4 Balochi: Literary Development, Status and Vitality
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Carina Jahani
Abstract
Balochi is spoken in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, the Gulf States, Turkmenistan, India and East Africa by at least 10 million people. Balochi is not an official language in any of these countries. Some attention was given to Balochi in British India during colonial times, and there has also been more of a movement to read and write Balochi in Pakistan than in Iran, where any use of regional languages in written form has been a suspect activity ever since the days of the Pahlavi monarchy. For this reason, as well as because of the lower level of education in Pakistan than in Iran, Balochi has remained stronger in Pakistan than in Iran. In today’s Iran, many Baloch parents speak Persian rather than Balochi to their children. The purpose of this article is to discuss the status and vitality of Balochi, mainly in Iran and Pakistan, and to describe the desire to preserve and promote Balochi among its speakers. Balochi as a language with a long oral literary tradition, as well as recent attempts towards developing a standard written language will also be addressed.
Abstract
Balochi is spoken in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, the Gulf States, Turkmenistan, India and East Africa by at least 10 million people. Balochi is not an official language in any of these countries. Some attention was given to Balochi in British India during colonial times, and there has also been more of a movement to read and write Balochi in Pakistan than in Iran, where any use of regional languages in written form has been a suspect activity ever since the days of the Pahlavi monarchy. For this reason, as well as because of the lower level of education in Pakistan than in Iran, Balochi has remained stronger in Pakistan than in Iran. In today’s Iran, many Baloch parents speak Persian rather than Balochi to their children. The purpose of this article is to discuss the status and vitality of Balochi, mainly in Iran and Pakistan, and to describe the desire to preserve and promote Balochi among its speakers. Balochi as a language with a long oral literary tradition, as well as recent attempts towards developing a standard written language will also be addressed.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgements V
- Foreword VII
- Contents IX
- 1 Introduction 1
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Part I: Iranian Minority Languages
- 2 At the Crossroads: Caspian Languages through a Sociolinguistic Lens 9
- 3 Mazandarani: Current Status and Future Prospects 37
- 4 Balochi: Literary Development, Status and Vitality 61
- 5 Attitudes Towards Tati Language Among its Native Speakers in Western Iran 83
- 6 The Bakhtiari Language: Maintenance or Shift? A Diachronic Survey on the Status of Bakhtiari in the City of Masjed Soleiman between 1996–2020 111
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Part II: Non-Iranian Minority Languages
- 7 Ebb and Flow of Azeri and Persian in Iran: A Longitudinal Study in the City of Zanjan 177
- 8 Language Shift and Language Maintenance among Turkmen Speakers 205
- 9 Language Change and Maintenance among Mandaic Speakers of Iran: A Socio-linguistic Study 231
- 10 Armenian Language and Identity in Iran: The Case of Iranian Armenians of Isfahan 249
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Part III: Iranian Heritage Languages in Diaspora
- 11 Wakhi in New York: Multilingualism and Language Contact in a Pamiri Diaspora Community 273
- 12 Language Maintenance and Language Shift: A Perspective from the First- Generation and Second-Generation Pashto Speakers Living in the United States and Canada 305
- 13 Persian as a Diasporic Language in the United States: A Survey of Heritage Persian Learners at College Level 333
- Index 379
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Acknowledgements V
- Foreword VII
- Contents IX
- 1 Introduction 1
-
Part I: Iranian Minority Languages
- 2 At the Crossroads: Caspian Languages through a Sociolinguistic Lens 9
- 3 Mazandarani: Current Status and Future Prospects 37
- 4 Balochi: Literary Development, Status and Vitality 61
- 5 Attitudes Towards Tati Language Among its Native Speakers in Western Iran 83
- 6 The Bakhtiari Language: Maintenance or Shift? A Diachronic Survey on the Status of Bakhtiari in the City of Masjed Soleiman between 1996–2020 111
-
Part II: Non-Iranian Minority Languages
- 7 Ebb and Flow of Azeri and Persian in Iran: A Longitudinal Study in the City of Zanjan 177
- 8 Language Shift and Language Maintenance among Turkmen Speakers 205
- 9 Language Change and Maintenance among Mandaic Speakers of Iran: A Socio-linguistic Study 231
- 10 Armenian Language and Identity in Iran: The Case of Iranian Armenians of Isfahan 249
-
Part III: Iranian Heritage Languages in Diaspora
- 11 Wakhi in New York: Multilingualism and Language Contact in a Pamiri Diaspora Community 273
- 12 Language Maintenance and Language Shift: A Perspective from the First- Generation and Second-Generation Pashto Speakers Living in the United States and Canada 305
- 13 Persian as a Diasporic Language in the United States: A Survey of Heritage Persian Learners at College Level 333
- Index 379