Teichoscopies in classical and late antique epic
Abstract
Teichoscopy is a favourite and very problematic narrative device from the outset of the epic tradition onwards. In Iliad 3, Helen is looking at the battlefield from Troy’s walls: she watches the duel between Menelaus and Paris, and, at the same time, informs Priam about other Greek heroes. In so doing, she embodies several roles (spectator, addressee, but also ‘author’ and actor), problematising her own status as narrative character. Teichoscopy opens a new window on the stage of action and stands as a ‘free zone’, or rather a complementary ingredient of the primary level of narration. It provides readers with the internal eye of a character who, from her (more often than his) peculiar viewpoint, reacts emotionally to the spectacle of war. This affects the epic objectivity in various ways and to a varying degree. It raises thematic questions that can even introduce crucial turning points within the plot. After surveying the multiple implications of the Homeric episode, “the original moment of epic teichoscopy” (Lovatt, 2013, 220), this paper will seek to pinpoint the most important steps of its reception in Graeco-Roman literature until Late Antiquity (Quintus of Smyrna and Nonnus of Panopolis). The strong transgeneric quality of teichoscopies is exemplified by their presence in tragedy (e.g. Euripides’ Phoenissae) and their consequent ‘specialisation’ as a setting for stories of forbidden love in Hellenistic and Augustan love poetry (Parthenius of Nicaea and Propertius). Particular attention will be given to the Flavian epic revival of the first century AD, when - like other ‘Homeric situations’ previously exploited by other genres - teichoscopy again enters the field of poetic war narrative: examples include Valerius Flaccus’ Argonautica 6 (following in the footsteps of Ov. met. 8.6-151), Statius’ Thebaid 4, 5, and 7 - a notable modification of the topic -, and Silius’ Punica 12.
Abstract
Teichoscopy is a favourite and very problematic narrative device from the outset of the epic tradition onwards. In Iliad 3, Helen is looking at the battlefield from Troy’s walls: she watches the duel between Menelaus and Paris, and, at the same time, informs Priam about other Greek heroes. In so doing, she embodies several roles (spectator, addressee, but also ‘author’ and actor), problematising her own status as narrative character. Teichoscopy opens a new window on the stage of action and stands as a ‘free zone’, or rather a complementary ingredient of the primary level of narration. It provides readers with the internal eye of a character who, from her (more often than his) peculiar viewpoint, reacts emotionally to the spectacle of war. This affects the epic objectivity in various ways and to a varying degree. It raises thematic questions that can even introduce crucial turning points within the plot. After surveying the multiple implications of the Homeric episode, “the original moment of epic teichoscopy” (Lovatt, 2013, 220), this paper will seek to pinpoint the most important steps of its reception in Graeco-Roman literature until Late Antiquity (Quintus of Smyrna and Nonnus of Panopolis). The strong transgeneric quality of teichoscopies is exemplified by their presence in tragedy (e.g. Euripides’ Phoenissae) and their consequent ‘specialisation’ as a setting for stories of forbidden love in Hellenistic and Augustan love poetry (Parthenius of Nicaea and Propertius). Particular attention will be given to the Flavian epic revival of the first century AD, when - like other ‘Homeric situations’ previously exploited by other genres - teichoscopy again enters the field of poetic war narrative: examples include Valerius Flaccus’ Argonautica 6 (following in the footsteps of Ov. met. 8.6-151), Statius’ Thebaid 4, 5, and 7 - a notable modification of the topic -, and Silius’ Punica 12.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgements V
- Contents IX
- Introduction 1
-
Part I: Theories of epic
- Ancient and modern theories of epic 25
- The narrative forms and mythological materials of classical epic 51
- Learning the epic formula 81
- Narratology and classical epic 99
- Epic and rhetoric 115
- Alexandrian book division and its reception in Greek and Roman epic 133
-
Part II: Classification and genre
- Intergeneric influences and interactions 167
- History and myth in Graeco-Roman epic 193
- Didactic and epic: origins, continuity, and interactions 213
- Ovid’s Metamorphoses: the naughty boy of the Graeco-Roman epic tradition 275
- Epic fragments 317
- Narrative patterns and structural elements in Greek epyllia 357
- Epic structures in classical and post-classical Roman epyllia 443
-
Part III: Core structures
- The invocation of the Muses and the plea for inspiration 489
- Closure and segmentation: endings, medial proems, book divisions 531
- ‘Almost-episodes’ in Greek and Roman epic 565
- Aetiology and genealogy in ancient epic 609
- Epic catalogues 653
- Similes and comparisons in the epic tradition 727
- Artefact ekphrasis and narrative in epic poetry from Homer to Silius 773
- Indices 807
- Front Matter 2 I
- Contents V
-
Part I: Battle scenes
- Battle scenes in ancient epic – a short introduction 3
- Arming scenes, war preparation, and spoils in ancient epic 13
- Simply the best? Epic aristeiai 39
- Single combat in ancient epic 77
- Mass combat in ancient epic 111
- Chain-combats in ancient epic 159
- Teichoscopies in classical and late antique epic 207
- Nyktomachies in Graeco-Roman epic 245
- Theomachy in Greek and Roman epic 283
- Naval battles in Greek and Roman epic 317
- River battles in Greek and Roman epic 355
- Flight, pursuit, breach of contract, and ceasefire in classical epic 391
- Epic games: structure and competition 409
- Death, wounds, and violence in ancient epic 447
- Death, ritual, and burial from Homer to the Flavians 483
- Indices 523
- Front Matter 3 I
- Contents V
-
Part II: Journeys and related scenes
- Epic journeys and related scenes – a short introduction 3
- Arrival and reception scenes in the epic tradition from Homer to Silius 13
- Banquet scenes in ancient epic 55
- Scenes of departure by sea in the epic tradition from Homer to Silius 89
- Sea-storms in ancient epic 125
-
Part III: Time
- Time in ancient epic – a short introduction 171
- Time in Greek epic 183
- ‘Time as such’: chronotopes and periphrases of time in Latin epic 215
-
Part IV: Space
- An introduction to the concept of space in ancient epic 245
- Cities in ancient epic 261
- Landscapes in Greek epic 303
- Landscapes in Latin epic 325
- Mythical places in ancient epic 361
- Abodes of the gods in ancient epic 409
- Abodes of the dead in ancient epic 433
-
Part V: Communication
- Principles of communication in Greek and Roman epic-a short introduction 471
- Messenger scenes in Greek epic 481
- Messenger scenes in Roman epic 501
- Dream scenes in ancient epic 563
- Prophecies in Greek epic 597
- Prophecies in Roman epic 615
- Apparition scenes in ancient epic 685
- Divine council scenes in ancient epic 719
- Necromancies in ancient epic 747
- Indices 799
- Front Matter 4 I
- Contents V
- The origin, tradition, and reinvention of epic structures – a short introduction 1
- Poetic form and narrative theme in early Greek and Akkadian epic 7
- The transformation of the epic genre in Late Antiquity 25
- Greek biblical epic: Nonnus’ Paraphrase and Eudocia’s Homerocentones 53
- Between imitation and transformation: the (un)conventional use of epic structures in the Latin biblical poetry of Late Antiquity 79
- Epic forms and structures in late antique Vergilian centos 135
- The tradition of epic poetry in Byzantine literature 175
- Medieval epicity and the deconstruction of classical epic 211
- Narrative structures in Neo-Latin epic from 1440 to 1500 257
- Narrative structures in Neo-Latin epic: 16th–19th century 301
- Experiments in digital publishing: creating a digital compendium 331
- Overview: Graeco-Roman epyllia and epics from Homer to Late Antiquity 349
- Core bibliography 357
- Indices 389
- List of contributors 417
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgements V
- Contents IX
- Introduction 1
-
Part I: Theories of epic
- Ancient and modern theories of epic 25
- The narrative forms and mythological materials of classical epic 51
- Learning the epic formula 81
- Narratology and classical epic 99
- Epic and rhetoric 115
- Alexandrian book division and its reception in Greek and Roman epic 133
-
Part II: Classification and genre
- Intergeneric influences and interactions 167
- History and myth in Graeco-Roman epic 193
- Didactic and epic: origins, continuity, and interactions 213
- Ovid’s Metamorphoses: the naughty boy of the Graeco-Roman epic tradition 275
- Epic fragments 317
- Narrative patterns and structural elements in Greek epyllia 357
- Epic structures in classical and post-classical Roman epyllia 443
-
Part III: Core structures
- The invocation of the Muses and the plea for inspiration 489
- Closure and segmentation: endings, medial proems, book divisions 531
- ‘Almost-episodes’ in Greek and Roman epic 565
- Aetiology and genealogy in ancient epic 609
- Epic catalogues 653
- Similes and comparisons in the epic tradition 727
- Artefact ekphrasis and narrative in epic poetry from Homer to Silius 773
- Indices 807
- Front Matter 2 I
- Contents V
-
Part I: Battle scenes
- Battle scenes in ancient epic – a short introduction 3
- Arming scenes, war preparation, and spoils in ancient epic 13
- Simply the best? Epic aristeiai 39
- Single combat in ancient epic 77
- Mass combat in ancient epic 111
- Chain-combats in ancient epic 159
- Teichoscopies in classical and late antique epic 207
- Nyktomachies in Graeco-Roman epic 245
- Theomachy in Greek and Roman epic 283
- Naval battles in Greek and Roman epic 317
- River battles in Greek and Roman epic 355
- Flight, pursuit, breach of contract, and ceasefire in classical epic 391
- Epic games: structure and competition 409
- Death, wounds, and violence in ancient epic 447
- Death, ritual, and burial from Homer to the Flavians 483
- Indices 523
- Front Matter 3 I
- Contents V
-
Part II: Journeys and related scenes
- Epic journeys and related scenes – a short introduction 3
- Arrival and reception scenes in the epic tradition from Homer to Silius 13
- Banquet scenes in ancient epic 55
- Scenes of departure by sea in the epic tradition from Homer to Silius 89
- Sea-storms in ancient epic 125
-
Part III: Time
- Time in ancient epic – a short introduction 171
- Time in Greek epic 183
- ‘Time as such’: chronotopes and periphrases of time in Latin epic 215
-
Part IV: Space
- An introduction to the concept of space in ancient epic 245
- Cities in ancient epic 261
- Landscapes in Greek epic 303
- Landscapes in Latin epic 325
- Mythical places in ancient epic 361
- Abodes of the gods in ancient epic 409
- Abodes of the dead in ancient epic 433
-
Part V: Communication
- Principles of communication in Greek and Roman epic-a short introduction 471
- Messenger scenes in Greek epic 481
- Messenger scenes in Roman epic 501
- Dream scenes in ancient epic 563
- Prophecies in Greek epic 597
- Prophecies in Roman epic 615
- Apparition scenes in ancient epic 685
- Divine council scenes in ancient epic 719
- Necromancies in ancient epic 747
- Indices 799
- Front Matter 4 I
- Contents V
- The origin, tradition, and reinvention of epic structures – a short introduction 1
- Poetic form and narrative theme in early Greek and Akkadian epic 7
- The transformation of the epic genre in Late Antiquity 25
- Greek biblical epic: Nonnus’ Paraphrase and Eudocia’s Homerocentones 53
- Between imitation and transformation: the (un)conventional use of epic structures in the Latin biblical poetry of Late Antiquity 79
- Epic forms and structures in late antique Vergilian centos 135
- The tradition of epic poetry in Byzantine literature 175
- Medieval epicity and the deconstruction of classical epic 211
- Narrative structures in Neo-Latin epic from 1440 to 1500 257
- Narrative structures in Neo-Latin epic: 16th–19th century 301
- Experiments in digital publishing: creating a digital compendium 331
- Overview: Graeco-Roman epyllia and epics from Homer to Late Antiquity 349
- Core bibliography 357
- Indices 389
- List of contributors 417