A Conceptual Lexicon for Classical Confucian Philosophy
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Roger T. Ames
About this book
Uses a comparative hermeneutical method to explain the most important terms in the classical Confucian philosophical texts, in an effort to allow the tradition to speak on its own terms.
Uses a comparative hermeneutical method to explain the most important terms in the classical Confucian philosophical texts, in an effort to allow the tradition to speak on its own terms.
Over the years, Roger T. Ames and his collaborators have consistently argued for a processual understanding of Chinese natural cosmology made explicit in the Book of Changes. It is this way of thinking, captured in its own interpretive context with the expression "continuities in change" (biantong) that has shaped the grammar of the Chinese language and informs the key philosophical vocabulary of Confucian philosophy. Over the past several centuries of cultural encounter, the formula established by the early missionaries for the translation of classical Chinese texts into Western languages has resulted in a Christian conversion of Confucian texts that is still very much with us today. And more recently, the invention of a new Chinese language to synchronize East Asian cultures with Western modernity has become another obstacle in our reading of the Confucian canons. This volume, a companion volume to A Sourcebook in Classical Confucian Philosophy, employs a comparative hermeneutical method in an attempt to explain the Confucian terms of art and to take the Confucian tradition on its own terms.
Author / Editor information
Roger T. Ames is Humanities Chair Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Peking University. His published works include translations of the Chinese philosophical canons and several interpretive studies.
Roger T. Ames is Humanities Chair Professor in the Philosophy Department at Peking University in China and Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the University of Hawaii. His published works include collaborations on translations of the Chinese philosophical canons and several interpretive studies.
Reviews
"The volume is not only of scholarly intensity and rigid but also of highly responsible originality. It provides building blocks that should attract curious and critical readers interested in Chinese philosophy as a guide to life." — Religious Studies Review
Topics
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Front Matter
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Table of Contents
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Introduction
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霸 ba. “Hegemon.” See 王wang. “King, True King.”
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本 ben. “Root, trunk.”
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誠 cheng. “Sincerity, with integrity, resolve, (co-) creativity.”
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恥 chi. “A sense of shame.”
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道 dao. “The proper way, way-making, dao.”
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德 de. “Moral virtuosity, excelling morally, virtuality.”
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惡 e. “ Rudeness, uncouthness, nasty, ugly, unrefined, base.”
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法 fa. “Standards, norms, laws, models.”
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和 he. “Optimal harmony, optimizing symbiosis.”
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幾 ji. “Inchoate, incipient beginnings.”
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祭 ji. “Sacrificing, sacrifice.”
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諫 jian. “Remonstrating, remonstrance.” See also 孝 xiao “Family reverence, filial piety.”
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兼愛 jian’ai. “Inclusive care, inclusive concern.”
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教 jiao. “Teaching, education.”
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精神 jingshen. “Spirituality, vigor, vitality, mystery.” See also 神 shen. “Heavenly gods, ancestors, spirituality, vigor, vitality, mystery.”
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敬 jing. “Respecting, revering, seriousness.”
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靜 jing. “Sustained equilibrium.”
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君子 junzi. “Exemplary persons, ruler, prince, lord.”
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樂 le (also pronounced yao when transitive). “Enjoyment, making the music of enjoyment.”
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類 lei. “Categories, groupings.” See also 倫 lun. “Order, relation, category, class,” 理li. “Patterning, coherence,” and 象 xiang. “Figuring, figuring out, configuring, figure, imaging, imagining, image.”
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禮 li. “Ritual propriety in one’s roles and relations, ritual practices, ‘social grammar, rites, customs, etiquette, propriety, morals, rules of proper behavior, reverence’.”
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理 li. “Patterning, coherence.” See also 類 lei. “Categories, groupings,” 倫 lun. “Order, relation, category, class,” and 象 xiang. “Figuring, figuring out, configuring, figure, imaging, imagining, image.”
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利 li. “Benefitting, profiting, personal advantage.” See also 義 yi. “Optimal appropriateness, meaning.”
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倫 lun. “Order, relation, category, class.” See also 理 li. “Patterning, coherence,” 類 lei. “Categories, groupings,” and 象 xiang. “Figuring, figuring out, configuring, figure, imaging, imagining, image.”
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美 mei. “Beautiful.”
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民 min. “The common people.”
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命 ming.“Commanding, ordering, command, mandate, the propensity of things, the force of circumstances.”
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明 ming. “Acuity, brilliance.”
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名 ming. “Naming, making a name for yourself, reputation.” See also 正名 zhengming. “Using names properly.”
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內外 neiwai. “Inner and outer, inside and outside.” See also 心 xin. “Heartmind, bodyheartminding, thinking and feeling.”
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氣 qi. “Vital energy, qi.” See also 生 sheng. “Living, growing, birthing,” and 勢 shi. “Purchase, momentum, configuration.”
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情 qing. “Emotions, passions, feelings, the way things are, situation, circumstances.”
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仁 ren. “Consummate persons, consummate conduct.”
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儒 ru. “Confucianism, Ruism, scholar-teacher, literati tradition.”
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善 shan. “Felicity, efficacy, behaving well, auspicious conduct.”
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上帝 shangdi.“High god(s).” See also 祭 ji. “Sacrificing, sacrifice.”
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神 shen. “Heavenly gods, ancestors, spirituality, vigor, vitality, mystery.”
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身 shen. “Lived, social body.” See 體 ti. “Lived body, discursive body, embodying.” 仁 ren. “Consummate persons, consummate conduct.”
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生 sheng. “Living, growing, birthing.” See also 氣 qi. “Vital energy, qi,” and 勢 shi. “Purchase, momentum, configuration.”
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聖(人) sheng or shengren. “Sage, sagacity.”
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慎其獨 shenqidu. “Internalizing and consolidating virtuosic conduct as one’s habituated disposition for action, being circumspect when dwelling alone.
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士 shi. “Warrior, retainer, knight, scholar-official.”
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勢 shi. “Purchase, momentum, configuration.” See also 氣 qi. “Vital energy, qi,” and 生 sheng. “Living, growing, birthing.”
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始 shi. “Fetal beginning, natal beginning, genealogical beginning.”
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恕 shu. “Putting oneself in the other’s place, deference, empathy, dramatic rehearsal.”
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術 shu. “Techniques of rulership.”
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思 si. “Thinking, reflecting.”
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四端 siduan. “The four inclinations.” See also 心 xin. “Heartmind, bodyheartminding, thinking and feeling,” and 性 xing. “Natural human propensities.”
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太極 taiji. “The furthest reach.”
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體 ti. “Lived body, discursive body, embodying.”
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天 tian. “Tian, conventionally ‘Heaven.’” See also 聖 (人) sheng or shengren . “Sage, sagacity,” and 上 帝 shangdi. “High god(s).”
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天命 tianming. See 命 ming.
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天志 tianzhi. “The purposes or intent of tian. ” See also 天 tian. “Tian, conventionally ‘Heaven.’”
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體用 tiyong. “Reforming and functioning, transform-ing.”
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同 tong. “Sameness, similarity.” See also 聖(人) sheng or shengren. “Sage, sagacity.”
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王 wang. “King, True King.”
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萬物 wanwu. “The ten thousand things, the ten thousand processes or events, the myriad things or happenings.”
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文 wen. “The written word, patterns, culture, refinement, King Wen.” See also 文化 wenhua. “Culture, enculturation.”
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文化 wenhua. “Culture, enculturation.” See also 文 wen. “The written word, patterns, culture, refinement, King Wen.”
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無 wu. See 有無 youwu.
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無極 wuji. See 太極 taiji.
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無爲 wuwei. “Noncoercive acting.”
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五行 wuxing. “Five modes of virtuosic conduct, the five phases.” See also 氣 qi. “Vital energy, qi,” 體 用 tiyong. “Reforming and functioning, transform-ing,” and 陰陽 yinyang. “ Yin and yang.”
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象 xiang. “Figuring, figuring out, configuring, figure, imaging, imagining, image.” See also 理 li. “Patterning, coherence,” 類 lei. “Categories, groupings,” 倫 lun. “Order, relation, category, class.”
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孝 xiao. “Family reverence, filial piety.”
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小人 xiaoren. “Petty and mean persons.” See 君子 junzi. “Exemplary persons, ruler, prince, lord.”
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孝悌 xiaoti.“Family reverence and fraternal deference.” See 孝 xiao. “Family reverence, filial piety.”
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心 xin. “Heartmind, bodyheartminding, thinking and feeling.” See also 性 xing. “Natural human propensities,” 四端 siduan. “The four inclinations,” and 內外 neiwai. “Inner and outer, inside and outside.”
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信 xin. “Making good on one’s word, living up to one’s word.”
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性 xing. “Natural human propensities.” See also 心 xin. “Heartmind, bodyheartminding, thinking and feeling,” 四端 siduan. “The four inclinations.”
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虛 xu. “Emptiness.”
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學 xue. “Teaching and learning.”
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易 yi. “Changing, exchanging, ease.”
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一 yi. “One, uniqueness, continuity.”
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義 yi. “Optimal appropriateness, meaning.”
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陰陽 yinyang. “Yin and yang.” See also 五行 wuxing. “Five modes of virtuosic conduct, the five phases,” 氣 qi. “Vital energy, qi,” and 體用 tiyong. “Reforming and functioning, transform-ing.”
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勇 yong. “Courage, bravery, vigor, vitality, boldness, fierceness.”
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友 you. “Friend, friendship.”
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有無 youwu. “Something and nothing, determinate and indeterminate, presence and absence.”
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樂 yue. “Music.” See le. 樂. “Enjoyment, making the music of enjoyment.”
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正 zheng. “Proper, acting properly.”
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政 zheng. “Proper governing, effecting sociopolitical order.”
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正名 zhengming. “Using names properly.” See also 名 ming. “Naming, making a name for yourself, reputation.”
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知/智 zhi.“Living wisely, realizing, wisdom, knowing.” See also 體 ti. “Lived body, discursive body, embodying.”
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志 zhi. See 天志 tianzhi. “The purposes or intent of tian.”
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直 zhi. See 德 de. “Moral virtuosity, excelling morally, virtuality.”
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質 zhi. “Native temperament, raw stuff, basic disposition.” See also 文 wen. “The written word, patterns, culture, refinement, King Wen.”
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自然 ziran. “Self-so-ing, so-of-itself, spontaneity.” See also 勢 shi. “Purchase, momentum, configuration.”
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中 zhong. “Center, balance, focus, equilibrium.”
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忠 zhong. “Conscientiousness, doing one’s utmost, loyalty.”
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中庸 zhongyong. “Focusing the familiar, hitting the mark in the everyday, making the ordinary extraordinary.”
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主客 zhuke. “Subject and object, subjectivity and objectivity.” See 內外 neiwai. “Inner and outer, inside and outside.”
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Bibliography of Earlier Glossaries
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Bibliography of Works Cited
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Acknowledgements
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