Dapsone for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis – applying theory to clinical practice with a focus on drug interactions
-
Carmela Emma Corallo
,
John Coutsouvelis
Abstract
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a potentially life-threatening infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals. The incidence can be as high as 80% in some groups but can be reduced to less than 1% with appropriate prophylaxis. HIV-infected patients with a low CD4 count are at the highest risk of PJP. Others at substantial risk include haematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, those with cancer (particularly haematologic malignancies), and those receiving glucocorticoids, chemotherapeutic agents, and other immunosuppressive medications. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an established first-line line agent for prevention and treatment of PJP. However, in some situations, this medication cannot be used and dapsone is considered a suitable cost-effective second line agent. However, information on potential interactions with drugs commonly used in immunosuppressed patients is lacking or contradictory. In this this article we review the metabolic pathway of dapsone with a focus on interactions and clinical significance particularly in patients with haematological malignancies. An understanding of this process should optimise the use of this agent.
Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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- Dapsone for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis – applying theory to clinical practice with a focus on drug interactions
- Original Articles
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- Exploring the potential of pyrazoline containing molecules as Aβ aggregation inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease
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- Drug–drug interaction of rivaroxaban and calcium channel blockers in patients aged 80 years and older with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
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- Protective effect of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) extract against scopolamine-induced memory loss and oxidative stress in mouse brain
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Editorial
- Clinical implementation of pharmacogenetics and personalized drug prescription based on e-health: the MedeA initiative
- Review
- Pain pharmacogenetics
- Herbal preparations in the management of hypothyroidism in Unani medicine
- Mini Review
- Dapsone for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis – applying theory to clinical practice with a focus on drug interactions
- Original Articles
- No effect of lipoic acid on catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4
- Exploring the potential of pyrazoline containing molecules as Aβ aggregation inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease
- Potential drug-drug interactions in ICU patients: a retrospective study
- Drug–drug interaction of rivaroxaban and calcium channel blockers in patients aged 80 years and older with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
- Silver sulfadiazine loaded breathable hydrogel sponge for wound healing
- Protective effect of Cyperus esculentus (tiger nut) extract against scopolamine-induced memory loss and oxidative stress in mouse brain
- Role of purinergic signaling pathways in the adaptogenic-like activity of methyl jasmonate in rats exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress
