Microstructure and Composition of Grain Boundary- and Intragranular Oxides in Low Alloy Mn-Cr, Mn-Al-Si and Si-Al-P Hot-rolled Steel Sheets
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V.G. Praig
Abstract
During hot rolling, coiling and subsequent cooling of low-alloy steel sheets, internal oxides are formed at the grain boundaries (intergranular) and within the grains (intragranular) as a consequence of oxygen diffusion into the steel and segregating alloy elements. The assembly/microstructure and composition of the oxides found were investigated via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss (EELS)- or energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy therein. Our spectroscopic data reveal various simple oxide species, located separately or side by side. Those findings apply to grain boundary oxides and intragranular oxides, for all the steel compositions investigated (Fe-Mn-Cr, Fe-Mn-Al-Si, Fe-Si-Al-P). For example, within the Mn-Cr-alloyed steel we find Mn oxide at all oxide locations (inter- and intragranular), but Cr oxide is not present always. We also discuss the sequences of oxide formation, which follow the thermodynamic rules of oxide formation.
Kurzfassung
Während dem Warmwalzen, Haspeln und anschließendem Abkühlen von niedrig legierten Stahlblechen diffundiert Sauerstoff in den Stahl und bildet mit den segregierenden Legierungselementen Oxide an den Korngrenzen (intergranular) und innerhalb der Körner (intragranular). Die Anordnung/Mikrostruktur und die Zusammensetzung der Oxide wurden mit Hilfe von Elektronenenergieverlust- (EELS) oder energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie (EDX), in einem Transmissionselektronenmikroskop (TEM) untersucht. Unsere spektroskopischen Daten zeigen unterschiedliche, aber einfache Oxide, die entweder getrennt oder nebeneinander vorliegen. Dieser Befund gilt für Korngrenzoxide und intragranulare Oxide bei allen untersuchten Stahlarten (Fe-Mn-Cr, Fe-Mn-Al-Si, Fe-Si-Al-P). Beispielsweise finden wir im Mn-Cr-legierten Stahl an allen Oxidpositionen (inter- und intragranular) Mn-Oxide. Cr-Oxide treten jedoch nicht überall auf. Wir befassen uns auch mit der Abfolge der Oxidbildung, die nach den thermodynamischen Regeln der Oxidbildung erfolgt.
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© 2014, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Editorial
- Editorial
- Technical Contributions/Fachbeiträge
- Characterization of Deformation Twins in Meteorites and Dynamically Loaded Ferrous Materials by Means Of Electron Backscatter Diffraction, EBSD
- Microstructure and Composition of Grain Boundary- and Intragranular Oxides in Low Alloy Mn-Cr, Mn-Al-Si and Si-Al-P Hot-rolled Steel Sheets
- Selective Laser Melting – Additive Manufacturing's “New Kid on the Block”; TMF Failure of a Y-shaped Pipe in a Burner Test Rig
- Meeting Diary/Veranstaltungskalender
- Meeting Diary
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Editorial
- Editorial
- Technical Contributions/Fachbeiträge
- Characterization of Deformation Twins in Meteorites and Dynamically Loaded Ferrous Materials by Means Of Electron Backscatter Diffraction, EBSD
- Microstructure and Composition of Grain Boundary- and Intragranular Oxides in Low Alloy Mn-Cr, Mn-Al-Si and Si-Al-P Hot-rolled Steel Sheets
- Selective Laser Melting – Additive Manufacturing's “New Kid on the Block”; TMF Failure of a Y-shaped Pipe in a Burner Test Rig
- Meeting Diary/Veranstaltungskalender
- Meeting Diary
