Abstract
In this paper, a circular antenna with a 3-D printed substrate is introduced to achieve a multiband behavior. The circular antenna is matched using a key-shaped stub located on the perimeter of the designed antenna. The 3-DP circular antenna adopted the apollonian gasket technique to perform the multi-circular cuttings in the Polylactic Acid (PLA) substrate as an innovative technique to obtain quintuple bands. The proposed antenna is designed to operate for Bluetooth, WLAN, WiMAX, and other wireless applications in S-band and C-band. The designed antenna has a compact size of 61.1 × 43.6 × 1 mm3. The prototype of the suggested 3-D printed antenna is fabricated and measured to confirm the simulation results. A good agreement is evident between simulation and experimental results which validates the design concept.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
[1] E. MacDonald, R. Salas, D. Espalin, et al., “3D printing for the rapid prototyping of structural electronics,” IEEE Access, vol. 2, pp. 234–242, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2014.2311810.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] B. Sanz-Izquierdo and E. Parker, “3-D printing of elements in frequency selective arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 6060–6066, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2014.2359470.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] M. Liang, C. Shemelya, E. MacDonald, R. Wicker, and H. Xin, “3-D printed microwave patch antenna via fused deposition method and ultrasonic wire mesh embedding technique,” IEEE Antenn. Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 14, pp. 1346–1349, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2015.2405054.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] I. T. Nassar and T. M. Weller, “Development of novel 3-D cube antennas for compact wireless sensor nodes,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 60, pp. 1059–1065, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2011.2173121.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] S. Jun, B. Sanz-Izquierdo, J. Heirons, et al., “Circular polarised antenna fabricated with low-cost 3D and inkjet printing equipment,” Electron. Lett., vol. 53, pp. 370–371, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.4605.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] M. Rizwan, M. W. A. Khan, L. Sydänheimo, J. Virkki, and L. Ukkonen, “Flexible and stretchable brush-painted wearable antenna on a three-dimensional (3-D) printed substrate,” IEEE Antenn. Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 3108–3112, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2017.2763743.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] What is 3D printing and how it works. Available at: http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/ [accessed: Apr. 12, 2015].Suche in Google Scholar
[8] V. Kyovtorov, I. Georgiev, and S. Margeno, “New antenna design approach – 3D polymer printing and metallization experimental test at 14–18 GHz,” Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 73, pp. 119–128, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2016.12.017.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] S. Y. Jun, B. Sanz-Izquierdo, E. A. Parker, D. Bird, and A. McClelland, “Manufacturing considerations in the 3-D printing of fractal antennas,” IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., vol. 7, pp. 1891–1898, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2017.2730366.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] S. Moscato, R. Bahr, T. Le, and M. Pasian, “Infill-dependent 3-D-printed material based on Ninja Flex filament for antenna applications,” IEEE Antenn. Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 15, pp. 1506–1509, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2016.2516101.Suche in Google Scholar
[11] G. L. Huang, T. H. Chio, and T. S. Yeo, “Application of 3-D metal-direct-printing technique for waveguide antenna fabrication,” in Proceedings of 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antenna and Propagation (APSURSI), Vancouver, Canada, 2015, pp. 316–317, https://doi.org/10.1109/aps.2015.7304544.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] S. Das, P. P. Sarkar, and S. K. Chowdhury, “Design and analysis of a compact monitor-shaped multifrequency microstrip patch antenna,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 28, pp. 827–837, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2014.892441.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] D. Pal, R. Singhal, A. Joshi, and A. K. Bandyopadhyay, “Multiband planar antenna with CSRR loaded ground plane for WLAN and fixed satellite service applications,” Frequenz, vol. 74, pp. 393–399, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2020-0012.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] S. Das, P. P. Sarkar, and S. K. Chowdhury, “Design and analysis of a compact triple band slotted microstrip antenna with modified ground plane for wireless communication applications,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. B, vol. 60, pp. 215–225, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2528/pierb14070108.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] S. Das, P. P. Sarkar, and S. K. Chowdhury, “Investigations on miniaturized multifrequency microstrip patch antennas for wireless communication applications,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 27, pp. 1145–1162, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2013.802656.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] R. Patel, T. Upadhyaya, and A. Desai, “Low profile multiband meander antenna for LTE/WiMAX/WLAN and INSAT-C application,” Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 102, pp. 90–98, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2019.02.010.Suche in Google Scholar
[17] S. Das, P. P. Sarkar, and S. K. Chowdhury, “Modified π-shaped slot loaded multifrequency microstrip antenna,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. B, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 103–117, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2528/pierb15090905.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] A. Kaur and N. Sharma, ““A quad band circular patch antenna with fractal elements for S-band and C-band applications” by Elsevier Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 85, pp. 380–385, 2016,” Int. J. Comput. Appl., vol. 144, no. 3, pp. 1–4, 2016.10.5120/ijca2016910138Suche in Google Scholar
[19] S. Lakrit, S. Das, S. Ghosh, and B. T. P. Madhav, “Compact UWB flexible elliptical CPW-fed antenna with triple notch bands for wireless communications,” Int. J. RF Microw. Computer-Aided Eng., vol. 30, 2020, Art no. e22201, https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.22201.Suche in Google Scholar
[20] M. Mirzaee, S. Noghanian, and Y. Chang, “Low-profile bowtie antenna with 3D printed substrate,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 59, pp. 706–710, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.30379.Suche in Google Scholar
[21] A. W. Mohammad Saadh and R. Poonkuzhali, “A compact CPW fed multiband antenna for WLAN/INSAT/WPAN applications,” Int. J. Electron. Commer., vol. 109, pp. 119–128, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2019.07.007.Suche in Google Scholar
[22] M. A. Salamin, W. A. E. Ali, S. Das, and A. Zugari, “Design and investigation of a multi-functional antenna with variable wideband/notched UWB behavior for WLAN/X-band/UWB and Ku-band applications,” Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 111, p. 152895, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2019.152895.Suche in Google Scholar
[23] W. A. E. Ali, E. K. I. Hamad, and M. Z. M. Hamdallah, “Dual-band microstrip antenna for WiMAX applications using complementary split ring resonators,” in IEEE 33rd National Radio Science Conference (NRSC) 2016, At Aswan, Egypt, 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
[24] M. A. Salamin, W. A. E. Ali, and A. Zugari, “A novel UWB antenna using capacitively-loaded fork-shaped resonator and modified fork-shaped DMS for interference mitigation with WiMAX and WLAN applications,” J. Instrum., vol. 14, no. 03, 2019.10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/P03008Suche in Google Scholar
[25] E. K. I. Hamad, W. A. E. Ali, M. Z. M. Hamdalla, and M. A. Bassiuny, “High gain triple band microstrip antenna based on metamaterial superlens for wireless communication applications,” in 2018 International Conference on Innovative Trends in Computer Engineering (ITCE), Aswan, 2018, pp. 197–204, https://doi.org/10.1109/itce.2018.8316624.Suche in Google Scholar
[26] W. A. E. Ali and A. A. Ibrahim, “Tunable band-notched UWB antenna from WLAN to WiMAX with open loop resonators using lumped capacitors,” ACES J., vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 603–609, 2018.Suche in Google Scholar
[27] S. Lakrit, S. Das, A. El Alami, D. Barad, and S. A. Mohapatra, “Compact UWB monopole patch antenna with reconfigurable band-notched characteristics for Wi-MAX and WLAN applications,” Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 105, pp. 106–115, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2019.04.001.Suche in Google Scholar
[28] W. A. Ali, E. K. I. Hamad, M. A. Bassiuny, and M. M. M. Hamdallah, “Complementary split ring resonator based triple band microstrip antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications,” Radioengineering, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 78–84, 2017.10.13164/re.2017.0078Suche in Google Scholar
[29] A. E. Ahmed and W. A. E. Ali, “A novel multiband Antenna with 3D-printed multicircular substrate for wireless applications,” in 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), Istanbul, Turkey, 2020, pp. 1–5.10.1109/ICECCE49384.2020.9179192Suche in Google Scholar
[30] A. E. Ahmed and W. A. E. Ali, “Analysis and design of 3-D printed fractal triangular antenna for wireless communications applications,” in 2020 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), Istanbul, Turkey, 2020, pp. 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1109/icecce49384.2020.9179333.Suche in Google Scholar
[31] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, and I. Bahl, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, Boston, London, Artech House, 2001.Suche in Google Scholar
[32] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 4th ed. U.K., John Wiley & Sons, 2005.Suche in Google Scholar
[33] A. M. Ramly, N. A. Malek, and S. Y. Mohamad, “Design of a circular patch antenna for 3D printing,” in International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE), 2016.10.1109/ICCCE.2016.92Suche in Google Scholar
[34] A. Garhwal, M. R. Ahmad, and B. H. Ahmad, “Circular and elliptical shaped fractal patch antennas for multiple applications,” Int. J. Eng. Adv. Technol., vol. 8, no. 5, 2019, ISSN: 2249-8958.Suche in Google Scholar
[35] J. Terhzaz, A. Tribak, and F. Riouch, “Novel miniaturized multiband antenna and applications for smart navigation media,” Int. J. RF Microw. Computer-Aided Eng., vol. 29, p. e21940, 2019.10.1002/mmce.21940Suche in Google Scholar
[36] B. Gowrish and A. Basu, “Analysis and design of a dual-band stepped impedance PCB monopole antenna,” IETE J. Educat., vol. 58, pp. 29–38, 2017.10.1080/09747338.2017.1332495Suche in Google Scholar
[37] L. Kang, X. H. Wang, H. Li, and X. W. Shi, “Planar monopole antenna with a compact radiator for tri-band applications,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 57, pp. 706–709, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.28936.Suche in Google Scholar
[38] S. Ullah, F. Faisal, A. Ahmad, U. Ali, F. A. Tahir, and J. A. Flint, “Design and analysis of a novel tri-band flower-shaped planar antenna for GPS and WiMAX applications,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 31, pp. 927–940, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2017.1330160.Suche in Google Scholar
[39] R. S. Brar, K. Saurav, D. Sarkar, and K. V. Srivastava, “A quad-band dual-polarized monopole antenna for GNSS/UMTS/WLAN/WiMAX applications,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 60, pp. 538–545, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.31008.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- A planner Doherty power amplifier with harmonic suppression with open and short ended stubs
- Effect of moisture content on dielectric properties of banana leaves and peels in frequency range of 1–20 GHz
- Enhanced prompt trigger optical switching using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator for application on all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic function
- Switchable electromagnetic shield based on seawater
- Thermally switchable terahertz metasurface absorber composed of H-fractal and enabled by phase-change material of vanadium dioxide
- Sub-terahertz (THz) antenna for Internet of Things and 6G Communication
- An optimization of a reconfigurable CPW antenna for RF energy harvesting cognitive radio application
- Quintuple band circular monopole antenna with innovative 3-D printed PLA substrate for wireless applications
- A simple and compact broadband circularly polarized circular slot antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/DBS applications
- Design and Experimental Validation of Miniaturized Self-Triplexing Antenna Employing HMSIW
- Compact circular polarized CPW antenna for WLAN and biomedical applications
- Miniaturized frequency selective surface with high angular stability
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- A planner Doherty power amplifier with harmonic suppression with open and short ended stubs
- Effect of moisture content on dielectric properties of banana leaves and peels in frequency range of 1–20 GHz
- Enhanced prompt trigger optical switching using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator for application on all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic function
- Switchable electromagnetic shield based on seawater
- Thermally switchable terahertz metasurface absorber composed of H-fractal and enabled by phase-change material of vanadium dioxide
- Sub-terahertz (THz) antenna for Internet of Things and 6G Communication
- An optimization of a reconfigurable CPW antenna for RF energy harvesting cognitive radio application
- Quintuple band circular monopole antenna with innovative 3-D printed PLA substrate for wireless applications
- A simple and compact broadband circularly polarized circular slot antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/DBS applications
- Design and Experimental Validation of Miniaturized Self-Triplexing Antenna Employing HMSIW
- Compact circular polarized CPW antenna for WLAN and biomedical applications
- Miniaturized frequency selective surface with high angular stability