Volume 10, Issue 4 - Topical Issue: Instantons, coherent sheaves and their moduli spaces

We review a construction of Ellingsrud-Strømme relating instantons of charge n on the ordinary projective space and theta-characteristics on a plane curve of degree n with some extra-structure.

We introduce the notion of an instanton bundle on a Fano threefold of index 2. For such bundles we give an analogue of a monadic description and discuss the curve of jumping lines. The cases of threefolds of degree 5 and 4 are considered in a greater detail.

Symplectic instanton vector bundles on the projective space ℙ3 constitute a natural generalization of mathematical instantons of rank-2. We study the moduli space I n;r of rank-2r symplectic instanton vector bundles on ℙ3 with r ≥ 2 and second Chern class n ≥ r, n ≡ r (mod 2). We introduce the notion of tame symplectic instantons by excluding a kind of pathological monads and show that the locus I n;r* of tame symplectic instantons is irreducible and has the expected dimension, equal to 4n(r + 1) −r(2r + 1).

In this article, we survey recent work on the construction and geometry of representations of a quiver in the category of coherent sheaves on a projective algebraic manifold. We will also prove new results in the case of the quiver • ← • → •.

This paper aims to construct a full strongly exceptional collection of line bundles in the derived category D b(X), where X is the blow up of ℙn−r ×ℙr along a multilinear subspace ℙn−r−1×ℙr−1 of codimension 2 of ℙn−r ×ℙr. As a main tool we use the splitting of the Frobenius direct image of line bundles on toric varieties.

We establish a decomposability criterion for linear sheaves on ℙn. Applying it to instanton bundles, we show, in particular, that every rank 2n instanton bundle of charge 1 on ℙn is decomposable. Moreover, we provide an example of an indecomposable instanton bundle of rank 2n − 1 and charge 1, thus showing that our criterion is sharp.

Let C be an irreducible smooth projective curve, of genus at least two, defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. For a fixed line bundle L on C, let M C (r; L) be the coarse moduli space of semistable vector bundles E over C of rank r with ∧r E = L. We show that the Brauer group of any desingularization of M C(r; L) is trivial.

Let C be a smooth projective curve over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic. Let M r,Lss denote the projective coarse moduli scheme of semistable rank r vector bundles over C with fixed determinant L. We prove Pic(M r,Lss) = ℤ, identify the ample generator, and deduce that M r,Lss is locally factorial. In characteristic zero, this has already been proved by Drézet and Narasimhan. The main point of the present note is to circumvent the usual problems with Geometric Invariant Theory in positive characteristic.

This is a slightly expanded version of the talk given by the first author at the conference Instantons in complex geometry, at the Steklov Institute in Moscow. The purpose of this talk was to explain the algebraic results of our paper Abelian Yang-Mills theory on Real tori and Theta divisors of Klein surfaces. In this paper we compute determinant index bundles of certain families of Real Dirac type operators on Klein surfaces as elements in the corresponding Grothendieck group of Real line bundles in the sense of Atiyah. On a Klein surface these determinant index bundles have a natural holomorphic description as theta line bundles. In particular we compute the first Stiefel-Whitney classes of the corresponding fixed point bundles on the real part of the Picard torus. The computation of these classes is important, because they control to a large extent the orientability of certain moduli spaces in Real gauge theory and Real algebraic geometry.

We survey some parts of the vast literature on vector bundles on Hirzebruch surfaces, focusing on the rank-two case.

We announce some results on compactifying moduli spaces of rank 2 vector bundles on surfaces by spaces of vector bundles on trees of surfaces. This is thought as an algebraic counterpart of the so-called bubbling of vector bundles and connections in differential geometry. The new moduli spaces are algebraic spaces arising as quotients by group actions according to a result of Kollár. As an example, the compactification of the space of stable rank 2 vector bundles with Chern classes c 1 = 0, c 1 = 2 on the projective plane is studied in more detail. Proofs are only indicated and will appear in separate papers.

We show that certain moduli spaces of vector bundles over blown-up primary Hopf surfaces admit no compact components. These are the moduli spaces used by Andrei Teleman in his work on the classification of class VII surfaces.

Let E be an indecomposable rank two vector bundle on the projective space ℙn, n ≥ 3, over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. It is well known that E is arithmetically Buchsbaum if and only if n = 3 and E is a null-correlation bundle. In the present paper we establish an analogous result for rank two indecomposable arithmetically Buchsbaum vector bundles on the smooth quadric hypersurface Q n ⊂ ℙn+1, n ≥ 3. We give in fact a full classification and prove that n must be at most 5. As to k-Buchsbaum rank two vector bundles on Q 3, k ≥ 2, we prove two boundedness results.

We review some facts about rank two arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay bundles on quintic threefolds. In particular, we separate them into seventeen natural classes, only fourteen of which can appear on a general quintic. We discuss some enumerative problems arising from these.

We prove irreducibility of the scheme of morphisms, of degree large enough, from a smooth elliptic curve to spinor varieties. We give an explicit bound on the degree.

The Gauss-Manin connection for nonabelian cohomology spaces is the isomonodromy flow. We write down explicitly the vector fields of the isomonodromy flow and calculate its induced vector fields on the associated graded space of the nonabelian Hogde filtration. The result turns out to be intimately related to the quadratic part of the Hitchin map.

Let X be a complex smooth projective variety, and G a locally free sheaf on X. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between pairs (Λ, Ξ), where Λ is a sheaf of almost polynomial filtered algebras over X satisfying Simpson’s axioms and $ \equiv :Gr\Lambda \to Sym \bullet _{\mathcal{O}_X } \mathcal{G}$ is an isomorphism, and pairs (L, Σ), where L is a holomorphic Lie algebroid structure on $\mathcal{G}$ and Σ is a class in F 1 H 2(L, ℂ), the first Hodge filtration piece of the second cohomology of L. As an application, we construct moduli spaces of semistable flat L-connections for any holomorphic Lie algebroid L. Particular examples of these are given by generalized holomorphic bundles for any generalized complex structure associated to a holomorphic Poisson manifold.

We study a holomorphic equivariant cohomology built out of the Atiyah algebroid of an equivariant holomorphic vector bundle and prove a related localization formula. This encompasses various residue formulas in complex geometry, in particular we shall show that it contains as special cases Carrell-Liebermann’s and Feng-Ma’s residue formulas, and Baum-Bott’s formula for the zeroes of a meromorphic vector field.

We provide generalizations of the notions of Atiyah class and Kodaira-Spencer map to the case of framed sheaves. Moreover, we construct closed two-forms on the moduli spaces of framed sheaves on surfaces. As an application, we define a symplectic structure on the moduli spaces of framed sheaves on some birationally ruled surfaces.

Let X be a hyperkähler manifold deformation equivalent to the Hilbert square of a K3 surface and let φ be an involution preserving the symplectic form. We prove that the fixed locus of φ consists of 28 isolated points and one K3 surface, and moreover that the anti-invariant lattice of the induced involution on H 2(X, ℤ) is isomorphic to E 8(−2). Finally we show that any couple consisting of one such manifold and a symplectic involution on it can be deformed into a couple consisting of the Hilbert square of a K3 surface and the involution induced by a symplectic involution on the K3 surface.

Let (S, H) be a polarized K3 surface. We define Brill-Noether filtration on moduli spaces of vector bundles on S. Assume that (c 1(E), H) > 0 for a sheaf E in the moduli space. We give a formula for the expected dimension of the Brill-Noether subschemes. Following the classical theory for curves, we give a notion of Brill-Noether generic K3 surfaces. Studying correspondences between moduli spaces of coherent sheaves of different ranks on S, we prove our main theorem: polarized K3 surface which is generic in the sense of moduli is also generic in the sense of Brill-Noether theory (here H is the positive generator of the Picard group of S). The harder part of the proof is proving the non-emptiness of the Brill-Noether loci. In the case of algebraic curves such a theorem, proved by Griffiths and Harris and, independently, by Lazarsfeld, is sometimes called the strong theorem of the Brill-Noether theory. We finish by considering a number of projective examples. In particular, we construct explicitly Brill-Noether special K3 surfaces of genus 5 and 6 and show the relation with the theory of Brill-Noether special curves.

We introduce a notion of Jacobi-Bernoulli cohomology associated to a semi-simplicial Lie algebra (SELA). For an algebraic scheme X over ℂ, we construct a tangent SELA J X and show that the Jacobi-Bernoulli cohomology of J X is related to infinitesimal deformations of X.