14 Agro-food industrial residues into enzymes and other products using solid-state fermentation
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Mariadhas Valan Arasu
Abstract
Agricultural wastes or agro-industrial residues are generated by the food processing industries throughout the world. These industries discharge solid waste (biomass) or liquid effluent into the environment. These solid wastes and effluents directly or indirectly affect the environment and human health negatively. Most of these wastes are lignocellulosic biomass that are a major source of several valueadded bioproducts. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is one of the fermentation methods used for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into various consumable products ranging from digestible sugar to bio-ethanol. Bacteria or fungi, or yeast utilizes this biomass and converts it into useful products. The application of fermentation technology improves the circular economy of industrialists. In SSF, the selection of substrate is very pivotal for product formation and the substrate specificity varies based on the type of organism involved. Bacteria, fungi, and yeast use agro-industrial residues and require pretreatment for the development of products. The selection of suitable substrate, organisms and cultural conditions, all influence product yield. This chapter provides an overview of the production of edible mushrooms, enzymes, lignocellulolytic enzymes, xylanases, lipase, cellulase, fibrinolytic enzyme, single-cell protein, antibiotics, biofuel-butanol, and ethanol production.
Abstract
Agricultural wastes or agro-industrial residues are generated by the food processing industries throughout the world. These industries discharge solid waste (biomass) or liquid effluent into the environment. These solid wastes and effluents directly or indirectly affect the environment and human health negatively. Most of these wastes are lignocellulosic biomass that are a major source of several valueadded bioproducts. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is one of the fermentation methods used for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into various consumable products ranging from digestible sugar to bio-ethanol. Bacteria or fungi, or yeast utilizes this biomass and converts it into useful products. The application of fermentation technology improves the circular economy of industrialists. In SSF, the selection of substrate is very pivotal for product formation and the substrate specificity varies based on the type of organism involved. Bacteria, fungi, and yeast use agro-industrial residues and require pretreatment for the development of products. The selection of suitable substrate, organisms and cultural conditions, all influence product yield. This chapter provides an overview of the production of edible mushrooms, enzymes, lignocellulolytic enzymes, xylanases, lipase, cellulase, fibrinolytic enzyme, single-cell protein, antibiotics, biofuel-butanol, and ethanol production.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors XI
- 1 Production of microbial oxidative enzymes 1
- 2 Actinobacteria: microbial cell factory of oxidative enzymes 19
- 3 Effect of microbial oxidative enzymes on soil health 37
- 4 Role of oxidative enzymes in plant growth promotion 63
- 5 Microbial oxidative enzymes in alleviation of biotic stress in plants 91
- 6 Role of oxidative enzymes in the alleviation of oxidative stress in plant system 109
- 7 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in biological control of plant pathogens 129
- 8 Role of microbial endophytes and their oxidases on effective biocontrol activity against different pathogens of cereal crops in India 155
- 9 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in detergent industries 183
- 10 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in the cosmetic industry 201
- 11 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in the pulp and paper industry 221
- 12 Role of oxidative microbial enzymes in dairy industries 239
- 13 Perspectives of microbial enzyme biocatalyst in food industries 257
- 14 Agro-food industrial residues into enzymes and other products using solid-state fermentation 281
- 15 Microbial oxidative enzymes in wastewater treatment: mechanisms and applications 301
- 16 Microbial laccases: the blue enzyme for bioremediation of contaminants and recalcitrant wastewaters 325
- 17 Microbial laccases as potential biocatalysts for the food processing industries and wastewater treatment 355
- 18 Microbial tyrosinases: promising enzymes for pharmaceutical, food bioprocessing, and environmental industry 375
- 19 Biocatalytic activity of microbial catalases: perspectives in industrial waste treatment, biosensor fabrication, food storage, and pharmaceutical sectors 393
- 20 Characterization of proteases from bacterial and fungal species and evaluation of their ability in meat myofibrillar and connective tissue protein hydrolysis 409
- 21 Microorganisms and their enzymes in carbon storage and control of greenhouse gas emission 431
- 22 Microbial antioxidant defense enzymes and their role in virulence 445
- 23 Production and demand of microbial oxidative enzymes worldwide 467
- Index 505
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents VII
- List of contributing authors XI
- 1 Production of microbial oxidative enzymes 1
- 2 Actinobacteria: microbial cell factory of oxidative enzymes 19
- 3 Effect of microbial oxidative enzymes on soil health 37
- 4 Role of oxidative enzymes in plant growth promotion 63
- 5 Microbial oxidative enzymes in alleviation of biotic stress in plants 91
- 6 Role of oxidative enzymes in the alleviation of oxidative stress in plant system 109
- 7 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in biological control of plant pathogens 129
- 8 Role of microbial endophytes and their oxidases on effective biocontrol activity against different pathogens of cereal crops in India 155
- 9 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in detergent industries 183
- 10 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in the cosmetic industry 201
- 11 Role of microbial oxidative enzymes in the pulp and paper industry 221
- 12 Role of oxidative microbial enzymes in dairy industries 239
- 13 Perspectives of microbial enzyme biocatalyst in food industries 257
- 14 Agro-food industrial residues into enzymes and other products using solid-state fermentation 281
- 15 Microbial oxidative enzymes in wastewater treatment: mechanisms and applications 301
- 16 Microbial laccases: the blue enzyme for bioremediation of contaminants and recalcitrant wastewaters 325
- 17 Microbial laccases as potential biocatalysts for the food processing industries and wastewater treatment 355
- 18 Microbial tyrosinases: promising enzymes for pharmaceutical, food bioprocessing, and environmental industry 375
- 19 Biocatalytic activity of microbial catalases: perspectives in industrial waste treatment, biosensor fabrication, food storage, and pharmaceutical sectors 393
- 20 Characterization of proteases from bacterial and fungal species and evaluation of their ability in meat myofibrillar and connective tissue protein hydrolysis 409
- 21 Microorganisms and their enzymes in carbon storage and control of greenhouse gas emission 431
- 22 Microbial antioxidant defense enzymes and their role in virulence 445
- 23 Production and demand of microbial oxidative enzymes worldwide 467
- Index 505
