7 Recent advancement and development in MOF-based materials for the removal of pharmaceutical waste
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Rana Rashad Mahmood Khan
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been used to treat pharmaceutical waste for a long time now. Promising characteristics of MOFs and their flexible nature ensure the successful removal of pharmaceutical waste. Forces of attractions such as electrostatic, hydrophobic, and pi-pi interactions are responsible for the efficient adsorption of adsorbates over MOFs. MOFs can be molded according to the requirement of the type of waste to be treated. Innovations are being made to develop less toxic and environment-friendly MOFs. MIL-101, a prominent MOF, has been functionalized by the addition of acidic and basic groups to efficiently remove naproxen. Similarly, the addition of TiO2 to MIL-100(Fe) increases the photocatalytic activity to remove tetracycline up to 92%. Hundreds of novel MOFs have been synthesized in recent years which yield a great percentage of waste removal. To further improve the adsorption capacity of MOFs, different types of fabrications are being including, that is, the addition of certain functional groups, combining with semiconductor or polymers, and green synthesis of MOFs. Scientists are also moving toward the green synthesis for the MOFs to ensure the eco-friendly sustenance of MOFs and living beings. Several ways have been devised to adopt green synthesis which involves the use of eco-friendly solvents and less toxic metals.
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been used to treat pharmaceutical waste for a long time now. Promising characteristics of MOFs and their flexible nature ensure the successful removal of pharmaceutical waste. Forces of attractions such as electrostatic, hydrophobic, and pi-pi interactions are responsible for the efficient adsorption of adsorbates over MOFs. MOFs can be molded according to the requirement of the type of waste to be treated. Innovations are being made to develop less toxic and environment-friendly MOFs. MIL-101, a prominent MOF, has been functionalized by the addition of acidic and basic groups to efficiently remove naproxen. Similarly, the addition of TiO2 to MIL-100(Fe) increases the photocatalytic activity to remove tetracycline up to 92%. Hundreds of novel MOFs have been synthesized in recent years which yield a great percentage of waste removal. To further improve the adsorption capacity of MOFs, different types of fabrications are being including, that is, the addition of certain functional groups, combining with semiconductor or polymers, and green synthesis of MOFs. Scientists are also moving toward the green synthesis for the MOFs to ensure the eco-friendly sustenance of MOFs and living beings. Several ways have been devised to adopt green synthesis which involves the use of eco-friendly solvents and less toxic metals.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 Metal-organic framework introduction 1
- 2 Metal-organic framework properties 13
- 3 Metal-organic framework for heterogeneous catalysis 21
- 4 Homogeneous catalysis using MOFs 29
- 5 MOF: an emerging material for biomedical applications 35
- 6 Pharmaceutical wastes: an overview 51
- 7 Recent advancement and development in MOF-based materials for the removal of pharmaceutical waste 73
- 8 Future prospective of metal-organic frameworks for pharmaceutical wastes 95
- 9 MOF – a promising material for energy applications 109
- 10 Polymer-coated MOF for pharmaceutical waste removal 137
- 11 MOF-derived nanocomposites for the removal of ciprofloxacin 157
- Index 177
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgments V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors IX
- 1 Metal-organic framework introduction 1
- 2 Metal-organic framework properties 13
- 3 Metal-organic framework for heterogeneous catalysis 21
- 4 Homogeneous catalysis using MOFs 29
- 5 MOF: an emerging material for biomedical applications 35
- 6 Pharmaceutical wastes: an overview 51
- 7 Recent advancement and development in MOF-based materials for the removal of pharmaceutical waste 73
- 8 Future prospective of metal-organic frameworks for pharmaceutical wastes 95
- 9 MOF – a promising material for energy applications 109
- 10 Polymer-coated MOF for pharmaceutical waste removal 137
- 11 MOF-derived nanocomposites for the removal of ciprofloxacin 157
- Index 177
