The epigenetic basis for the aberrant expression of kallikreins in human cancers
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Georgios Pampalakis
, Eleftherios P. Diamandis und Georgia Sotiropoulou
Abstract
The tissue kallikrein gene family consists of 15 genes tandemly arranged on human chromosome 19q13.4. Most kallikrein genes are characterized by aberrant expression patterns in various human cancers, a feature that makes them ideal cancer biomarkers. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the epigenetic drug compound 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine on the expression of downregulated kallikrein genes in prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer cell lines. Reactivation of multiple kallikrein genes was observed, although some of these genes do not contain CpG islands in their genomic sequence. Epigenetic regulation provides a new mechanism for the pharmacological modulation of kallikreins in human cancers with putative therapeutic implications.
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©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Artikel in diesem Heft
- The First International Symposium on Kallikreins
- A comprehensive nomenclature for serine proteases with homology to tissue kallikreins
- The kallikrein world: an update on the human tissue kallikreins
- Cellular distribution of human tissue kallikreins: immunohistochemical localization
- The tissue kallikrein-kinin system protects against cardiovascular and renal diseases and ischemic stroke independently of blood pressure reduction
- Proteinase-mediated cell signalling: targeting proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) by kallikreins and more
- Recombinant kallikrein expression: site-specific integration for hK6 production in human cells
- Kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family mRNA variants and protein isoforms in hormone-related cancers: do they have a function?
- The role of kallikrein-related peptidases in prostate cancer: potential involvement in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- Human kallikrein 10, a predictive marker for breast cancer
- Activation and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human kallikrein 8
- Human tissue kallikrein 9: production of recombinant proteins and specific antibodies
- The human kallikrein 10 promoter contains a functional retinoid response element
- Human kallikrein 4: enzymatic activity, inhibition, and degradation of extracellular matrix proteins
- Kallikrein-related peptidase 14 may be a major contributor to trypsin-like proteolytic activity in human stratum corneum
- A sensitive proximity ligation assay for active PSA
- Multiple mechanisms underlie the aberrant expression of the human kallikrein 6 gene in breast cancer
- Expression of the human kallikrein genes 10 (KLK10) and 11 (KLK11) in cancerous and non-cancerous lung tissues
- mRNA expression analysis of human kallikrein 11 (KLK11) may be useful in the discrimination of benign prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer after needle prostate biopsy
- The epigenetic basis for the aberrant expression of kallikreins in human cancers
- Improved prostate cancer detection with a human kallikrein 11 and percentage free PSA-based artificial neural network
- Overexpression of the human tissue kallikrein genes KLK4, 5, 6, and 7 increases the malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer cells
- Inhibition profiles of human tissue kallikreins by serine protease inhibitors
- Kallikrein-mediated cell signalling: targeting proteinase-activated receptors (PARs)
Artikel in diesem Heft
- The First International Symposium on Kallikreins
- A comprehensive nomenclature for serine proteases with homology to tissue kallikreins
- The kallikrein world: an update on the human tissue kallikreins
- Cellular distribution of human tissue kallikreins: immunohistochemical localization
- The tissue kallikrein-kinin system protects against cardiovascular and renal diseases and ischemic stroke independently of blood pressure reduction
- Proteinase-mediated cell signalling: targeting proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) by kallikreins and more
- Recombinant kallikrein expression: site-specific integration for hK6 production in human cells
- Kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family mRNA variants and protein isoforms in hormone-related cancers: do they have a function?
- The role of kallikrein-related peptidases in prostate cancer: potential involvement in an epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- Human kallikrein 10, a predictive marker for breast cancer
- Activation and enzymatic characterization of recombinant human kallikrein 8
- Human tissue kallikrein 9: production of recombinant proteins and specific antibodies
- The human kallikrein 10 promoter contains a functional retinoid response element
- Human kallikrein 4: enzymatic activity, inhibition, and degradation of extracellular matrix proteins
- Kallikrein-related peptidase 14 may be a major contributor to trypsin-like proteolytic activity in human stratum corneum
- A sensitive proximity ligation assay for active PSA
- Multiple mechanisms underlie the aberrant expression of the human kallikrein 6 gene in breast cancer
- Expression of the human kallikrein genes 10 (KLK10) and 11 (KLK11) in cancerous and non-cancerous lung tissues
- mRNA expression analysis of human kallikrein 11 (KLK11) may be useful in the discrimination of benign prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer after needle prostate biopsy
- The epigenetic basis for the aberrant expression of kallikreins in human cancers
- Improved prostate cancer detection with a human kallikrein 11 and percentage free PSA-based artificial neural network
- Overexpression of the human tissue kallikrein genes KLK4, 5, 6, and 7 increases the malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer cells
- Inhibition profiles of human tissue kallikreins by serine protease inhibitors
- Kallikrein-mediated cell signalling: targeting proteinase-activated receptors (PARs)