Influence of Extrusion Conditions on the Rheological Behavior of Nuclear Bituminized Waste Products
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M. Mouazen
Abstract
In France, bitumen has been used since four decades as a container material for low/intermediate activity and long lifetime radionuclides. Industrial Bituminized Waste Products (BWP) are produced by continuous extrusion of 60 wt.% bitumen and 40 wt.% salts, in which a very small fraction is radioactive. These incorporated salts are, in majority, of two types: soluble or insoluble. During storage, the organic matrix subjected to irradiation produces gases, which can give rise to BWP swelling in the container and then to a possible overflow. The extent of gas production is directly linked to the degree of dispersion of the salts into the bitumen matrix. To quantify this dispersion, the effect of extrusion operating conditions, such as feed rate and screw speed, have been studied using a laboratory scale co-rotating twin screw extruder. BWP rheological characterization shows the development of a pseudo-solid plateau at low frequency and a change in the linear viscoelastic domain when screw speed and feed rate are varied, indicating a modification of the dispersion state. Samples characterization with environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) confirms in the case of insoluble and soluble salts a change in the number of agglomerates, accompanied by an improvement of the dispersion at high screw speed but less remarkable with the feed rate. A Carreau-Yasuda law with a yield stress is proposed to describe the rheological behaviour of these materials. The effects of volume fraction and maximum volume fraction on viscosity are described using a Krieger-Dougherty equation.
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© 2011, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich
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- Model and Numerical Simulation for the Second Penetration in Water-assisted Injection Molding
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Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Contents
- Regular Contributed Articles
- Applicability of the Impact Response Analysis Method for Reinforced Concrete Beams Mixed with Polyvinyl Alcohol Short Fibers
- Epoxy-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Applied to Powder Coatings
- Direct Imprinting Using Magnetic Nickel Mold and Electromagnetism Assisted Pressure for Replication of Microstructures
- Automated Mold Heating System Using High Frequency Induction with Feedback Temperature Control
- The Prediction of Bowing Distortion of Film after Transverse Stretching with Consideration of Heated Air Flow in a Tenter
- The Influence of Injection Molding and Injection Compression Molding on Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Polymer Microfabrication
- A Design-of-Experiment Study on the Microcellular Extrusion of Sub-critical CO2 Saturated PLA Pellets
- Optimization of Injection Molding Process for SGF and PTFE Reinforced PC Composites Using Response Surface Methodology and Simulated Annealing Approach
- Flow Visualisation in Co-rotating Twin Screw Extruders: Positron Emission Particle Tracking and Numerical Particle Trajectories
- The Influence of Melt and Process Parameters on the Quality and Occurrence of Part Defects in Water-assisted Injection Molded Tubes
- Model and Numerical Simulation for the Second Penetration in Water-assisted Injection Molding
- Influence of Extrusion Conditions on the Rheological Behavior of Nuclear Bituminized Waste Products
- Influence of Dicumyl Peroxide Content on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polylactide
- Rapid Communications
- Calculation of Average Residence Time in a Ko-kneader
- PPS-News
- PPS News
