Startseite Hydrothermal alteration of magmatic titanite: Implications for REE remobilization and the formation of ion-adsorption HREE deposits, South China
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Hydrothermal alteration of magmatic titanite: Implications for REE remobilization and the formation of ion-adsorption HREE deposits, South China

  • Yuzhou Feng , Yuanming Pan , Bing Xiao , Gaobin Chu und Huayong Chen
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 28. Oktober 2023
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American Mineralogist
Aus der Zeitschrift American Mineralogist Band 108 Heft 11

Abstract

Ion-adsorption rare earth element (REE) deposits in South China are currently the main source of heavy rare earth elements (HREE). The Gucheng deposit in western Guangdong Province is one example of HREE mineralization hosted in weathered coarse-grained biotite granites (CGBG). Titanite is a common accessory mineral in the CGBG and contains significant amounts of total REE (31 621 to 38 431 ppm), especially HREE (18 906 to 22 249 ppm). Titanite with a U-Pb age of 102.6 ± 1.9 Ma in the CGBG crystallized under relatively high temperatures (722–798 °C), high f H 2 O , and high f O 2 conditions in the late magmatic stage, and has similar Nd isotopic compositions similar to the host CGBG: 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512062 to 0.512125 and εNd(t) = –7.4 to –8.6.

Backscattered electron (BSE) imaging and TESCAN integrated mineral analyzer (TIMA) measurements show that titanite in the CGBG has been altered partly to fergusonite-(Y), rutile, calcite, quartz, and fluorite. The hydrothermal fluid responsible for titanite alteration was enriched in C O 3 2 − and F, and was probably exsolved from the granitic magma. HREE released from the alteration of titanite were mostly scavenged by fergusonite-(Y) and rutile, which have been further replaced by gadolinite-(Y) and synchysite-(Ce). In addition, gadolinite-(Y) in the alteration assemblages exhibits further alteration and is characterized by elevated P O 4 3 − a n d S O 4 2 − contents in the altered parts. These results demonstrate that magmatic titanite in the CGBG underwent complex hydrothermal alteration, with a preferential accumulation of HREE in fergusonite-(Y) and gadolinite-(Y) in the alteration assemblages. Preferential HREE enrichments in magmatic titanite, and its alteration assemblages, are shown to play significant roles in the formation of the Gucheng HREE deposit.

Keywords: Titanite; metasomatic alteration; REE-rich mineral; REE remobilization; ion-adsorption deposit

Acknowledgments and funding

This study was funded by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (No. 2019B030302013), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41725009, 42103058, 41921003, 42173065), and Science and Technology Planning of Guangdong Province, China (2020B1212060055). Staff of the Key Geology Bureau for Nonferrous Metals of Guangdong Province are thanked for supporting the research and for providing access to drill cores and sample collection.

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Received: 2022-06-12
Accepted: 2022-11-16
Published Online: 2023-10-28
Published in Print: 2023-11-25

© 2023 by Mineralogical Society of America

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https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8644
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Titanite; metasomatic alteration; REE-rich mineral; REE remobilization; ion-adsorption deposit

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Passive carbon sequestration associated with wollastonite mining, Adirondack Mountains, New York
  2. Geochemical variation in biotite from the Devonian South Mountain Batholith, Nova Scotia: Constraints on emplacement pressure, temperature, magma redox state and the development of a magmatic vapor phase (MVP)
  3. Nanostructural domains in martian apatites that record primary subsolidus exsolution of halogens: Insights into nakhlite petrogenesis
  4. Magnetism and equation of states of fcc FeHx at high pressure
  5. Hydrothermal alteration of magmatic titanite: Implications for REE remobilization and the formation of ion-adsorption HREE deposits, South China
  6. Effects of crystal chemistry on adsorption, occurrence, and mobility of water in palygorskite tunnels
  7. Temperature-induced densification in compressed basaltic glass revealed by in-situ ultrasonic measurements
  8. X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of Pd2+ on Ni site in pentlandite
  9. Twinning in hydrous wadsleyite: Symmetry relations, origin, and consequences
  10. An experimental crystallization of the Macusani obsidian in a thermal gradient with applications to lithium-rich granitic pegmatites
  11. Amorphous Mn2SiO4: A potential manganese phase in the stagnant slab
  12. The crystal structure of feitknechtite (β-MnOOH) and a new MnOOH polymorph
  13. Yakubovichite, CaNi2Fe3+(PO4)3, a new nickel phosphate mineral of non-meteoritic origin
  14. Book Review
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