5. Spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants
-
Yan Xia
Abstract
This chapter will introduce three different experimental approaches to measure spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants between lipid bilayers, including timeresolved small angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The basic principle of TR-SANS and DSC is applicable if the neutron scattering length density (NSLD) (in the case of TRSANS) or melting transition temperature (in the case of DSC) of the lipid in study is sufficiently different fromthat of its deuterated counterpart.Withminimal disturbance of the chemical properties of the systemusing the isotope molecules, these two approaches presumably yield more accurate lipid transfer rate constant than the outcome obtained from FCS, which requires the use of fluorophores having a similar chemical structure of the lipid in study. Examples of measuring lipid transfer rate constants will be demonstrated in two well-defined nanoparticles (NPs), discoidal bicelles and unilamellar vesicles (ULVs). At the end of this chapter, we summarize the pros and cons of each method in order to provide the researchers with the principles of selecting the appropriate method for the systems of their interest.
Abstract
This chapter will introduce three different experimental approaches to measure spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants between lipid bilayers, including timeresolved small angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The basic principle of TR-SANS and DSC is applicable if the neutron scattering length density (NSLD) (in the case of TRSANS) or melting transition temperature (in the case of DSC) of the lipid in study is sufficiently different fromthat of its deuterated counterpart.Withminimal disturbance of the chemical properties of the systemusing the isotope molecules, these two approaches presumably yield more accurate lipid transfer rate constant than the outcome obtained from FCS, which requires the use of fluorophores having a similar chemical structure of the lipid in study. Examples of measuring lipid transfer rate constants will be demonstrated in two well-defined nanoparticles (NPs), discoidal bicelles and unilamellar vesicles (ULVs). At the end of this chapter, we summarize the pros and cons of each method in order to provide the researchers with the principles of selecting the appropriate method for the systems of their interest.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of contributing authors XIII
-
Part I. Structural and dynamic characterization
- 1. Biophysical perspectives of lipid membranes through the optics of neutron and X-ray scattering 1
- 2. X-ray structure analysis of lipid membrane systems: solid-supported bilayers, bilayer stacks, and vesicles 43
- 3. Structural investigations of membrane-associated proteins by neutron reflectometry 87
- 4. Collective dynamics in model biological membranes measured by neutron spin echo spectroscopy 131
- 5. Spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants 177
- 6. Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and its applications 195
- 7. Collective dynamics in lipid membranes 231
- 8. Mapping protein– and peptide–membrane interactions by atomic force microscopy: strategies and opportunities 269
- 9. Imaging the distributions of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane with high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry 287
-
Part II. Biomimetic, biorelated, or biological systems
- 10. Cholesterol in model membranes 325
- 11. Study of mitochondrial membrane structure and dynamics on the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane processes 365
- 12. Monitoring oxygen-sensitive membranes and vitamin E as an antioxidant 391
- 13. Giant vesicles: A biomimetic tool for assessing membrane material properties and interactions 415
- 14. Formation and properties of asymmetric lipid vesicles prepared using cyclodextrin-catalyzed lipid exchange 441
- 15. Application and characterization of asymmetric-supported membranes 465
- 16. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers: a new tool for membrane biophysics 477
-
Part III. Molecular dynamics – simulation and theory
- 17. On the origin of “Rafts”: The plasma membrane as a microemulsion 499
- 18. Combining experiment and simulation to study complex biomimetic membranes 515
- 19. Simulations of biological membranes with the Martini model 551
- 20. Multiscale modeling of lipid membrane 569
- 21. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of small molecules interacting with cell membranes 603
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents IX
- List of contributing authors XIII
-
Part I. Structural and dynamic characterization
- 1. Biophysical perspectives of lipid membranes through the optics of neutron and X-ray scattering 1
- 2. X-ray structure analysis of lipid membrane systems: solid-supported bilayers, bilayer stacks, and vesicles 43
- 3. Structural investigations of membrane-associated proteins by neutron reflectometry 87
- 4. Collective dynamics in model biological membranes measured by neutron spin echo spectroscopy 131
- 5. Spontaneous lipid transfer rate constants 177
- 6. Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and its applications 195
- 7. Collective dynamics in lipid membranes 231
- 8. Mapping protein– and peptide–membrane interactions by atomic force microscopy: strategies and opportunities 269
- 9. Imaging the distributions of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane with high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry 287
-
Part II. Biomimetic, biorelated, or biological systems
- 10. Cholesterol in model membranes 325
- 11. Study of mitochondrial membrane structure and dynamics on the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial membrane processes 365
- 12. Monitoring oxygen-sensitive membranes and vitamin E as an antioxidant 391
- 13. Giant vesicles: A biomimetic tool for assessing membrane material properties and interactions 415
- 14. Formation and properties of asymmetric lipid vesicles prepared using cyclodextrin-catalyzed lipid exchange 441
- 15. Application and characterization of asymmetric-supported membranes 465
- 16. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers: a new tool for membrane biophysics 477
-
Part III. Molecular dynamics – simulation and theory
- 17. On the origin of “Rafts”: The plasma membrane as a microemulsion 499
- 18. Combining experiment and simulation to study complex biomimetic membranes 515
- 19. Simulations of biological membranes with the Martini model 551
- 20. Multiscale modeling of lipid membrane 569
- 21. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of small molecules interacting with cell membranes 603
