4 ANCESTRAL AREAS

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. PREFACE v
3. CONTENTS ix
4. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY? 1
5. I METHODS IN HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY
6. 1 DISTRIBUTION AREAS AND AREAS OF ENDEMISM 21
7. 2 CENTER OF ORIGIN AND DISPERSAL 30
8. 3 PHYLOGENETIC BIOGEOGRAPHY 37
9. 4 ANCESTRAL AREAS 42
10. 5 PANBIOGEOGRAPHY 53
11. 6 CLADISTIC BIOGEOGRAPHY 67
12. 7 PARSIMONY ANALYSIS OF ENDEMICITY 86
13. 8 EVENT-BASED METHODS 100
14. 9 PHYLOGEOGRAPHY 118
15. 10 EXPERIMENTAL BIOGEOGRAPHY 127
16. 11 A COMPARISON OF METHODS: THE CASE OF THE SOUTHERN BEECHES 132
17. II TOPICS IN HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY
18. 12 MOLECULAR PHYLOGENIES IN BIOGEOGRAPHY 151
19. 13 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION EVALUATIONS 160
20. 14 SPECIES INTRODUCTION 174
21. CONCLUSION: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE FUTURE 180
22. APPENDIX A: PHYLOGENY 185
23. APPENDIX B: SOFTWARE IN HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY 194
24. GLOSSARY 203
25. WORKS CITED 210
26. INDEX 240