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Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities

  • Pragati Shukla , Nidhi Garg , Raj Kumar Arya and S. Manivannan
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Sustainable Hydrogen Energy
This chapter is in the book Sustainable Hydrogen Energy

Abstract

Hydrogen is the simplest, lightest, and abundantly available element on the Earth. It is the most widespread chemical element (H), which can be obtained from a number of sources, both renewable and nonrenewable as molecular dihydrogen (H2). These resources can be domestic, such as nuclear, coal, biomass, natural gas, and other renewable ones. Hydrogen demand and in turn production are rapidly increasing, which demands for the cutting-edge and economically viable technologies. Global production of hydrogen has so far been dominated by fossil fuels, with the most significant contemporary technologies being the steam reforming of hydrocarbons. In order to decrease the dependence on fossil fuels, significant developments in other H2 generation technologies from renewable resources such as biomass and water are considered. Another ways to produce pure hydrogen are thermolysis and electrolysis of water, which are again energy demanding. All of these methods have their own associated advantages and disadvantages. Herein, state of the art for production of hydrogen and future possibilities toward green hydrogen and sustainable development are discussed. This work provides a conclusive information on both conventional and most recent technologies used for hydrogen (H2) production with associated advantages, disadvantages, maturity level, and efficiencies.

Abstract

Hydrogen is the simplest, lightest, and abundantly available element on the Earth. It is the most widespread chemical element (H), which can be obtained from a number of sources, both renewable and nonrenewable as molecular dihydrogen (H2). These resources can be domestic, such as nuclear, coal, biomass, natural gas, and other renewable ones. Hydrogen demand and in turn production are rapidly increasing, which demands for the cutting-edge and economically viable technologies. Global production of hydrogen has so far been dominated by fossil fuels, with the most significant contemporary technologies being the steam reforming of hydrocarbons. In order to decrease the dependence on fossil fuels, significant developments in other H2 generation technologies from renewable resources such as biomass and water are considered. Another ways to produce pure hydrogen are thermolysis and electrolysis of water, which are again energy demanding. All of these methods have their own associated advantages and disadvantages. Herein, state of the art for production of hydrogen and future possibilities toward green hydrogen and sustainable development are discussed. This work provides a conclusive information on both conventional and most recent technologies used for hydrogen (H2) production with associated advantages, disadvantages, maturity level, and efficiencies.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111246475-007

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
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