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Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity

  • Vishal Tuli
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Sustainable Hydrogen Energy
This chapter is in the book Sustainable Hydrogen Energy

Abstract

Hydrogen production is a crucial technology for energy needs of the world and, if provided sustainably, has the potential to revolutionize the energy sector. This chapter presents a thorough review of hydrogen production technologies including both conventional and advanced techniques. The conventional methods include steam reforming, methane reforming, electrolysis of water, and coal gasification. The technology and the applicability of these technologies are well-established, but they suffer from various limitations such as high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and high capital costs. Advanced technologies such as biological and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, thermochemical water splitting, and high temperature electrolysis are promising alternatives with lower energy consumption, reduced emissions, and higher efficiency. The advantages and shortcomings of each of these technologies are presented, along with the associated environmental impacts and economic feasibility. The chapter also studies the potential of renewable energy sources to generate hydrogen using these advanced technologies. The importance of integrating renewable energy sources with hydrogen production to achieve a sustainable and carbon-neutral energy system is also highlighted. This chapter discusses the challenges associated with large-scale deployment of hydrogen production technologies such as the need for infrastructure development, technological advancements, and policy support. In summary, hydrogen production technologies are vital to achieve a sustainable energy future. The shift toward advanced and renewable energy sources for hydrogen production is necessary to overcome the limitations of conventional methods and mitigate the environmental impact of energy production. The successful deployment of these technologies will require the collaboration of industry, academia, and policymakers to create a supportive environment for research, development, and deployment.

Abstract

Hydrogen production is a crucial technology for energy needs of the world and, if provided sustainably, has the potential to revolutionize the energy sector. This chapter presents a thorough review of hydrogen production technologies including both conventional and advanced techniques. The conventional methods include steam reforming, methane reforming, electrolysis of water, and coal gasification. The technology and the applicability of these technologies are well-established, but they suffer from various limitations such as high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and high capital costs. Advanced technologies such as biological and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, thermochemical water splitting, and high temperature electrolysis are promising alternatives with lower energy consumption, reduced emissions, and higher efficiency. The advantages and shortcomings of each of these technologies are presented, along with the associated environmental impacts and economic feasibility. The chapter also studies the potential of renewable energy sources to generate hydrogen using these advanced technologies. The importance of integrating renewable energy sources with hydrogen production to achieve a sustainable and carbon-neutral energy system is also highlighted. This chapter discusses the challenges associated with large-scale deployment of hydrogen production technologies such as the need for infrastructure development, technological advancements, and policy support. In summary, hydrogen production technologies are vital to achieve a sustainable energy future. The shift toward advanced and renewable energy sources for hydrogen production is necessary to overcome the limitations of conventional methods and mitigate the environmental impact of energy production. The successful deployment of these technologies will require the collaboration of industry, academia, and policymakers to create a supportive environment for research, development, and deployment.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111246475-008

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
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