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Homocysteine: a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases
-
Wolfgang Herrmann
und
Rima Obeid
Veröffentlicht/Copyright:
1. März 2011
Abstract
Diseases of the central nervous system are found in patients with severe hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). Epidemiological studies show a positive, dose-dependent relationship between mild-to-moderate increases in plasma total homocysteine concentrations (Hcy) and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, cognitive impairment or stroke. HHcy is a surrogate marker for B vitamin deficiency (folate, B12, B6) and a neurotoxic agent. The concept of improving the patient's clinical outcome by lowering of Hcy with B vitamins seems to be attractive. Recent B vitamin supplementation trials demonstrated a slowing of brain atrophy and improvement in some domains of cognitive function. Meta-analysis of secondary prevention trials showed that B vitamins supplementation caused a decrease in plasma Hcy and a trend for lowering the risk of stroke. HHcy is common in elderly people. Therefore, it seems prudent to identify B vitamin deficient subjects and to ensure sufficient vitamin intake. Therefore, recent evidence supports the role of Hcy as a potential biomarker in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; cognitive impairment; dementia; folate; homocysteine; stroke; vitamin B12; vitamin deficiency
Received: 2010-11-12
Accepted: 2011-1-11
Published Online: 2011-03-01
Published in Print: 2011-03-01
©2011 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Alzheimer's disease;
cognitive impairment;
dementia;
folate;
homocysteine;
stroke;
vitamin B12;
vitamin deficiency
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Editorial
- Biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases
- Reviews
- CSF biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases
- Tau and p-tau as CSF biomarkers in dementia: a meta-analysis
- Amyloid β (Aβ) and phospho-tau (p-tau) as diagnostic biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease
- The effect of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype on biomarkers of amyloidogenesis, tau pathology and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease
- Advanced glycation endproducts as gerontotoxins and biomarkers for carbonyl-based degenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease
- Parkinson's disease – the continuing search for biomarkers
- α-Synuclein in Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
- S100B protein in neurodegenerative disorders
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- Editorial
- ROMA or death: advances in epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis
- Review
- Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
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- Evaluation of the accuracy of serum human epididymis protein 4 in combination with CA125 for detecting ovarian cancer: a prospective case-control study in a Korean population
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