Startseite 23. Science communication, advising, and advocacy in public debates
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23. Science communication, advising, and advocacy in public debates

  • Philipp Schrögel und Christian Humm
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Science Communication
Ein Kapitel aus dem Buch Science Communication

Abstract

Traditional scientific policy advice used to happen behind closed doors in advisory bodies as a dialogue between scientists and policy-makers. The respective models for the interaction are basic linear arrangements assigning clear roles and primacy to one of the sides. However, these processes have been opened up following public pressure for more participation and deliberative decision-making models. Today, increasingly complex policy-decisions, like the assessment of climate change and the necessary actions to be taken, require more scientific input. At the same time, the medialization of politics and science has led to an intensified, more diverse multi- actor communication landscape. Correspondingly, also science communication does not happen in an isolated sphere, but takes place in the middle of political and societal debates - science communication is seen by some as political communication. The questions presented here are not new, but still intensely debated: What constitutes neutral science communication or policy advice and what partisan advocacy? Can so-called “scientific facts” and values be separated from each other at all? To which degree should scientists actively advocate for policy-decisions - or should they not do so? While the discussion is primarily led normatively, empirical evidence on the effects of scientific advocacy on citizens and on politicians is sparse and not painting a clear picture in this respect. This article portrays the development of the science- policy nexus and presents an overview on empirical research and the different perspectives on science advice and advocacy.

Abstract

Traditional scientific policy advice used to happen behind closed doors in advisory bodies as a dialogue between scientists and policy-makers. The respective models for the interaction are basic linear arrangements assigning clear roles and primacy to one of the sides. However, these processes have been opened up following public pressure for more participation and deliberative decision-making models. Today, increasingly complex policy-decisions, like the assessment of climate change and the necessary actions to be taken, require more scientific input. At the same time, the medialization of politics and science has led to an intensified, more diverse multi- actor communication landscape. Correspondingly, also science communication does not happen in an isolated sphere, but takes place in the middle of political and societal debates - science communication is seen by some as political communication. The questions presented here are not new, but still intensely debated: What constitutes neutral science communication or policy advice and what partisan advocacy? Can so-called “scientific facts” and values be separated from each other at all? To which degree should scientists actively advocate for policy-decisions - or should they not do so? While the discussion is primarily led normatively, empirical evidence on the effects of scientific advocacy on citizens and on politicians is sparse and not painting a clear picture in this respect. This article portrays the development of the science- policy nexus and presents an overview on empirical research and the different perspectives on science advice and advocacy.

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Table of contents VII
  4. Introduction to the volume XI
  5. I. Perspectives of research on scholarly and science communication
  6. 1. Philosophy of science for science communication in twenty-two questions 3
  7. 2. Science understanding between scientific literacy and trust: contributions from psychological and educational research 29
  8. 3. The contribution of media studies to the understanding of science communication 51
  9. 4. Analyzing science communication through the lens of communication science: Reviewing the empirical evidence 77
  10. 5. Modeling science communication: from linear to more complex models 105
  11. 6. The contribution of laboratory studies, science studies and Science and Technology Studies (STS) to the understanding of scientific communication 123
  12. 7. The contribution of linguistics and semiotics to the understanding of science communication 143
  13. 8. The contribution of terminology research to the understanding of science communication 167
  14. 9. The study of student academic writing 187
  15. II. Text types, media, and practices of science communication
  16. 10. Epistemic genres 209
  17. 11. On the nature and role of visual representations in knowledge production and science communication 235
  18. 12. The lecture and the presentation – rhetorics and technology 257
  19. 13. Spoken language in science and the humanities 271
  20. 14. Scholarly reviewing 289
  21. 15. Scientific controversies 311
  22. 16. Symbolic notation in scientific communication: a panorama 335
  23. 17. The rise of symbolic notation in scientific communication: the case of mathematics 357
  24. 18. Grant proposal writing as a dialogic process 377
  25. III. Science, scientists, and the public
  26. 19. Communicative strategies of popularization of science (including science exhibitions, museums, magazines) 399
  27. 20. Science journalism 417
  28. 21. Teaching science journalism as a blueprint for future journalism education 439
  29. 22. Science communication and public relations: beyond borders 465
  30. 23. Science communication, advising, and advocacy in public debates 485
  31. 24. Forms of science presentations in public settings 515
  32. IV. Historical perspectives on science communication
  33. 25. Historical perspectives on internal scientific communication 547
  34. 26. Academic teaching: the lecture and the disputation in the history of erudition and science 569
  35. 27. Historical aspects of external science communication 585
  36. V. Science communication: present and future
  37. 28. Reconfigurations of science communication research in the digital age 603
  38. 29. The library in a changing world of scientific communication 625
  39. 30. Scholarly communication in social media 639
  40. 31. Current trends and future visions of (research on) science communication 657
  41. Contributors to this volume 689
  42. Index 697
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110255522-023

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Preface V
  3. Table of contents VII
  4. Introduction to the volume XI
  5. I. Perspectives of research on scholarly and science communication
  6. 1. Philosophy of science for science communication in twenty-two questions 3
  7. 2. Science understanding between scientific literacy and trust: contributions from psychological and educational research 29
  8. 3. The contribution of media studies to the understanding of science communication 51
  9. 4. Analyzing science communication through the lens of communication science: Reviewing the empirical evidence 77
  10. 5. Modeling science communication: from linear to more complex models 105
  11. 6. The contribution of laboratory studies, science studies and Science and Technology Studies (STS) to the understanding of scientific communication 123
  12. 7. The contribution of linguistics and semiotics to the understanding of science communication 143
  13. 8. The contribution of terminology research to the understanding of science communication 167
  14. 9. The study of student academic writing 187
  15. II. Text types, media, and practices of science communication
  16. 10. Epistemic genres 209
  17. 11. On the nature and role of visual representations in knowledge production and science communication 235
  18. 12. The lecture and the presentation – rhetorics and technology 257
  19. 13. Spoken language in science and the humanities 271
  20. 14. Scholarly reviewing 289
  21. 15. Scientific controversies 311
  22. 16. Symbolic notation in scientific communication: a panorama 335
  23. 17. The rise of symbolic notation in scientific communication: the case of mathematics 357
  24. 18. Grant proposal writing as a dialogic process 377
  25. III. Science, scientists, and the public
  26. 19. Communicative strategies of popularization of science (including science exhibitions, museums, magazines) 399
  27. 20. Science journalism 417
  28. 21. Teaching science journalism as a blueprint for future journalism education 439
  29. 22. Science communication and public relations: beyond borders 465
  30. 23. Science communication, advising, and advocacy in public debates 485
  31. 24. Forms of science presentations in public settings 515
  32. IV. Historical perspectives on science communication
  33. 25. Historical perspectives on internal scientific communication 547
  34. 26. Academic teaching: the lecture and the disputation in the history of erudition and science 569
  35. 27. Historical aspects of external science communication 585
  36. V. Science communication: present and future
  37. 28. Reconfigurations of science communication research in the digital age 603
  38. 29. The library in a changing world of scientific communication 625
  39. 30. Scholarly communication in social media 639
  40. 31. Current trends and future visions of (research on) science communication 657
  41. Contributors to this volume 689
  42. Index 697
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Heruntergeladen am 31.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110255522-023/html
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