The relationship between identification and discrimination in cross-language perception
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Ratree Wayland
Abstract
The effects of stimulus presentation contexts on cross-language consonant category identification and category goodness rating were examined in two experiments. In Experiment 1, native Korean listeners’ identification and goodness ratings of Thai stop consonants were obtained under two conditions: ‘single’ and ‘triadic’ stimulus presentations. In the ‘single’ stimulus presentation, each target Thai stop consonant was presented in isolation for categorical identification and goodness rating, while the target stimulus (X) was presented between two other stimuli (A and B) in the ‘triadic’ stimulus presentation. Korean listeners’ identification data obtained under both presentation contexts were then used to generate ‘predicted’ discrimination scores. However, Korean listeners’ ‘actual’ (AXB) discrimination scores of Thai stop consonant contrasts were also obtained. The results indicated that the two stimulus presentation conditions (i.e., ‘triadic’ and ‘single’) did not affect the choice of modal categories with which the Thai consonants were identified and that native Korean listeners had no perceptual difficulty discriminating among Thai stop consonants. However, a slightly better fit between ‘actual’ and ‘predicted’ discrimination scores derived from the ‘triadic’ identification data was observed. On the other hand, the identification of Korean stop consonants obtained from the Thai listeners in Experiment 2 showed a strong effect of stimulus presentation contexts. Specifically, the identification of Korean lax /p/, /t/, and /k/ varied depending on whether they were presented in the context of an aspirated or a tense stop in the ‘triadic’ stimulus presentation format. Nonetheless, like the Korean listeners in Experiment 1, Thai listeners had no difficulty discriminating among Korean stops. In contrast with Experiment 1, however, a much stronger correlation between ‘actual’ and ‘predicted’ discrimination scores derived from Thai listeners’ ‘triadic’ identification data was observed.
Abstract
The effects of stimulus presentation contexts on cross-language consonant category identification and category goodness rating were examined in two experiments. In Experiment 1, native Korean listeners’ identification and goodness ratings of Thai stop consonants were obtained under two conditions: ‘single’ and ‘triadic’ stimulus presentations. In the ‘single’ stimulus presentation, each target Thai stop consonant was presented in isolation for categorical identification and goodness rating, while the target stimulus (X) was presented between two other stimuli (A and B) in the ‘triadic’ stimulus presentation. Korean listeners’ identification data obtained under both presentation contexts were then used to generate ‘predicted’ discrimination scores. However, Korean listeners’ ‘actual’ (AXB) discrimination scores of Thai stop consonant contrasts were also obtained. The results indicated that the two stimulus presentation conditions (i.e., ‘triadic’ and ‘single’) did not affect the choice of modal categories with which the Thai consonants were identified and that native Korean listeners had no perceptual difficulty discriminating among Thai stop consonants. However, a slightly better fit between ‘actual’ and ‘predicted’ discrimination scores derived from the ‘triadic’ identification data was observed. On the other hand, the identification of Korean stop consonants obtained from the Thai listeners in Experiment 2 showed a strong effect of stimulus presentation contexts. Specifically, the identification of Korean lax /p/, /t/, and /k/ varied depending on whether they were presented in the context of an aspirated or a tense stop in the ‘triadic’ stimulus presentation format. Nonetheless, like the Korean listeners in Experiment 1, Thai listeners had no difficulty discriminating among Korean stops. In contrast with Experiment 1, however, a much stronger correlation between ‘actual’ and ‘predicted’ discrimination scores derived from Thai listeners’ ‘triadic’ identification data was observed.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Dedication ix
- Alphabetical List of Contributors xi
- Acknowledgments xv
- Biographical Note xvii
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PART I: The nature of L2 speech learning
- The study of second language speech learning 3
- Nonnative and second-language speech perception 13
- Cross-language phonetic similarity of vowels 35
- Investigating the role of attention in phonetic learning 57
- You are what you eat phonetically 79
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PART II: The concept of foreign accent
- Nativelike pronunciation among late learners of French as a second language 99
- Second language acquisition of a regional dialect of American English by native Japanese speakers 117
- Acoustic variability and perceptual learning 135
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PART III: Consonants and vowels
- Strategies for Realization of L2-Categories 153
- Temporal remnants from Mandarin in nonnative English speech 167
- Cross-language consonant identification 185
- The relationship between identification and discrimination in cross-language perception 201
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PART IV: Beyond consonants and vowels
- Music and language learning 221
- Behavioral and cortical effects of learning a second language 239
- The perception of tones and phones 259
- Prosody in second language acquisition 281
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PART V: Emerging issues
- Implications of James E. Flege’s research for the foreign language classroom 301
- Speech learning, lexical reorganization, and the development of word recognition by native and non-native English speakers 315
- Phonemic errors in different word positions and their effects on intelligibility of non-native speech 331
- The graphical basis of phones and phonemes 349
- References 367
- Author Index 399
- Subject Index 405
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Dedication ix
- Alphabetical List of Contributors xi
- Acknowledgments xv
- Biographical Note xvii
-
PART I: The nature of L2 speech learning
- The study of second language speech learning 3
- Nonnative and second-language speech perception 13
- Cross-language phonetic similarity of vowels 35
- Investigating the role of attention in phonetic learning 57
- You are what you eat phonetically 79
-
PART II: The concept of foreign accent
- Nativelike pronunciation among late learners of French as a second language 99
- Second language acquisition of a regional dialect of American English by native Japanese speakers 117
- Acoustic variability and perceptual learning 135
-
PART III: Consonants and vowels
- Strategies for Realization of L2-Categories 153
- Temporal remnants from Mandarin in nonnative English speech 167
- Cross-language consonant identification 185
- The relationship between identification and discrimination in cross-language perception 201
-
PART IV: Beyond consonants and vowels
- Music and language learning 221
- Behavioral and cortical effects of learning a second language 239
- The perception of tones and phones 259
- Prosody in second language acquisition 281
-
PART V: Emerging issues
- Implications of James E. Flege’s research for the foreign language classroom 301
- Speech learning, lexical reorganization, and the development of word recognition by native and non-native English speakers 315
- Phonemic errors in different word positions and their effects on intelligibility of non-native speech 331
- The graphical basis of phones and phonemes 349
- References 367
- Author Index 399
- Subject Index 405
