Band 41, Heft 5

Unified nonlinear spinorfield models are self-regularizing quantum field theories in which all observable (elementary and non-elementary) particles are assumed to be bound states of fermionic preon fields. Due to their large masses the preons themselves are confined and below the threshold of preon production the effective dynamics of the model is only concerned with bound state reactions. In preceding papers a functional energy representation, the statistical interpretation and the dynamical equations were derived and the effective dynamics for preonantipreon scalar boson states and three-preon fermion (and anti-fermion) states was studied in the low energy as well as in the high energy limit, leading to a functional energy representation of an effective Yukawa theory (with high energy form-factors). In this paper the effective dynamics of two-preon composite vector bosons is studied. The weak mapping of the functional energy representation of the spinorfield on to the functional energy representation for the effective vector boson dynamics (with interactions) produces a non-abelian SU (2) local gauge theory (Yang-Mills theory) for a triplet of mass-zero vector bosons in the temporal and Coulomb gauge. This special gauge is enforced by the use of the energy representation and is compatible with the nonlinear Yang-Mills dynamics (and quantization). Apart from the non-abelian Gauss-law all other field laws and constraints directly follow from the mapping procedure. The non-abelian Gauss-law is a consequence of the relativistic invariance of the effective dynamics. PACS 11.10 Field theory PACS 12.10 Unified field theories and models PACS 12.35 Composite models of particles

We introduce a multichannel “potential curves hopping” model and obtain the exact quantum mechanical S-matrix by solving the associated set of coupled second-order ordinary differential equations that describes the inelastic collisions between atomic particles. The only assumption is that the interaction matrix element between each pair of channels (say, γ and β) is of the form Uγ β (r) = U βγ (r) =: Uγ β δ( r - r γβ ), where δ (c) is the Dirac deltafunction, and r γβ and U γβ are parameters which can be chosen freely. Semiclassical techniques can be incorporated directly in the theory if the Schrödinger equations for the uncoupled channels allow this treatment. The formulation is particularized to the two-channel problem and illustrated with a semiclassical example the He + + Ne problem at 70.9 eV.

The interactions of magnetic hyperfine spectroscopy are expressed in irreducible tensoroperator form, suitable for applications to configurations l n with n equivalent electrons outside closed shells. The matrix elements are evaluated on the basis of Racah’s techniques. The familiar point-dipole approximation of the pseudocontact interaction is valid for n ≦ 2l + 1; a minus sign, however, must be introduced in this formula for n > 2l + 1.

Potential energy, dipole moment, and electronic transition moment functions for the A 3 Π and X 3 Σ - states of PH have been calculated from highly correlated electronic wavefunctions. The electric dipole moments in the vibrational ground state of PH are calculated to be 0.637 Debye (A 3 Π ) and 0.403 Debye (X 3 Σ - ). The predicted rates of spontaneous emission between low lying vibrational states of the X state lie in the range of 46 to 109 sec -1 (PH) and 12 to 30 sec -1 (PD). The calculated radiative lifetime of the v' = 0 level in the A 3 Π state of 400 ns is lower by about 10 percent than the most recent experimental value. The classical intersection of the 5 Σ - and the A 3 Π state has been calculated to lie between v' = 2 and 3 with an expected uncertainty of about 500 cm −1 , whereas the onset of the rotationally dependent predissociation lies at v' = 0, J' = 11.

The thermosolutal instability of a compressible plasma due to the effects of the ion Larmor radius is considered. The system is found to be stable for (C p / g ) ß < 1. The finite Larm or radius and the compressibility introduce oscillatory modes in the system for (C p /g) ß > 1. The compressibility, solute gradient and finite Larmor radius stabilize the stationary convection. The necessary conditions for overstability are also derived.

The compressibility and collisional effects on thermal instability of a composite medium are considered. The effect of compressibility is found to be stabilizing. In contrast to the nonoscillatory modes for (C p /g) ß > 1 in the absence of a magnetic field, C p , ß and g being the specific heat at constant pressure, a uniform adverse temperature gradient and the acceleration due to gravity respectively, the presence of a magnetic field introduces oscillatory modes in the system. The sufficient condition for non-existence of overstability is found. The magnetic field is found to have a stabilizing effect on the system for (C p /g) ß > 1.

Grinding of CsHSO 4 can create a low-energy state which relaxes at 375 K by a first order phase transition with an endothermic enthalpy change of 1.14kJ/mol. The formed low-energy state can be transferred by one-dimensional pressure to a higher energy state which relaxes at 333 K by a first order phase transition with an endothermic enthalpy change of 0.55 kJ/mol. This striking - previously unknown - behaviour is probably not limited to CsHSO 4 only, and it represents a new class of phase transitions. The involvement of the hydrogen bond present and the importance of water content are stressed. The temperatures and enthalpies of all three phase transitions of CsHSO 4 are determined by DSC.

11 B NMR chemical shifts and linewidths have been measured in very dilute aqueous solutions of boric acid and borates. The results can be explained bv taking pH dependent weighted averages over the species B(OH) 3 and B(OH) 4 − . The 11 B− 10 B primary isotope effect on the magnetic shielding is smaller then 3 · 10 -8 . The H 2 O - D 2 O solvent isotope effect on T 1 has been established for 11 B and 10 B in the species mentioned, and from the ratios of T 1 the quadrupolar origin of the relaxation mechanism has been inferred.

The ground state rotational spectrum of methyl thiocyanate has been investigated between 7 and 300 GHz (J ≦ 38 and K_ ≦ 25). An overall fit of the measurements using the Internal Axis Method has allowed us to accurately determine the internal rotation parameters. For the A substate effective rotational parameters are given which allow the calculation of transition frequencies of possible astrophysical interest.

We present an analysis of the rotational spectra of 70 GeH 4 , 72 GeH 4 and 74 GeH 4 in the vibrational ground state measured by microwave Fourier transform (MWFT) spectroscopy. All quartic, sextic and octic tensor centrifugal distortion constants have been determined. A discussion of spin-rotation and spin-spin interactions will be given in a subsequent paper.

The 14 N quadrupole hfs coupling has been studied in Para-fluoro-benzonitrile using the high resolution microwave Fourier transform spectrometer constructed at Kiel University. If interpreted within a simplified MO treatment, the data show that the out-off-plane p-electron density at the Nitrogen nucleus is appearently larger than the in-plane density, contrary to the prediction of a CNDO/2 calculation.

All independent components of all electric polarizability and hyperpolarizability tensors up to the fourth rank have been calculated near the Hartree-Fock limit for Li 2 (l σ g 2 1 σ u 2 2 σ g 2 X 1 Σ g + ). Many of the molecular properties reported in this paper appear for the first time in the literature. Our values for the isotropic components of the C, B and γ hyperpolarizabilities are 1487 e 2 a 0 4 E h −1 , −490 x 10 2 e 3 a 0 4 E h −2 and 510.5 x 10 3 e 4 a 0 4 E h −3 respectively.

Fluorescence quenching of anthracene has been studied in two-component mixtures of CCl 4 with cyclohexane, benzene, p-xylene and mesitylene. Non-typical quenching curves have been found in mixtures containing benzene and its derivatives.

Absolute soft x-ray measurements on laser heated gold cavities (0.25-1 mm diam.) yield brightness temperatures > 10 6 K. Comparison with theoretical work shows that the temperature in the cavity is determined by the diffusive loss of radiation into the wall.

The separation coefficient of copper isotopes, 63 Cu and 65 Cu, in the electromigration process through cation exchange m em brane was experimentally determined as 3.2 x l0 - 4 . The appropriate heating condition of low ionizing filament current for thermo-ionization mass spectrometry was developed and this method was applied to the copper isotope analysis in the present work.