16. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers: a new tool for membrane biophysics
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Abstract
One of the most difficult aspects to studying membrane proteins is mimicking the native lipid bilayer while maintaining the structure and function of the protein. A promising new structural biology tool exists to mimic the native lipid bilayer while maintaining protein integrity using styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymers. SMA polymers have shown the ability to interact in detergent-free systems to solubilize large heterogeneous vesicles into homogenous disc-like structures known as SMA lipid nanoparticles (SMALPS). SMALPS have been used in an array of biophysical techniques for many systems. In this book chapter, we will highlight both the chemical properties of SMA polymers and the multiple biophysical applications of the polymers. The future applications of the polymers and new potential methodologies will be discussed as well.
Abstract
One of the most difficult aspects to studying membrane proteins is mimicking the native lipid bilayer while maintaining the structure and function of the protein. A promising new structural biology tool exists to mimic the native lipid bilayer while maintaining protein integrity using styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymers. SMA polymers have shown the ability to interact in detergent-free systems to solubilize large heterogeneous vesicles into homogenous disc-like structures known as SMA lipid nanoparticles (SMALPS). SMALPS have been used in an array of biophysical techniques for many systems. In this book chapter, we will highlight both the chemical properties of SMA polymers and the multiple biophysical applications of the polymers. The future applications of the polymers and new potential methodologies will be discussed as well.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of contributing authors XIII
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Part I. Structural and dynamic characterization
- 1. Biophysical perspectives of lipid membranes through the optics of neutron and X-ray scattering 1
- 2. X-ray structure analysis of lipid membrane systems: solid-supported bilayers, bilayer stacks, and vesicles 43
- 3. Structural investigations of membrane-associated proteins by neutron reflectometry 87
- 4. Collective dynamics in model biological membranes measured by neutron spin echo spectroscopy 131
- 5. Spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants 177
- 6. Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and its applications 195
- 7. Collective dynamics in lipid membranes 231
- 8. Mapping protein– and peptide–membrane interactions by atomic force microscopy: strategies and opportunities 269
- 9. Imaging the distributions of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane with high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry 287
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Part II. Biomimetic, biorelated, or biological systems
- 10. Cholesterol in model membranes 325
- 11. Study of mitochondrial membrane structure and dynamics on the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane processes 365
- 12. Monitoring oxygen-sensitive membranes and vitamin E as an antioxidant 391
- 13. Giant vesicles: A biomimetic tool for assessing membrane material properties and interactions 415
- 14. Formation and properties of asymmetric lipid vesicles prepared using cyclodextrin-catalyzed lipid exchange 441
- 15. Application and characterization of asymmetric-supported membranes 465
- 16. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers: a new tool for membrane biophysics 477
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Part III. Molecular dynamics – simulation and theory
- 17. On the origin of “Rafts”: The plasma membrane as a microemulsion 499
- 18. Combining experiment and simulation to study complex biomimetic membranes 515
- 19. Simulations of biological membranes with the Martini model 551
- 20. Multiscale modeling of lipid membrane 569
- 21. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of small molecules interacting with cell membranes 603
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of contributing authors XIII
-
Part I. Structural and dynamic characterization
- 1. Biophysical perspectives of lipid membranes through the optics of neutron and X-ray scattering 1
- 2. X-ray structure analysis of lipid membrane systems: solid-supported bilayers, bilayer stacks, and vesicles 43
- 3. Structural investigations of membrane-associated proteins by neutron reflectometry 87
- 4. Collective dynamics in model biological membranes measured by neutron spin echo spectroscopy 131
- 5. Spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants 177
- 6. Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and its applications 195
- 7. Collective dynamics in lipid membranes 231
- 8. Mapping protein– and peptide–membrane interactions by atomic force microscopy: strategies and opportunities 269
- 9. Imaging the distributions of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane with high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry 287
-
Part II. Biomimetic, biorelated, or biological systems
- 10. Cholesterol in model membranes 325
- 11. Study of mitochondrial membrane structure and dynamics on the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane processes 365
- 12. Monitoring oxygen-sensitive membranes and vitamin E as an antioxidant 391
- 13. Giant vesicles: A biomimetic tool for assessing membrane material properties and interactions 415
- 14. Formation and properties of asymmetric lipid vesicles prepared using cyclodextrin-catalyzed lipid exchange 441
- 15. Application and characterization of asymmetric-supported membranes 465
- 16. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers: a new tool for membrane biophysics 477
-
Part III. Molecular dynamics – simulation and theory
- 17. On the origin of “Rafts”: The plasma membrane as a microemulsion 499
- 18. Combining experiment and simulation to study complex biomimetic membranes 515
- 19. Simulations of biological membranes with the Martini model 551
- 20. Multiscale modeling of lipid membrane 569
- 21. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of small molecules interacting with cell membranes 603
