Implicit and explicit instruction in L2 learning
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Jaemyung Goo
Abstract
More than a decade has passed since Norris and Ortega’s (2000) seminal meta-analysis on the effectiveness of instruction in L2 learning. This line of research has matured for another research synthesis, which led to the present meta-analytic review. Thirty-four unique sample studies, in each of which explicit and implicit instructional treatments were compared, were retrieved and included in the present meta-analysis: 11 studies from Norris and Ortega’s meta-analysis and 23 new studies published between 1999 and 2011. Overall, explicit instruction was found to have been more effective than implicit instruction. The effectiveness of implicit and explicit instruction in L2 development was also meta-analyzed in terms of several moderator variables. We discuss our results in comparison with Norris and Ortega’s findings.
Abstract
More than a decade has passed since Norris and Ortega’s (2000) seminal meta-analysis on the effectiveness of instruction in L2 learning. This line of research has matured for another research synthesis, which led to the present meta-analytic review. Thirty-four unique sample studies, in each of which explicit and implicit instructional treatments were compared, were retrieved and included in the present meta-analysis: 11 studies from Norris and Ortega’s meta-analysis and 23 new studies published between 1999 and 2011. Overall, explicit instruction was found to have been more effective than implicit instruction. The effectiveness of implicit and explicit instruction in L2 development was also meta-analyzed in terms of several moderator variables. We discuss our results in comparison with Norris and Ortega’s findings.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Foreword vii
- List of contributors ix
-
Introduction
- Introduction xiii
-
Theoretical perspectives
- Implicit AND explicit language learning 3
- Explaining phenomena of first and second language acquisition with the constructs of implicit and explicit learning 25
- Implicit learning in SLA 47
- Semantic implicit learning 69
- What does current generative theory have to say about the explicit-implicit debate? 91
- Explicit knowledge about language in L2 learning 117
- The learnability of language 139
- Tracking multiple inputs 167
- Implicit statistical learning and language acquisition 191
- Implicit learning of non-adjacent dependencies 213
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Methodology
- Artificial grammar learning 249
- Challenges in implicit learning research 275
- Effects of conditions on L2 development 301
- Investigating implicit and explicit processing using L2 learners’ eye-movement data 325
- Contributions of event-related potential research to issues in explicit and implicit second language acquisition 349
-
Practical applications
- Implicit learning of a L2 morphosyntactic rule, and its relevance for language teaching 387
- Form-focused instruction and the measurement of implicit and explicit L2 knowledge 417
- Implicit and explicit instruction in L2 learning 443
- Index 483
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Foreword vii
- List of contributors ix
-
Introduction
- Introduction xiii
-
Theoretical perspectives
- Implicit AND explicit language learning 3
- Explaining phenomena of first and second language acquisition with the constructs of implicit and explicit learning 25
- Implicit learning in SLA 47
- Semantic implicit learning 69
- What does current generative theory have to say about the explicit-implicit debate? 91
- Explicit knowledge about language in L2 learning 117
- The learnability of language 139
- Tracking multiple inputs 167
- Implicit statistical learning and language acquisition 191
- Implicit learning of non-adjacent dependencies 213
-
Methodology
- Artificial grammar learning 249
- Challenges in implicit learning research 275
- Effects of conditions on L2 development 301
- Investigating implicit and explicit processing using L2 learners’ eye-movement data 325
- Contributions of event-related potential research to issues in explicit and implicit second language acquisition 349
-
Practical applications
- Implicit learning of a L2 morphosyntactic rule, and its relevance for language teaching 387
- Form-focused instruction and the measurement of implicit and explicit L2 knowledge 417
- Implicit and explicit instruction in L2 learning 443
- Index 483
