Potential of extremophiles: a review of current research in nanoparticle synthesis
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Abstract
The present century is the age of nanotechnology, as various advancements have been made in this field to benefit humans. Nanotechnology revolves around tiny nanoparticles (NPs) (10-9), aggregated particles possessing unique properties like opto-physical, chemoreactive, and catalytic properties in the nanoscale region. Among a wide array of NP variants, the bio NPs are of particular interest and are synthesized by various biological entities, including microbes. This has opened a new subset within nanotechnology known as nanobiotechnology, which exploits the potential of biological organisms to synthesize NPs. Extremophiles are creatures that inhabit extreme heat, cold, and saline situations. Their unique genetic and physiological properties qualify for an ideal model system for NP synthesis, which is of primary requirement in basic and applied research in nanobiotechnology. Although numerous physicochemical and biological techniques have been developed to synthesize different NPs, biological options are being preferred by the scientific community for their sustainability and economic advantages. After synthesis, NPs are opto-physically characterized, using various instrumentation techniques to determine the standard quality of produced NPs. This review is an attempt to highlight the synthesis of bio nanoparticles using extremophiles. Efforts have been made to illustrate the usage of bio nanoparticles, their mode of action, and the properties of extremophiles used to synthesize NPs.
Abstract
The present century is the age of nanotechnology, as various advancements have been made in this field to benefit humans. Nanotechnology revolves around tiny nanoparticles (NPs) (10-9), aggregated particles possessing unique properties like opto-physical, chemoreactive, and catalytic properties in the nanoscale region. Among a wide array of NP variants, the bio NPs are of particular interest and are synthesized by various biological entities, including microbes. This has opened a new subset within nanotechnology known as nanobiotechnology, which exploits the potential of biological organisms to synthesize NPs. Extremophiles are creatures that inhabit extreme heat, cold, and saline situations. Their unique genetic and physiological properties qualify for an ideal model system for NP synthesis, which is of primary requirement in basic and applied research in nanobiotechnology. Although numerous physicochemical and biological techniques have been developed to synthesize different NPs, biological options are being preferred by the scientific community for their sustainability and economic advantages. After synthesis, NPs are opto-physically characterized, using various instrumentation techniques to determine the standard quality of produced NPs. This review is an attempt to highlight the synthesis of bio nanoparticles using extremophiles. Efforts have been made to illustrate the usage of bio nanoparticles, their mode of action, and the properties of extremophiles used to synthesize NPs.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- List of contributing authors V
- Contents XIII
- Acidophilic microbial communities: remediating acid mine drainage waters 1
- The extremophiles indigenous to acid mines 23
- Halophiles: properties, adaptations, diversity, and applications 43
- Deep-sea extremophiles and their diversity in the Indian Ocean 65
- Extremozymes: exclusive outlook toward the white biotechnology 95
- Extremophiles: a potential source of extremozymes 113
- Prospects of biofuels, biofertilizers, and therapeutics from extremophiles 131
- Extremophilic pigments in eukaryotic microbes: a tool for survivability 149
- Bioactive compounds from extremophilic bacteria 171
- Psychrophiles survival strategies: insights into the comprehensive adaptive behavioral approaches in cold-habituated bacteria 197
- Extremophiles to polyextremophiles: survival of the fittest 221
- An overview of extremophiles as microbial armament for bioremediation 245
- Biotechnological applications extremophiles: the golden epoch ahead 269
- Potential of extremophiles: a review of current research in nanoparticle synthesis 289
- Cyanobacteria in nanotechnology 315
- Use of extremophiles in nanotechnology 339
- Contribution of cyanobacteria and microalgae as extremophiles in the field of biotechnology 365
- Exploring the potential extremophilic microbes for bioremediation 383
- Index 407
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- List of contributing authors V
- Contents XIII
- Acidophilic microbial communities: remediating acid mine drainage waters 1
- The extremophiles indigenous to acid mines 23
- Halophiles: properties, adaptations, diversity, and applications 43
- Deep-sea extremophiles and their diversity in the Indian Ocean 65
- Extremozymes: exclusive outlook toward the white biotechnology 95
- Extremophiles: a potential source of extremozymes 113
- Prospects of biofuels, biofertilizers, and therapeutics from extremophiles 131
- Extremophilic pigments in eukaryotic microbes: a tool for survivability 149
- Bioactive compounds from extremophilic bacteria 171
- Psychrophiles survival strategies: insights into the comprehensive adaptive behavioral approaches in cold-habituated bacteria 197
- Extremophiles to polyextremophiles: survival of the fittest 221
- An overview of extremophiles as microbial armament for bioremediation 245
- Biotechnological applications extremophiles: the golden epoch ahead 269
- Potential of extremophiles: a review of current research in nanoparticle synthesis 289
- Cyanobacteria in nanotechnology 315
- Use of extremophiles in nanotechnology 339
- Contribution of cyanobacteria and microalgae as extremophiles in the field of biotechnology 365
- Exploring the potential extremophilic microbes for bioremediation 383
- Index 407
