Visualization and simulation of filling process of simultaneous co-injection molding based on level set method
-
Qingsheng Liu
,
Zhijun Liu
Abstract
Co-injection molding (CIM) is an advanced technology which was developed to meet quality requirements and to reduce the material cost. Theoretical investigations concerning it are very limited, especially for simultaneous CIM. The interactions of air, skin and core polymer melt in the process are very complex, which makes it more challenging to simulate free surface flows in the mold. Thus, this article presents a mathematical model for it. The extended Pom-Pom (XPP) model is selected to predict the viscoelastic behavior of polymer melt. The free surface is captured by the level set method. The article vividly shows the simultaneous CIM process by means of a visual numerical simulation technique. Both two-dimensional (2D) and 3D examples are presented to validate the model and illustrate its capabilities. The 3D flow behaviors of simultaneous CIM process are hard to predict numerically. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at simulating melt flow behaviors in 3D simultaneous CIM based on the XPP constitutive equation and visual technique. The numerical results are in good agreement with the available experiment results, which establish the capability of the multiphase flow model presented in this article to simulate the flow behaviors of polymer melt in simultaneous CIM process.
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, contract grant number: 2012CB025903) and the Major Research plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Contract number: 91434201), which are gratefully acknowledged.
References
[1] Vannessa G. Interfacial Instabilities: Implications for Multi-Material Moulding, PhD thesis, University of Warwick, 2011.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Ilinca F, Hétu JF, Derdouri A. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 2006, 50, 1445–1460.10.1002/fld.1114Suche in Google Scholar
[3] Seldén R. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2000, 40, 1165–1176.10.1002/pen.11244Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Patcharaphun S, Mennig G. Polym.-Plast. Technol. 2006, 45, 759–768.10.1080/03602550600611651Suche in Google Scholar
[5] Vangosa FB. Polym.-Plast. Technol. 2011, 50, 1314–1322.10.1080/03602559.2011.578288Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Srithep Y, Miller B, Mulyana R, Villarreal MG, Castro JM. J. Polym. Eng. 2008, 28, 467–484.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] Nagaoka T, Ishiaku US, Tomari T, Hamada H, Takashima S. Polym. Test. 2005, 24, 1062–1070.10.1016/j.polymertesting.2005.04.003Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Kadota M, Cakmak M, Hamada H. Polymer 1999, 40, 3119–3145.10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00472-8Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Cheng CC, Ono Y, Jen CK. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007, 47, 1491–1500.10.1002/pen.20852Suche in Google Scholar
[10] Wang GL, Zhou YG, Wang SJ, Chen JB, Zhang XL, Lu S. J. Polym. Res. 2013, 20, 1–11.10.1007/s10965-013-0288-0Suche in Google Scholar
[11] Chen SC, Chen NT, Hsu KS, Hsu KF. AICHE J. 1996, 42, 1706–1714.10.1002/aic.690420622Suche in Google Scholar
[12] Schlatter G, Agassant JF, Vincent M, Davidoff A. Polym. Eng. Sci. 1999, 39, 78–88.10.1002/pen.11398Suche in Google Scholar
[13] Turng LS, Wang VW, Wang KK. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 1993, 115, 48–53.10.1115/1.2902156Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Kim NH. Injection-Compression and Co-injection Moldings of Amorphous Polymers: Viscoelastic Simulation and Experiment, PhD Thesis, University of Akron, 2009.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] Ilinca F, Hétu JF. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2003, 43, 1415–1427.10.1002/pen.10120Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Ilinca F, Hétu JF. Int. Polym. Proc. 2002, 17, 265–270.10.3139/217.1695Suche in Google Scholar
[17] Ilinca F, Hétu JF. Int. Polym. Proc. 2006, 21, 386–392.10.3139/217.0121Suche in Google Scholar
[18] Liu QS, Ouyang J, Zhou W, Xu XY, Zhang L. Polym. Eng. Sci., doi: 10.1002/pen.24009.10.1002/pen.24009Suche in Google Scholar
[19] Kim NH, Isayev AI. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2015, 55, 88–106.10.1002/pen.23871Suche in Google Scholar
[20] Watanabe D, Ishiaku US, Nagaoka T, Tomari K, Hamada H. Int. Polym. Proc. 2003, 18, 199–203.10.3139/217.1735Suche in Google Scholar
[21] White JL, Lee BL. Polym. Eng. Sci. 1975, 15, 481–485.10.1002/pen.760150702Suche in Google Scholar
[22] Li CT, Lee DJ, Isayev AI. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 88, 2300–2309.10.1002/app.11947Suche in Google Scholar
[23] Li CT, Lee DJ, Isayev AI. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 88, 2310–2318.10.1002/app.11948Suche in Google Scholar
[24] Gouker RM, Gupta SK, Bruck HA, Holzschuh T. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2006, 30, 1049–1075.10.1007/s00170-005-0152-4Suche in Google Scholar
[25] Islam A, Hansen HN, Bondo M. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2010, 50, 101–111.10.1007/s00170-009-2507-8Suche in Google Scholar
[26] Zhou HM. Computer Modeling for Injection Molding: Simulation, Optimization, and Control, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Singapore, 2013.10.1002/9781118444887Suche in Google Scholar
[27] Cardozo D. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. C: J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 2009, 233, 711–722.Suche in Google Scholar
[28] Cardozo D. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 2008, 27, 1963–1974.10.1177/0731684408092386Suche in Google Scholar
[29] Yang JG, Zhou XH, Niu Q. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2013, 67, 367–375.10.1007/s00170-012-4490-8Suche in Google Scholar
[30] Chen W, Zhou XH, Han XH. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 2011, 52, 521–529.10.1007/s00170-010-2759-3Suche in Google Scholar
[31] Yang BX, Ouyang J, Zheng SP, Li Q, Zhou W. Int. J. Mater. Form. 2012, 5, 25–37.10.1007/s12289-010-1011-xSuche in Google Scholar
[32] Li Q, Ouyang J, Yang BX, Jiang T. Appl. Math. Model 2011, 35, 257–275.10.1016/j.apm.2010.06.002Suche in Google Scholar
[33] McLeish TCB, Larson RG. J. Rheol. 1998, 42, 81–110.10.1122/1.550933Suche in Google Scholar
[34] Verbeeten WMH, Peters GWM, Baaijens FPT. J. Rheol. 2001, 45, 823–843.10.1122/1.1380426Suche in Google Scholar
[35] Aboubacar M, Aguayo JP, Phillips PM, Phillips TN, Tamaddon-Jahromi HR, Snigerev BA, Webster MF. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2005, 126, 207–220.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2004.09.012Suche in Google Scholar
[36] Osher S, Sethian JA. J. Comput. Phys. 1988, 79, 12–49.10.1016/0021-9991(88)90002-2Suche in Google Scholar
[37] Osher S, Fedkiw RP. J. Comput. Phys. 2001, 169, 463–502.10.1006/jcph.2000.6636Suche in Google Scholar
[38] Oishi CM, Martins FP, Tomé MF, Cuminato JA, Mckee S. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2011, 166, 165–179.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2010.11.001Suche in Google Scholar
[39] Figueiredo RA, Oishi CM, Cuminato JA, Alves MA. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2013, 195, 88–98.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2013.01.004Suche in Google Scholar
[40] Rhie CM, Chow WL. AIAA J. 1983, 21, 1525–1532.10.2514/3.8284Suche in Google Scholar
[41] van Os RGM, Phillips TN. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2005, 129, 143–162.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2005.06.004Suche in Google Scholar
[42] Tanner RI, Nasseri S. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2003, 116, 1–17.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2003.08.001Suche in Google Scholar
[43] Bogaerds ACB, Grillet AM, Peters GWM, Baaijens FPT. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2002, 108, 187–208.10.1016/S0377-0257(02)00130-1Suche in Google Scholar
[44] Inkson NJ, Philips TN, van Os RGM. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2009, 156, 7–20.10.1016/j.jnnfm.2008.06.004Suche in Google Scholar
[45] Verbeeten WMH, Peters GWM, Baaijens FPT. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2002, 108, 301–326.10.1016/S0377-0257(02)00136-2Suche in Google Scholar
©2015 by De Gruyter
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Visualization and simulation of filling process of simultaneous co-injection molding based on level set method
- Effect of compatibilizer on the properties of PBS/lignin composites prepared via a vane extruder
- Fabrication and characterization of thermally conductive composites based on poly(butylene terephthalate)/glass fiber-silicon carbide
- Preparation and characterization of poly(MMA-EGDMA-AMPS) microspheres by soap-free emulsion polymerization
- Modification of biaxially oriented polypropylene films using dicyclopentadiene based hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin
- Investigation of synthesis and processing of cellulose, cellulose acetate and poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers incorporating anti-cancer/tumor drug cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride using electrospinning techniques
- Grafting poly(2-acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) branches onto the backbones of corn starch for toughening starch film
- Erosion characteristics of Teflon under different operating conditions
- Development of sustainable resource based poly(urethane-etheramide)/Fe2O3 nanocomposite as anticorrosive coating materials
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Visualization and simulation of filling process of simultaneous co-injection molding based on level set method
- Effect of compatibilizer on the properties of PBS/lignin composites prepared via a vane extruder
- Fabrication and characterization of thermally conductive composites based on poly(butylene terephthalate)/glass fiber-silicon carbide
- Preparation and characterization of poly(MMA-EGDMA-AMPS) microspheres by soap-free emulsion polymerization
- Modification of biaxially oriented polypropylene films using dicyclopentadiene based hydrogenated hydrocarbon resin
- Investigation of synthesis and processing of cellulose, cellulose acetate and poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers incorporating anti-cancer/tumor drug cis-diammineplatinum (II) dichloride using electrospinning techniques
- Grafting poly(2-acryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) branches onto the backbones of corn starch for toughening starch film
- Erosion characteristics of Teflon under different operating conditions
- Development of sustainable resource based poly(urethane-etheramide)/Fe2O3 nanocomposite as anticorrosive coating materials
