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Chapter 16 Extraction and production of drugs from plant

  • Anton Soria-Lopez , Nuno Muñoz-Seijas , Rosa Perez-Gregorio , Jesus Simal-Gandara and Paz Otero
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Phytochemicals in Medicinal Plants
This chapter is in the book Phytochemicals in Medicinal Plants

Abstract

Plants are producers of many secondary metabolites with biological activities like alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, tannins, and phenolic compounds which can be used in the development of pharmaceutical drugs. Because of the complex chemical structure, these compounds are difficult to synthesize at an industrial level. Thus, using appropriate extraction methodologies to obtain extract rich in these phytochemicals is crucial. In this context, infusion, maceration, percolation, and soxhlet are currently used traditional extraction methodologies to produce drug from medicinal plants. However, to improve the extraction performance, other innovative techniques like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction have been developed in the recent years. The parameters and procedures of these techniques play an important role in the extraction performance and yield of these metabolites. This chapter aims to present and compare extraction procedures of phytochemicals from medicinal plants as well as describe some trends in the natural compounds biology to improve the production of the secondary metabolites from medicinal plants.

Abstract

Plants are producers of many secondary metabolites with biological activities like alkaloids, terpenes, lignans, tannins, and phenolic compounds which can be used in the development of pharmaceutical drugs. Because of the complex chemical structure, these compounds are difficult to synthesize at an industrial level. Thus, using appropriate extraction methodologies to obtain extract rich in these phytochemicals is crucial. In this context, infusion, maceration, percolation, and soxhlet are currently used traditional extraction methodologies to produce drug from medicinal plants. However, to improve the extraction performance, other innovative techniques like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction have been developed in the recent years. The parameters and procedures of these techniques play an important role in the extraction performance and yield of these metabolites. This chapter aims to present and compare extraction procedures of phytochemicals from medicinal plants as well as describe some trends in the natural compounds biology to improve the production of the secondary metabolites from medicinal plants.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. List of contributors XIII
  6. Chapter 1 Habitat and distribution of medicinal plants 1
  7. Chapter 2 Threats and conservation of the medicinal plants 27
  8. Chapter 3 Culture, tradition, and indigenous practices on medicinal plants 53
  9. Chapter 4 Plants alkaloids and flavonoids: biosynthesis, classification, and medicinal uses 87
  10. Chapter 5 Terpenoids, steroids, and phenolic compounds of medicinal plants 105
  11. Chapter 6 Characterization techniques used for the analysis of phytochemical constituents 131
  12. Chapter 7 Medicinal bioactivity: anti-cancerous and anti-HIV activity of medicinal plants 153
  13. Chapter 8 Anti-cancerous and anti-HIV activity of medicinal plants 185
  14. Chapter 9 Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing activities of medicinal plants 205
  15. Chapter 10 Antioxidant activity of medicinal plants 227
  16. Chapter 11 Antidiabetic activity of selected Indian medicinal plants 247
  17. Chapter 12 Anti-coronavirus and antiviral activity of medicinal plants 269
  18. Chapter 13 Nanomaterials synthesis from medicinal plant extract 291
  19. Chapter 14 Bioactivity of nanoparticles synthesized from medicinal plants 315
  20. Chapter 15 Phytochemicals in drug discovery 331
  21. Chapter 16 Extraction and production of drugs from plant 347
  22. Index 369
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110791891-016

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. About the editors XI
  5. List of contributors XIII
  6. Chapter 1 Habitat and distribution of medicinal plants 1
  7. Chapter 2 Threats and conservation of the medicinal plants 27
  8. Chapter 3 Culture, tradition, and indigenous practices on medicinal plants 53
  9. Chapter 4 Plants alkaloids and flavonoids: biosynthesis, classification, and medicinal uses 87
  10. Chapter 5 Terpenoids, steroids, and phenolic compounds of medicinal plants 105
  11. Chapter 6 Characterization techniques used for the analysis of phytochemical constituents 131
  12. Chapter 7 Medicinal bioactivity: anti-cancerous and anti-HIV activity of medicinal plants 153
  13. Chapter 8 Anti-cancerous and anti-HIV activity of medicinal plants 185
  14. Chapter 9 Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing activities of medicinal plants 205
  15. Chapter 10 Antioxidant activity of medicinal plants 227
  16. Chapter 11 Antidiabetic activity of selected Indian medicinal plants 247
  17. Chapter 12 Anti-coronavirus and antiviral activity of medicinal plants 269
  18. Chapter 13 Nanomaterials synthesis from medicinal plant extract 291
  19. Chapter 14 Bioactivity of nanoparticles synthesized from medicinal plants 315
  20. Chapter 15 Phytochemicals in drug discovery 331
  21. Chapter 16 Extraction and production of drugs from plant 347
  22. Index 369
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