Startseite Actin(g) on mitochondria – a role for cofilin1 in neuronal cell death pathways
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Actin(g) on mitochondria – a role for cofilin1 in neuronal cell death pathways

  • Lena Hoffmann , Marco B. Rust und Carsten Culmsee EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 29. Juni 2019

Abstract

Actin dynamics, the coordinated assembly and disassembly of actin filaments (F-actin), are essential for fundamental cellular processes, including cell shaping and motility, cell division or organelle transport. Recent studies highlighted a novel role for actin dynamics in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function, for example, through mitochondrial recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a key factor in the mitochondrial fission machinery. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, and permanent fission and fusion is essential to maintain their function in energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we summarize recent insights into the emerging role of cofilin1, a key regulator of actin dynamics, for mitochondrial shape and function under physiological conditions and during cellular stress, respectively. This is of peculiar importance in neurons, which are particularly prone to changes in actin regulation and mitochondrial integrity and function. In neurons, cofilin1 may contribute to degenerative processes through formation of cofilin-actin rods, and through enhanced mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and the release of cytochrome c. Overall, mitochondrial impairment induced by dysfunction of actin-regulating proteins such as cofilin1 emerge as important mechanisms of neuronal death with relevance to acute brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease.

Award Identifier / Grant number: 2018_1_1_2

Funding statement: This work was supported by the DFG Research Training Group ‘Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling’, GRK 2213, Grant Number: 2018_1_1_2, Funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, DFG CU 43/12-1 and the FCMH Flexifunds to the Mitochondrial Network consortium.

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Received: 2019-01-18
Accepted: 2019-04-16
Published Online: 2019-06-29
Published in Print: 2019-08-27

© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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