department of Bioengineering. He obtained his bachelor, master, and doctorate degrees in physics from the University of Oxford in 1955 and 1959, respectively. From 1959 to 1967 he was a Research Physicist with General Electric Research and Development Center, Schenectady, New York. Since 1967 he has been on the faculty at Rice University in Houston, TX. Dr. Tittel is a Fellow of the IEEE, the Optical Society of America and the American Physical Society. Current research interests include various aspects of quantum electronics, specifically laser spectroscopy and laser applications in environmental monitoring, industrial process control and medicine.

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from a National Science Foundation (NSF) ERC MIRTHE award, a NSF-ANR award for international collaboration in chemistry, “Next generation of Compact Infrared Laser based Sensor for Environmental Monitoring (NexCILAS),” and the Robert Welch Foundation grant C-0586.

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Received: 2014-10-13
Accepted: 2014-11-4
Published Online: 2014-12-18
Published in Print: 2014-12-1

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