Effect of hardening parameters of wood preservatives based on tannin copolymers
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Lukas Sommerauer
Abstract
Amongst polyphenols, tannins belong to the most effective chemical protection systems against biological attack on trees. Tannins are water-soluble and are thus leached out easily when used for wood protection. In situ polymerized tannin-hexamine wood preservatives have better leaching resistance (LR), but they do not resist weathering. In this study, tannin copolymer formulations were prepared with hexamine, formaldehyde, furfural, glyoxal, furfuryl alcohol and maleic anhydride, impregnated in wood, and cured at higher temperatures. The wood samples treated with these formulations were tested for their anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), leaching behavior, mechanical properties, and their resistance against fire, weathering and biological attack. Several tannin-treated specimens showed improved hardness and enhanced leaching and fire resistance. Some formulations also responded well to artificial weathering cycles, but natural weathering cycles deteriorated their performance. Samples treated with maleic anhydride showed improved leachability and high biological resistances, even without the addition of inorganic biocides. These organic and bio-friendly products can be considered as promising alternatives to heavy metal-based wood preservatives.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: The study was financed for one part by the European Union with the ERA-Net Wood Wisdom program and namely to the project “BIOCOPOL – Enhancing wood durability and physical properties through innovative bio-based sustainable treatments”.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
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Supplementary Material
The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/hf-2018-0130).
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Accessing the natural variation of the abundances of major lignans in the heartwood of Taiwania cryptomerioides by 1H-NMR and LC-MS profiling
- Rapid detection of several endangered agarwood-producing Aquilaria species and their potential adulterants using plant DNA barcodes coupled with high-resolution melting (Bar-HRM) analysis
- Changes in sorption and electrical properties of wood caused by fungal decay
- Effect of hardening parameters of wood preservatives based on tannin copolymers
- In situ polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTES) in poplar cell wall to enhance its dimensional stability
- Isolation of pure pinosylvins from industrial knotwood residue with non-chlorinated solvents
- Towards better UV-blocking and antioxidant performance of varnish via additives based on lignin and its colloids
- Thermal stability of lignin in ground pulp (GP) and the effect of lignin modification on GP’s thermal stability: TGA experiments with dimeric lignin model compounds and milled wood lignins
- Preparation, structural changes and adsorption performance of heavy metal ions on sulfonated cellulose with varying degrees of substitution
- Mass transport and yield during spinning of lignin-cellulose carbon fiber precursors
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Accessing the natural variation of the abundances of major lignans in the heartwood of Taiwania cryptomerioides by 1H-NMR and LC-MS profiling
- Rapid detection of several endangered agarwood-producing Aquilaria species and their potential adulterants using plant DNA barcodes coupled with high-resolution melting (Bar-HRM) analysis
- Changes in sorption and electrical properties of wood caused by fungal decay
- Effect of hardening parameters of wood preservatives based on tannin copolymers
- In situ polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 3-(methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTES) in poplar cell wall to enhance its dimensional stability
- Isolation of pure pinosylvins from industrial knotwood residue with non-chlorinated solvents
- Towards better UV-blocking and antioxidant performance of varnish via additives based on lignin and its colloids
- Thermal stability of lignin in ground pulp (GP) and the effect of lignin modification on GP’s thermal stability: TGA experiments with dimeric lignin model compounds and milled wood lignins
- Preparation, structural changes and adsorption performance of heavy metal ions on sulfonated cellulose with varying degrees of substitution
- Mass transport and yield during spinning of lignin-cellulose carbon fiber precursors
