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Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass

  • Sujeet Kesharvani , Sakshi Sarathe , Anjali Agrawal , Gaurav Dwivedi and Prashant Malik
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Sustainable Hydrogen Energy
This chapter is in the book Sustainable Hydrogen Energy

Abstract

Sustainable and green hydrogen (also known as GH2) is a form of hydrogen produced by a renewable energy source or a low-carbon power. The biomass pathway could generate hydrogen for India, which is both practical and effective. The National Green Hydrogen Mission has received government approval to advance the use of GH2 in India. By 2030, the Mission will probably provide the following results: Development of a GH2 production capability of at least 5 MMT (million metric tons) annually, along with an increase of 125 GW in the nation’s renewable energy capacity; around Rs. 8 lakh crores have been invested overall, creating more than 6 lakh employment; decrease in fossil fuel imports of more than Rs. 1 trillion cumulatively; and reduction of yearly greenhouse gas emissions by around 50 MMT. India is not a pioneer in using biomass for power generation, while biomass for hydrogen production offers great promise. In today’s chemical sector and refineries, hydrogen is a key intermediate. Since it emits no emissions and is made from renewable resources, hydrogen is regarded as a green fuel. Biomasa carbon-neutral feedstock can potentially be one of the promising methods to create this GH2. Because plants absorb the carbon dioxide produced during combustion through photosynthesis, biomass has the potential to be used as a raw material for producing biofuels that are considered to have a balanced carbon footprint, meaning they do not contribute to a net increase in carbon dioxide levels. Thermochemical, biological, and steam reformation of glycerol are three ways biomass can be converted to hydrogen. This chapter deals with the production of GH2 from biomass.

Abstract

Sustainable and green hydrogen (also known as GH2) is a form of hydrogen produced by a renewable energy source or a low-carbon power. The biomass pathway could generate hydrogen for India, which is both practical and effective. The National Green Hydrogen Mission has received government approval to advance the use of GH2 in India. By 2030, the Mission will probably provide the following results: Development of a GH2 production capability of at least 5 MMT (million metric tons) annually, along with an increase of 125 GW in the nation’s renewable energy capacity; around Rs. 8 lakh crores have been invested overall, creating more than 6 lakh employment; decrease in fossil fuel imports of more than Rs. 1 trillion cumulatively; and reduction of yearly greenhouse gas emissions by around 50 MMT. India is not a pioneer in using biomass for power generation, while biomass for hydrogen production offers great promise. In today’s chemical sector and refineries, hydrogen is a key intermediate. Since it emits no emissions and is made from renewable resources, hydrogen is regarded as a green fuel. Biomasa carbon-neutral feedstock can potentially be one of the promising methods to create this GH2. Because plants absorb the carbon dioxide produced during combustion through photosynthesis, biomass has the potential to be used as a raw material for producing biofuels that are considered to have a balanced carbon footprint, meaning they do not contribute to a net increase in carbon dioxide levels. Thermochemical, biological, and steam reformation of glycerol are three ways biomass can be converted to hydrogen. This chapter deals with the production of GH2 from biomass.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111246475-001

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. Part I: Hydrogen production
  6. Chapter 1 Green hydrogen production using biomass 1
  7. Chapter 2 Hydrogen production using nonthermal plasma technology 25
  8. Chapter 3 Technologies to synthesize hydrogen from renewable and environmentfriendly sources: past scenarios and current trends 43
  9. Chapter 4 Thermochemical processes for hydrogen 63
  10. Chapter 5 Synthesis of hydrogen through reforming processes and its utilization to value-added products 107
  11. Chapter 6 Producing green hydrogen from of sugarcane bagasse using ASPEN PLUS simulation 129
  12. Chapter 7 Hydrogen production technologies: state-of-the-art and future possibilities 143
  13. Chapter 8 Hydrogen production technologies: challenges and opportunity 173
  14. Part II: Hydrogen storage
  15. Chapter 9 Reliable, economic, and eco-friendly methods for hydrogen storage 199
  16. Chapter 10 Metal hydrides: a safe and effective solid-state hydrogen storage system 211
  17. Chapter 11 Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for hydrogen storage 251
  18. Part III: Hydrogen applications and utilization
  19. Chapter 12 Safety first: managing hydrogen in production, handling, and applications 275
  20. Chapter 13 Sustainable hydrogen energy: production, storage, and transportation – transportation of hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels 305
  21. Chapter 14 Hydrogen-integrated renewable systems for power generation: an overview of technologies and applications 319
  22. Chapter 15 Hydrogen burners for effective utilization of hydrogen as the future fuel 347
  23. Part IV: Hydrogen technology and analysis
  24. Chapter 16 Numerical analysis of PEM water electrolyzer for hydrogen production: critical parameters 363
  25. Chapter 17 Probabilistic risk assessment of liquid hydrogen storage system using fault tree and Bayesian network 379
  26. Chapter 18 Layered perovskites for hydrogen generation via solar-driven water splitting 405
  27. Part V: Hydrogen future and prospects
  28. Chapter 19 Prospects and sustainable approach for biohydrogen 435
  29. Chapter 20 Green hydrogen: challenges and future prospects 449
  30. Chapter 21 Hydrogen: the future fuel 487
  31. Index 503
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