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Electrical conductivity of metasomatized lithology in subcontinental lithosphere

  • Ye Peng ORCID logo , Geeth Manthilake and Mainak Mookherjee
Published/Copyright: February 25, 2022
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American Mineralogist
From the journal American Mineralogist Volume 107 Issue 3

Abstract

A plausible origin of the seismically observed mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD) in the subcontinental lithosphere is mantle metasomatism. The metasomatized mantle is likely to stabilize hydrous phases such as amphiboles. The existing electrical conductivity data on amphiboles vary significantly. The electrical conductivity of hornblendite is much higher than that of tremolite. Thus, if hornblendite truly represents the amphibole varieties in MLD regions, then it is likely that amphibole will cause high electrical conductivity anomalies at MLD depths. However, this is inconsistent with the magnetotelluric observations across MLD depths. Hence, to better understand this discrepancy in electrical conductivity data of amphiboles and to evaluate whether MLD could be caused by metasomatism, we determined the electrical conductivity of a natural metasomatized rock sample. The metasomatized rock sample consists of ~87% diopside pyroxene, ~9% sodium-bearing tremolite amphibole, and ~3% albite feldspar. We collected the electrical conductivity data at ~3.0 GPa, i.e., the depth relevant to MLD. We also spanned a temperature range between 400 to 1000 K. We found that the electrical conductivity of this metasomatized rock sample increases with temperature. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity exhibits two distinct regimes. At low temperatures <700 K, the electrical conductivity is dominated by the conduction in the solid state. At temperatures >775 K, the conductivity increases, and it is likely to be dominated by the conduction of aqueous fluids due to partial dehydration. The main distinction between the current study and the prior studies on the electrical conductivity of amphiboles or amphibole-bearing rocks is the sodium (Na) content in amphiboles of the assemblage. Moreover, it is likely that the higher Na content in amphiboles leads to higher electrical conductivity. Pargasite and edenite amphiboles are the most common amphibole varieties in the metasomatized mantle, and our study on Na-bearing tremolite is the closest analog of these amphiboles. Comparison of the electrical conductivity results with the magnetotelluric observations constrains the amphibole abundance at MLD depths to <1.5%. Such a low-modal proportion of amphiboles could only reduce the seismic shear wave velocity by 0.4–0.5%, which is significantly lower than the observed velocity reduction of 2–6%. Thus, it might be challenging to explain both seismic and magnetotelluric observations at MLD simultaneously.

Keywords: Mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD); electrical conductivity; metasomatized rock; diopside; amphibole

Funding statement: Y.P. and M.M. acknowledge NSF funding EAR 1638752, 1763215, and 1753125. G.M. acknowledges funding from the INSU-CNRS. This research was also financed by the French Government Laboratory of Excellence initiative no. ANR-10-LABX-0006, the Région Auvergne, and the European Regional Development Fund (ClerVolc contribution number 472).

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Zhicheng Jing and the two reviewers Lidong Dai and Hongzhan Fei for their constructive criticism that enhanced the clarity of the article.

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Received: 2020-12-24
Accepted: 2021-03-12
Published Online: 2022-02-25
Published in Print: 2022-03-28

© 2022 Mineralogical Society of America

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  1. Structure of basaltic glass at pressures up to 18 GPa
  2. Synthesis of calcium orthocarbonate, Ca2CO4-Pnma at P-T conditions of Earth’s transition zone and lower mantle
  3. Melting phase relation of Fe-bearing Phase D up to the uppermost lower mantle
  4. Evidence from HP/UHP metasediments for recycling of isotopically heterogeneous potassium into the mantle
  5. Effect of sulfur on siderophile element partitioning between olivine and a primary melt from the martian mantle
  6. Gold speciation in hydrothermal fluids revealed by in situ high energy resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy
  7. Characterization of carbon phases in Yamato 74123 ureilite to constrain the meteorite shock history
  8. Pressure-induced structural phase transitions in natural kaolinite investigated by Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity
  9. Magnetite-rutile symplectite in ilmenite records magma hydration in layered intrusions
  10. Ferromagnesian jeffbenite synthesized at 15 GPa and 1200 °C
  11. Electrical conductivity of metasomatized lithology in subcontinental lithosphere
  12. Measurements of the Lamb-Mössbauer factor at simultaneous high-pressure-temperature conditions and estimates of the equilibrium isotopic fractionation of iron
  13. Element mobility and oxygen isotope systematics during submarine alteration of basaltic glass
  14. Dissolved silica-catalyzed disordered dolomite precipitation
  15. Elasticity and high-pressure behavior of Mg2Cr2O5 and CaTi2O4-type phases of magnesiochromite and chromite
  16. Significance of tridymite distribution during cooling and vapor-phase alteration of ignimbrites
  17. Micropores and mass transfer in the formation of myrmekites
  18. Mn3+ and the pink color of gem-quality euclase from northeast Brazil
  19. Geochemistry and boron isotope compositions of tourmalines from the granite-greisen-quartz vein system in Dayishan pluton, Southern China: Implications for potential mineralization
  20. Lazaraskeite, Cu(C2H3O3)2, the first organic mineral containing glycolate, from the Santa Catalina Mountains, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
  21. Textural, fluid inclusion, and in-situ oxygen isotope studies of quartz: Constraints on vein formation, disequilibrium fractionation, and gold precipitation at the Bilihe gold deposit, Inner Mongolia, China
  22. Immiscible metallic melts in the upper mantle beneath Mount Carmel, Israel: Silicides, phosphides, and carbides
https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2021-7942
Keywords for this article
Mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD); electrical conductivity; metasomatized rock; diopside; amphibole

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Structure of basaltic glass at pressures up to 18 GPa
  2. Synthesis of calcium orthocarbonate, Ca2CO4-Pnma at P-T conditions of Earth’s transition zone and lower mantle
  3. Melting phase relation of Fe-bearing Phase D up to the uppermost lower mantle
  4. Evidence from HP/UHP metasediments for recycling of isotopically heterogeneous potassium into the mantle
  5. Effect of sulfur on siderophile element partitioning between olivine and a primary melt from the martian mantle
  6. Gold speciation in hydrothermal fluids revealed by in situ high energy resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy
  7. Characterization of carbon phases in Yamato 74123 ureilite to constrain the meteorite shock history
  8. Pressure-induced structural phase transitions in natural kaolinite investigated by Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity
  9. Magnetite-rutile symplectite in ilmenite records magma hydration in layered intrusions
  10. Ferromagnesian jeffbenite synthesized at 15 GPa and 1200 °C
  11. Electrical conductivity of metasomatized lithology in subcontinental lithosphere
  12. Measurements of the Lamb-Mössbauer factor at simultaneous high-pressure-temperature conditions and estimates of the equilibrium isotopic fractionation of iron
  13. Element mobility and oxygen isotope systematics during submarine alteration of basaltic glass
  14. Dissolved silica-catalyzed disordered dolomite precipitation
  15. Elasticity and high-pressure behavior of Mg2Cr2O5 and CaTi2O4-type phases of magnesiochromite and chromite
  16. Significance of tridymite distribution during cooling and vapor-phase alteration of ignimbrites
  17. Micropores and mass transfer in the formation of myrmekites
  18. Mn3+ and the pink color of gem-quality euclase from northeast Brazil
  19. Geochemistry and boron isotope compositions of tourmalines from the granite-greisen-quartz vein system in Dayishan pluton, Southern China: Implications for potential mineralization
  20. Lazaraskeite, Cu(C2H3O3)2, the first organic mineral containing glycolate, from the Santa Catalina Mountains, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
  21. Textural, fluid inclusion, and in-situ oxygen isotope studies of quartz: Constraints on vein formation, disequilibrium fractionation, and gold precipitation at the Bilihe gold deposit, Inner Mongolia, China
  22. Immiscible metallic melts in the upper mantle beneath Mount Carmel, Israel: Silicides, phosphides, and carbides
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