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1 The Return of Security: Shifting Perceptions of the State(craft) in UK–China Relations

  • Shaun Breslin
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Abstract

In October 2015, Xi Jinping’s arrival in the UK was hailed as evidence of a new ‘Golden Era’ of UK–China relations as the UK government sought to establish itself as China’s best friend in Europe. By the end of the decade, the dominant narrative in the UK focused on the challenges and even threats that China posed for not just the UK, but the very nature of the global order itself. In truth, the preferred Golden Era narrative of the Cameron government was not as representative of the wider discourse on China as its political predominance during Cameron’s premiership made it appear, and the shift in the narrative can partly be explained by the change in personnel at the top of the governing Conservative Party. The bipartisan position on China in the US also influenced debates in the UK. Arguably most important, though, were the material changes in the nature of the UK–China economic relationship and changes in China itself, both in terms of Chinese domestic politics and Xi Jinping’s intent to push alternatives to the liberal rules-based international order.

Abstract

In October 2015, Xi Jinping’s arrival in the UK was hailed as evidence of a new ‘Golden Era’ of UK–China relations as the UK government sought to establish itself as China’s best friend in Europe. By the end of the decade, the dominant narrative in the UK focused on the challenges and even threats that China posed for not just the UK, but the very nature of the global order itself. In truth, the preferred Golden Era narrative of the Cameron government was not as representative of the wider discourse on China as its political predominance during Cameron’s premiership made it appear, and the shift in the narrative can partly be explained by the change in personnel at the top of the governing Conservative Party. The bipartisan position on China in the US also influenced debates in the UK. Arguably most important, though, were the material changes in the nature of the UK–China economic relationship and changes in China itself, both in terms of Chinese domestic politics and Xi Jinping’s intent to push alternatives to the liberal rules-based international order.

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