11. Systematicity in metaphor and the use of invariant mappings
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Alan M. Wallington
Abstract
I argue that the origin of the apparent systematicity found in families of related metaphors lies not in ontologically-rich skeletal source domain schemas with slots that map to target domain correspondents. This suggests a rigidity which is inappropriate, and misses significant cross- metaphor generalisations. Instead, I claim that metaphors utilise just a few core source-target correspondences. Users can extend and elaborate upon these, and by doing so give the impression of a systematic exploitation of a domain, by incorporating into the utterance any aspect of the user’s encyclopaedic knowledge that can be linked to the core correspondences. However, this linkage is subject to the constraint that any conclusions then drawn about the source domain meaning must ultimately be grounded in specific types of information or meaning that transfer invariantly between source and target as adjuncts to the core correspondences. It is in these invariant mappings that systematicity is to be found.
Abstract
I argue that the origin of the apparent systematicity found in families of related metaphors lies not in ontologically-rich skeletal source domain schemas with slots that map to target domain correspondents. This suggests a rigidity which is inappropriate, and misses significant cross- metaphor generalisations. Instead, I claim that metaphors utilise just a few core source-target correspondences. Users can extend and elaborate upon these, and by doing so give the impression of a systematic exploitation of a domain, by incorporating into the utterance any aspect of the user’s encyclopaedic knowledge that can be linked to the core correspondences. However, this linkage is subject to the constraint that any conclusions then drawn about the source domain meaning must ultimately be grounded in specific types of information or meaning that transfer invariantly between source and target as adjuncts to the core correspondences. It is in these invariant mappings that systematicity is to be found.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Editors’ introduction vii
- 1. The wonderful, chaotic, creative, heroic, challenging world of Researching and Applying Metaphor 1
-
1. Metaphor and language learning
- 2. Can people be cold and warm? 21
- 3. Grasping the point 35
- 4. “Drugs, traffic, and many other dirty interests” 63
- 5. The gaps to be filled 81
- 6. A cross-cultural study of metaphoric understanding 105
-
2. Capturing and analysing metaphors
- 7. Love, metaphor and responsibility 125
- 8. A critical look at the desktop metaphor 30 years on 145
- 9. Pragglejaz in practice 165
- 10. Mapping principles for conceptual metaphors 185
- 11. Systematicity in metaphor and the use of invariant mappings 209
- 12. Attitude, style and context 245
- 13. A genre approach to imagery in winespeak 265
-
3. The function of metaphor in discourse
- 14. Wot no similes? 291
- 15. Metaphor marking and metaphor typological and functional ranges in business periodicals 309
- 16. Critical analysis of creative metaphors in political speeches 321
- 17. Metaphor in physical-and-speech action expressions 333
- 18. The evaluative properties of metaphors 357
- Index of names 375
- Index of terms 381
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Editors’ introduction vii
- 1. The wonderful, chaotic, creative, heroic, challenging world of Researching and Applying Metaphor 1
-
1. Metaphor and language learning
- 2. Can people be cold and warm? 21
- 3. Grasping the point 35
- 4. “Drugs, traffic, and many other dirty interests” 63
- 5. The gaps to be filled 81
- 6. A cross-cultural study of metaphoric understanding 105
-
2. Capturing and analysing metaphors
- 7. Love, metaphor and responsibility 125
- 8. A critical look at the desktop metaphor 30 years on 145
- 9. Pragglejaz in practice 165
- 10. Mapping principles for conceptual metaphors 185
- 11. Systematicity in metaphor and the use of invariant mappings 209
- 12. Attitude, style and context 245
- 13. A genre approach to imagery in winespeak 265
-
3. The function of metaphor in discourse
- 14. Wot no similes? 291
- 15. Metaphor marking and metaphor typological and functional ranges in business periodicals 309
- 16. Critical analysis of creative metaphors in political speeches 321
- 17. Metaphor in physical-and-speech action expressions 333
- 18. The evaluative properties of metaphors 357
- Index of names 375
- Index of terms 381
