Acoustic properties of ABS and PLA parts produced by additive manufacturing using different printing parameters
-
Osman Oğuzhan Koç
Osman Oğuzhan Koç completed his BSc degree at KTO Karatay University, Konya in 2017 and MSc degree at Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya in 2020. His research interests are acoustics and additive manufacturing.
Ahmet Meram completed his BSc degree at Khajeh Nasir ad-Din Toosi University of Technology in 2003 and MSc degree at Buali Sina University in 2006. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey in 2014. His research interests are additive manufacturing, solid mechanics, acoustics and vibrations, sandwich panels, composite materials, and finite element analysis.
Mehmet Emin Çetin completed his BSc degree at Kocaeli University, Kocaeli in 2010 and MSc degree at Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon in 2012. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey in 2017. His research interests are acoustics, additive manufacturing, adhesives, composite materials, and finite element analysis.
und
Sinem Öztürk
Sinem Öztürk completed his BSc degree at İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul in 2005 and MSc degree at İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul in 2008. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey in 2016. His research interests are acoustics and vibrations, machine theory and dynamics, and mechanical vibrations and noise.
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of printing parameters on the acoustic performance of specimens produced using 3D printing technology. The specimens were fabricated with square and hexagonal cell shapes with 10, 20, 30, and 50 % infill ratios from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) materials. The sound absorption coefficient and sound transmission loss results of the samples were measured with an impedance tube at 1/3 octave band values in the range of 500–6400 Hz. The highest sound absorption coefficient results were determined for cylindrical samples with a square internal structure made of ABS material with a 50 % infill ratio in the frequency range of 2500–3500 Hz. The sound transmission loss values of the samples vary between approximately 13 and 58 dB at 1/3 octave band values in the range of 500 and 6300 Hz. The highest sound transmission loss values were determined in the sample produced of PLA with a square cell shape at a 30 % infill ratio. It was concluded that different geometric shapes, materials, and infill ratios affect the acoustic performance of parts produced by 3D printing technology.
About the authors
Osman Oğuzhan Koç completed his BSc degree at KTO Karatay University, Konya in 2017 and MSc degree at Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya in 2020. His research interests are acoustics and additive manufacturing.
Ahmet Meram completed his BSc degree at Khajeh Nasir ad-Din Toosi University of Technology in 2003 and MSc degree at Buali Sina University in 2006. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey in 2014. His research interests are additive manufacturing, solid mechanics, acoustics and vibrations, sandwich panels, composite materials, and finite element analysis.
Mehmet Emin Çetin completed his BSc degree at Kocaeli University, Kocaeli in 2010 and MSc degree at Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon in 2012. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey in 2017. His research interests are acoustics, additive manufacturing, adhesives, composite materials, and finite element analysis.
Sinem Öztürk completed his BSc degree at İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul in 2005 and MSc degree at İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul in 2008. He received his PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey in 2016. His research interests are acoustics and vibrations, machine theory and dynamics, and mechanical vibrations and noise.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Informed consent: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.
References
[1] P. N. Bellamkonda, M. Sudersanan, and B. Visvalingam, “Characterisation of a wire arc additive manufactured 308L stainless steel cylindrical component,” Mater. Test., vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 1397–1409, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0171.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] B. Atar, E. Üyüklü, and P. Yayla, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of an additively manufactured AlSi10Mg based alloy,” Mater. Test., vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 874–885, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0334.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] M. Knutsson and M. Åbom, “Sound propagation in narrow tubes including effects of viscothermal and turbulent damping with application to charge air coolers,” J. Sound Vib., vol. 320, nos. 1–2, pp. 289–321, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2008.07.006.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] J. Carbajo, J. Ramis, L. Godinho, P. Amado-Mendes, and J. Alba, “A finite element model of perforated panel absorbers including viscothermal effects,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 90, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.10.013.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] T. Yazaki, Y. Tashiro, and T. Biwa, “Measurements of sound propagation in narrow tubes,” Proc. R. Soc. A, vol. 463, no. 2087, pp. 2855–2862, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.1897.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] A. Meram and B. Sözen, “Experimental investigation on the effect of printing parameters on the impact response of thin-walled tubes produced by additive manufacturing method,” Int. J. Crashworthiness, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 32–45, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1080/13588265.2022.2045824.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] H. Hegab, N. Khanna, N. Monib, and A. Salem, “Design for sustainable additive manufacturing: a review,” Sustain. Mater. Technol., vol. 35, no. 1, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2023.e00576.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] E. García, P. J. Núñez, M. A. Caminero, J. M. Chacón, and S. Kamarthi, “Effects of carbon fibre reinforcement on the geometric properties of PETG-based filament using FFF additive manufacturing,” Composites, Part B, vol. 235, no. 1, pp. 1–15, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109766.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Z. Liu, J. Zhan, M. Fard, and J. L. Davy, “Acoustic properties of multilayer sound absorbers with a 3D printed micro-perforated panel,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 25–32, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.01.032.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] M. Vasina, K. Monkova, P. P. Monka, D. Kozak, and J. Tkac, “Study of the sound absorption properties of 3D-printed open-porous ABS material structures,” Polymers, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1–14, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/POLYM12051062.Suche in Google Scholar
[11] J. Kennedy, L. Flanagan, L. Dowling, G. J. Bennett, H. Rice, and D. Trimble, “The influence of additive manufacturing processes on the performance of a periodic acoustic metamaterial,” Int. J. Polym. Sci., vol. 2019, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7029143.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] R. Sailesh, L. Yuvaraj, M. Doddamani, L. Babu Mailan Chinnapandi, and J. Pitchaimani, “Sound absorption and transmission loss characteristics of 3D printed bio-degradable material with graded spherical perforations,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 186, no. 1, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.108457.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] D. C. Akiwate, M. D. Date, B. Venkatesham, and S. Suryakumar, “Acoustic properties of additive manufactured narrow tube periodic structures,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 136, no. 1, pp. 123–131, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.02.022.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Z. Liu, J. Zhan, M. Fard, and J. L. Davy, “Acoustic properties of a porous polycarbonate material produced by additive manufacturing,” Mater. Lett., vol. 181, no. 1, pp. 296–299, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.06.045.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] V. Sekar, S. Y. Eh Noum, S. Sivanesan, A. Putra, D. D. Chin Vui Sheng, and D. H. Kassim, “Effect of thickness and infill density on acoustic performance of 3D printed panels made of natural fiber reinforced composites,” J. Nat. Fibers, vol. 19, no. 13, pp. 7132–7140, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2021.1944426.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] V. Tsiokou, L. Shtrepi, E. Badino, and A. Astolfi, “Exploratory acoustic investigation of customizable 3D-printed hybrid acoustic materials (HAMs) through interlaboratory impedance tube measurements,” Acoustics, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 653–675, 2023, https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5030040.Suche in Google Scholar
[17] E. R. Fotsing, A. Dubourg, A. Ross, and J. Mardjono, “Acoustic properties of a periodic micro-structures obtained by additive manufacturing,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 148, pp. 322–331, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.12.030.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] W. Gao, Y. Hou, F. Shang, and J. Zhang, “3D printed structures for ultrasound attenuation in underwater environment,” 3D Print. Addit. Manuf., vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–10, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1089/3dp.2022.0071.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[19] S. Kumar, T. B. Xiang, and H. P. Lee, “Ventilated acoustic metamaterial window panels for simultaneous noise shielding and air circulation,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 159, no. 1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.107088.Suche in Google Scholar
[20] Z. H. Wen, D. W. Wang, and L. Ma, “Sound transmission loss of sandwich panel with closed octahedral core,” J. Sandw. Struct. Mater., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 174–193, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636219829369.Suche in Google Scholar
[21] H. P. Lee, S. Kumar, T. H. Yong, U. Kureemun, and X. Song, “Design of lightweight skeletal structures for noise mitigation,” Proc. Int. Congr. Acoust., vol. 2019, no. 1, pp. 8126–8131, 2019, https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-CONV-239548.Suche in Google Scholar
[22] M. D. Guild, M. Rothko, C. F. Sieck, C. Rohde, and O. Gregory, “3D printed acoustic metamaterial sound absorbers using functionally-graded sonic crystals,” in Euronoise 2018, 2018, pp. 3–6. [Online]. Available: http://www.euronoise2018.eu/docs/papers/2_Euronoise2018.pdf.10.1121/1.5035582Suche in Google Scholar
[23] Z. Liu, J. Zhan, M. Fard, and J. L. Davy, “Acoustic measurement of a 3D printed micro-perforated panel combined with a porous material,” Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 233–236, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.03.032.Suche in Google Scholar
[24] H. Meng, M. A. Galland, M. Ichchou, O. Bareille, F. X. Xin, and T. J. Lu, “Small perforations in corrugated sandwich panel significantly enhance low frequency sound absorption and transmission loss,” Compos. Struct., vol. 182, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.08.103.Suche in Google Scholar
[25] F. Setaki, M. Tenpierik, M. Turrin, and A. van Timmeren, “Acoustic absorbers by additive manufacturing,” Build. Environ, vol. 72, pp. 188–200, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.10.010.Suche in Google Scholar
[26] Y. Han, X. Wang, G. Xie, X. Tang, and T. Chen, “Low-frequency sound-absorbing metasurface with a channel of nonuniform cross section,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 127, no. 6, pp. 1115–1130, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5119408.Suche in Google Scholar
[27] S. Pirmohammad and S. Esmaeili-Marzdashti, “Multi-objective crashworthiness optimization of square and octagonal bitubal structures including different hole shapes,” Thin-Walled Struct., vol. 139, no. 1, pp. 126–138, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.03.004.Suche in Google Scholar
[28] D. C. Akiwate, M. D. Date, B. Venkatesham, and S. Suryakumar, “Acoustic characterization of additive manufactured perforated panel backed by honeycomb structure with circular and non-circular perforations,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 155, pp. 271–279, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.05.025.Suche in Google Scholar
[29] A. Meram and M. E. Çetin, “Experimental investigation on the effects of core/facing interface performance on the low-velocity impact behavior of honeycomb sandwich panels,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., vol. 29, no. 11, pp. 7408–7419, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05181-2.Suche in Google Scholar
[30] M. Lay, N. L. N. Thajudin, Z. A. A. Hamid, A. Rusli, M. K. Abdullah, and R. K. Shuib, “Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of PLA, ABS and nylon 6 fabricated using fused deposition modeling and injection molding,” Composites, Part B, vol. 176, no. 1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107341.Suche in Google Scholar
[31] Y. Boztoprak, et al.., “Sound insulation performance of honeycomb core aluminum sandwich panels with flexible epoxy-based foam infill,” Compos. Struct., vol. 319, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117149.Suche in Google Scholar
[32] S. Islam, G. Bhat, and P. Sikdar, “Thermal and acoustic performance evaluation of 3D-printable PLA materials,” J. Build. Eng., vol. 67, no. 1, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105979.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Design optimization of bellow joints used in liquid propellant rocket engines
- Microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti6Al4V alloy recycled by waste chips vacuum arc melting
- High thermal stability effect of vanadium on the binary CuAl base alloy for a novel CuAlV high-temperature shape memory alloy
- Microstructure and properties of Co based laser cladded composite coatings
- Tribological and electrochemical corrosion behavior of binary Mg–3Zn novel hybrid composites for biodegradable implant applications
- Exfoliation behavior of EN AW 7020 with T6, step aging and ultrasonic impact peening processes
- Crash performance of a novel bio-inspired energy absorber produced by additive manufacturing using PLA and ABS materials
- Acoustic properties of ABS and PLA parts produced by additive manufacturing using different printing parameters
- A novel experimental method for measuring the direct tensile strength of concrete
- Usage of an improved YOLOv5 for steel surface defect detection
- Thermal analyses and weight gain modeling study on Ti–Al – based intermetallic coated Ti6Al4V alloy
- Effect of temperature on oxidation during boriding of Ni-Hard 4
- Wear behaviour of glass fiber reinforced polyester composites under dry friction and fluid film lubrication
- X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of MXene electrode material used in energy storage applications – a review
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Design optimization of bellow joints used in liquid propellant rocket engines
- Microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ti6Al4V alloy recycled by waste chips vacuum arc melting
- High thermal stability effect of vanadium on the binary CuAl base alloy for a novel CuAlV high-temperature shape memory alloy
- Microstructure and properties of Co based laser cladded composite coatings
- Tribological and electrochemical corrosion behavior of binary Mg–3Zn novel hybrid composites for biodegradable implant applications
- Exfoliation behavior of EN AW 7020 with T6, step aging and ultrasonic impact peening processes
- Crash performance of a novel bio-inspired energy absorber produced by additive manufacturing using PLA and ABS materials
- Acoustic properties of ABS and PLA parts produced by additive manufacturing using different printing parameters
- A novel experimental method for measuring the direct tensile strength of concrete
- Usage of an improved YOLOv5 for steel surface defect detection
- Thermal analyses and weight gain modeling study on Ti–Al – based intermetallic coated Ti6Al4V alloy
- Effect of temperature on oxidation during boriding of Ni-Hard 4
- Wear behaviour of glass fiber reinforced polyester composites under dry friction and fluid film lubrication
- X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of MXene electrode material used in energy storage applications – a review
