Volume 144, Issue 1

The geographical information contained in text B of P. Wilbour has not been fully exploited. Completing text A, they suggest that the Memphite administration conducted the land surveys recorded in the papyrus with the consequence that the 17 th and 20 th Nomes of Upper Egypt (encompassing at that time the 18 th , 19 th , 21 th and 22 th Nomes) were probably administratively attached to Lower Egypt. It was also possible to propose the identification of Ope ( ʾIpt ) with modern Biba, P-Tjesy-Haur ( P Ꜣ -ṯsy-Ḥur ) with Saft Meidum and Onayna (ꜤꜢ n Ꜣ yn Ꜣ) with Greek Οννη, while Su ( Sw ) may have been located in the vicinity of Kiman al-Arus. Furthermore, W-ḥry-ı͗b , the Middle Country, as ʾIw-ḥry-ı͗b of the contending of Horus and Seth, probably designated a part of the valley comprised between the Nile and a perennial or seasonal and probably discontinuous waterway running in the central part of the floodplain from the Herakleopolite Nome to the region of Neferusi in the 16th Nome.

P. Mallorca I and II are identified as part of the lost sections of P. Berlin 3024, belonging to the lost beginning of The Debate between a Man and His Ba, and to the lost sections of The Tale of the Herdsman. A detailed material analysis is done, and a hypothesis for the origin of the fragments is discussed, in connection to P. Amherst III. The edition of the text is presented, together with a tentative reconstruction of P. Berlin 3024 + P. Amherst III + P. Mallorca II. Finally, a new interpretation of both the Debate and the Herdsman is proposed, based on a re-examination of the contents of both texts in connection with the new data provided by P. Mallorca I and II.

This article presents a case study for approaching the analysis of Ancient Egyptian words which describe aspects of childhood. After a methodological introduction, the Egyptian word will be used as a test case. Whilst is in some way related to childhood, it occurs only once in written evidence, and its specific meaning is unclear. Perhaps because of this, it has received little discussion in literature. However, a re-evaluation of the word suggests that despite its rareness, it is of both etymological and social interest. It will be argued here that is onomatopoeic, used specifically in reference to children of pre-speaking age. Establishing a context within which this word may have been employed in turn offers interesting information about how infancy was understood in Ancient Egypt.

Since it was published ostracon Amarna 297 was as-signed to the medical texts. New investigations show that instead of medical it contains a clearly literal text: the great Nile-hymn. With this identification, the ostracon Amarna 297 that clearly dates to the Amarna-period is the earliest evidence of the Nile-hymn.

Neugebauer critized Meyer’s hypothesis that the 365-day calendar resulted from observation of the heliacal risings of Sothis, maintaining that astronomical observation should have resulted in a year of 365.25 days. Instead, Neugebauer traced the 365-day calendar back to a Nile year based on computational equalization of varying successive intervals between minimum or maximum gauge readings. He did not propose the anachronistic calculation of the arithmetic average but alluded instead to a procedure using stroke marks allegedly resulting in years of 365 full days, while neglecting the quarter-day. Neugebauer and his collaborator Feller overlooked the fact that four successive years of 365.25 days equal 1461 full days and that the sums of numerous successive intervals between the same gauge values fractionize into multiples of Nile years of 365 and 366 full days. Thus, a revised analysis of long-term Nile year statistics produces the same results as a short-term observation of the heliacal risings of Sirius.

This paper proposes the publication of the hypocephalus Berlin ÄM 17336, characterized by bizarre iconographic details and poor hieroglyphic writing. Vignettes and texts in specimens of similar typology are examined and compared. The texts around the edge and in the various registers differ from those in the extant corpus of hypocephali, but in general they can be attributed to known typologies of text. Although the odd iconography and the poor handwriting suggest that the specimen is a modern forgery, other elements indicate that it could have been made in the Roman period by an unskilled person enticed by satirical material.

Petrie describes in „Researches in Sinai“ an expedition into Serabit el-Khadim to extract minerals. Newer excavations in Ayn Soukhna allow insight into the reduction of malachite to copper. Reducing malachite to copper proves to be a very energy-intensive process. To obtain the necessary temperatures over a sufficiently long period of time a surprisingly high amount of charcoal has to be mixed with small-grained mineral under constant air supply. In dry climate wood grows comparatively slowly which translates into requirements of larger wooded areas to provide enough wood for the production of charcoal. This research paper aims at collecting pertinent data to improve the transparency of these processes. But only additional parameters will allow better models and help to paint a clearer picture.

Hedwig Fechheimer’s Plastik der Aegypter and the first edition of Heinrich Schäfer’s Von ägyptischer Kunst were published respectively directly before and after the First World War. In these books, two very different theories about Egyptian art were presented, the intellectual premises of which are explored in this article. Fechheimer’s perception of Cubism in France serves as one starting point and Schäfer’s numerous quotations from German literature, particularly from Goethe’s works, as a second. This study leads to Schäfer’s connection to the Fichte-Gesellschaft von 1914 , his proximity to the journal Deutsches Volkstum , and finally to the question of his relationship to National Socialism. The positions of the two authors to the evolutionistic perception of art during this period are an important point of comparison.

This paper introduces Jean Clédat (1871–1943) and his years of work on the site of Meir in Middle Egypt as well as his unfulfilled plans for publication based on the manuscript now housed in the Louvre Archives. The French Egyptologist, particularly known for his excavation works at Bawit (1901–1905), left an extensive artistic and scientific estate. His remarkable drawing skills made iconographic and epigraphic documentation a prominent aspect of his research. As a member of the Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale since 1899, Clédat worked on various archaeological sites in Egypt. The study of the Necropolis of Meir was central to his work between 1899 and 1901. Meir was intended to be one of Clédat’s major projects but remained incomplete and never made it to publication.