Human Interactions With (Embodied) AI: The Future of Authenticity in Human–AI Relation(ship)s
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Astrid Weiss
Abstract
Approximately 20 years ago, the research field of human-robot interaction (HRI) emerged with the objective of designing robots that laypeople could interact with in an ‘intuitive’ manner, among other goals. It was argued that HRI differs from human-human interaction and human-computer interaction due to the materiality of robots and the apparent agency associated with them. Over the past decade, an increasing amount of empirical evidence has been accumulated regarding the similarities and differences in how laypeople perceive and interact with robots. However, studying human-robot interactions presents unique challenges due to the ‘wicked’ nature of the problems involved and the diverse range of robot embodiments. Presently, we are witnessing significant growth in non-embodied artificial intelligence (AI), surpassing the advancements in physically embodied AI. In this chapter, I argue that the forthcoming evaluation criterion to evaluate interactions with both embodied and non-embodied AI systematically is authenticity, drawing upon the insights gained from HRI research as an ideal foundation to address this criterion. What will authenticity even mean in the future when AI generates dialogues, voices, movements, and so on, and humans become more and more immersed in these interactions?
Abstract
Approximately 20 years ago, the research field of human-robot interaction (HRI) emerged with the objective of designing robots that laypeople could interact with in an ‘intuitive’ manner, among other goals. It was argued that HRI differs from human-human interaction and human-computer interaction due to the materiality of robots and the apparent agency associated with them. Over the past decade, an increasing amount of empirical evidence has been accumulated regarding the similarities and differences in how laypeople perceive and interact with robots. However, studying human-robot interactions presents unique challenges due to the ‘wicked’ nature of the problems involved and the diverse range of robot embodiments. Presently, we are witnessing significant growth in non-embodied artificial intelligence (AI), surpassing the advancements in physically embodied AI. In this chapter, I argue that the forthcoming evaluation criterion to evaluate interactions with both embodied and non-embodied AI systematically is authenticity, drawing upon the insights gained from HRI research as an ideal foundation to address this criterion. What will authenticity even mean in the future when AI generates dialogues, voices, movements, and so on, and humans become more and more immersed in these interactions?
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- Introduction 1
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Section 1: Robots in Culture and Society
- Future Presence: Living with Social Robots 21
- Representing Robots in Popular Culture 47
- Designing Robots That are Accepted in Human Social Environments: Anthropomorphism, the Intentional Stance, Cultural Norms and Values, and Societal Implications 63
- Are Robotic Bodies (Part of) Social Bodies? 85
- Persons or Things: The Role of Robots in Society 105
- Automated Masspersonal Social Engineering 119
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Section 2: Humanistic and Social Scientific Perspectives
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Linguistics
- AI and Human Writing: Collaboration or Appropriation? 137
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Law
- Policies, Regulation, and Legal Perspectives on Social Robots 161
- How Social Robots Affect Privacy: Navigating the Landscape 179
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Sociology
- Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and the Evolution of the Social Sciences 203
- Human Interactions With (Embodied) AI: The Future of Authenticity in Human–AI Relation(ship)s 221
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Psychology and Neuroscience
- Mind Perception During and After Interacting with Artificial Agents 241
- How People Perceive Social Robots: The Case of Gender 261
- Relating with Social Robots: Issues of Sex, Love, Intimacy, Emotion, Attachment, and Companionship 277
- Real or Pretend? How Children Ontologize Social Robots as Mental and Moral Others 295
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Communication and Computer Sciences
- Rethinking Communication between Humans and Social Robots 313
- Interacting with Social Robots: The Influence of their Distinctive Cues, Behavioral Capabilities, and Affordances on Social Interaction and Well-being 335
- Integrating Big-Data Tools to Study AI and Human–Machine Communication: Methodology Strengths, Future Directions, and Applications 355
- Social Robots and Children: A Field in Development 371
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Section 3: Contexts of Human–Robot Interaction
- Anthropomorphizing Voice Assistants: A Research Agenda for Human–AI Relationships 391
- Domestic Appliances and Household Robots: The Changing Landscape of Housework and Family 411
- Ability and Disability: Social Robots and Accessibility, Disability Justice, and the Socially Constructed Normal Body 429
- Growing Old Together: The Promise and Challenge of Social Robots for Older Adults 447
- Power and Synchrony in Human Collaboration with Exoskeletons 467
- Index 489
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- Introduction 1
-
Section 1: Robots in Culture and Society
- Future Presence: Living with Social Robots 21
- Representing Robots in Popular Culture 47
- Designing Robots That are Accepted in Human Social Environments: Anthropomorphism, the Intentional Stance, Cultural Norms and Values, and Societal Implications 63
- Are Robotic Bodies (Part of) Social Bodies? 85
- Persons or Things: The Role of Robots in Society 105
- Automated Masspersonal Social Engineering 119
-
Section 2: Humanistic and Social Scientific Perspectives
-
Linguistics
- AI and Human Writing: Collaboration or Appropriation? 137
-
Law
- Policies, Regulation, and Legal Perspectives on Social Robots 161
- How Social Robots Affect Privacy: Navigating the Landscape 179
-
Sociology
- Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and the Evolution of the Social Sciences 203
- Human Interactions With (Embodied) AI: The Future of Authenticity in Human–AI Relation(ship)s 221
-
Psychology and Neuroscience
- Mind Perception During and After Interacting with Artificial Agents 241
- How People Perceive Social Robots: The Case of Gender 261
- Relating with Social Robots: Issues of Sex, Love, Intimacy, Emotion, Attachment, and Companionship 277
- Real or Pretend? How Children Ontologize Social Robots as Mental and Moral Others 295
-
Communication and Computer Sciences
- Rethinking Communication between Humans and Social Robots 313
- Interacting with Social Robots: The Influence of their Distinctive Cues, Behavioral Capabilities, and Affordances on Social Interaction and Well-being 335
- Integrating Big-Data Tools to Study AI and Human–Machine Communication: Methodology Strengths, Future Directions, and Applications 355
- Social Robots and Children: A Field in Development 371
-
Section 3: Contexts of Human–Robot Interaction
- Anthropomorphizing Voice Assistants: A Research Agenda for Human–AI Relationships 391
- Domestic Appliances and Household Robots: The Changing Landscape of Housework and Family 411
- Ability and Disability: Social Robots and Accessibility, Disability Justice, and the Socially Constructed Normal Body 429
- Growing Old Together: The Promise and Challenge of Social Robots for Older Adults 447
- Power and Synchrony in Human Collaboration with Exoskeletons 467
- Index 489
