Home Poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-(styrene-ran-maleic anhydride)2 Compatibilizers via Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-(styrene-ran-maleic anhydride)2 Compatibilizers via Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization

  • B. Lessard , C. Aumand-Bourque , R. Chaudury , D. Gomez , A. Haroon , N. Ibrahimian , S. Mackay , M.-C. Noel , R. Patel , S. Sitaram , S. Valla , B. White and M. Maric
Published/Copyright: April 6, 2013
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
International Polymer Processing
From the journal International Polymer Processing Volume 26 Issue 2

Abstract

Telechelic poly(ethylene-ran-butylene) initiator terminated with [tert-butyl[1-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-2,2-dimethylpropyl]amino] nitroxide groups (PEB-(SG1)2) was used to initiate the controlled radical copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA) and styrene (ST). The ST/MA copolymerizations were performed in 1,4-dioxane at 110°C and resulted in PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2 triblock copolymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (M¯m/M¯n≈1.5). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) indicated that the initiator used was ≈93% efficient. The resulting copolymers were then blended as 20 wt.% dispersions in nylon 6 (PA6) at 230°C. With as little as 10 mol.% of MA in the feed to make the PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2, blends were deemed dynamically compatibilized based on the reduced particle size. All of the PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2/PA6 blends resulted in a minor phase particle size D¯vs=0.1 μm while the PEB-b-P(ST)/PA6 blend had D¯vs=1.15 μm (i.e. no MA in the copolymer). Tensile testing revealed yield stresses and strains decreased steadily from pure PA6 to non-reactive PEB-b-P(ST)2/PA6 to PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2/PA6. However, no difference in tensile properties was observed between PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2/PA6 samples made from PEB-b-P(ST-ran-MA)2 copolymer of varying MA content.

∗ Mail address: Milan Maric, Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. E-mail:

Dedicated to Prof. Chris Macosko on the occasion of his 65th birthday and presented at the PPS-26 meeting at Banff, AB, Canada, July 4–8, 2010

References

Becker, H. G., Schmidt-Naake, G., “Modification of Poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) with Amino Alcohols in the Melt”, Chem. Eng. Technol., 25, 37–41(2002)10.1002/1521-4125(200201)25:1<37::AID-CEAT37>3.0.CO;2-JSearch in Google Scholar

Bucknall, C. B., Paul, D. R., “Notched Impact Behavior of Polymer Blends: Part 1: New Model for Particle Size Dependence”, Polymer, 50, 5539–5548(2009)10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.059Search in Google Scholar

Cernohous, J. J., et al., “Anionic Synthesis of Polymers Functionalized with a Terminal Anhydride Group”, Macromolecules, 30, 5213–5219(1997)10.1021/ma9702096Search in Google Scholar

Charleux, B., et al., “Theoretical Expression of the Average Activation-Deactivation Equilibrium Constant in Controlled/living Free-Radical Copolymerization Operating via Reversible Termination. Application to a Strongly Improved Control in Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate”, Macromolecules., 38, 5485–5492(2005)10.1021/ma050087eSearch in Google Scholar

Clément, B., et al., “Convenient Access to Biocompatible Block Copolymers from SG1-Based Aliphatic Polyester Macro-Alkoxyamines”, Biomacromolecules, 10, 1436–1445(2009)10.1021/bm900003fSearch in Google Scholar

Fukuda, T., et al., “Mechanisms and Kinetics of Nitroxide-Controlled Free Radical Polymerization” Macromolecules, 29, 6393–6398(1996)Search in Google Scholar

Guégan, P., et al., “Kinetics of Chain Coupling at Melt Interfaces”, Macromolecules, 27, 4993–4997(1994)10.1021/ma00096a022Search in Google Scholar

Godoy Lopez, R., et al., “Synthesis of Well-defined Polymer Architectures by Successive Catalytic Olefin Polymerization and Living/Controlled Polymerization Reactions”, Prog. Polym. Sci., 32, 419–454(2007)10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.01.004Search in Google Scholar

Jeon, H. K., et al., “Reactively Formed Block and Graft Copolymers as Compatibilizers for Polyamide 66/PS Blends”, Polymer, 45, 197–206(2004)10.1016/j.polymer.2003.10.099Search in Google Scholar

Jeon, H. K., et al., “Coupling Reactions of End- vs Mid-Functional Polymers”, Macromolecules, 37, 2563–2571(2004)10.1021/ma030581nSearch in Google Scholar

Keizer, H. M., R., et al., “Scale-up of the Synthesis of Ureidopyrimidinone Functionalized Telechelic Poly(ethylenebutylene)”, Polymer, 44, 5505–5511(2003)10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00631-1Search in Google Scholar

Kipp, D. O., “Plastic Material Data Sheets”, MatWeb – Division of Automation Creation Inc., New York(2004)Search in Google Scholar

Lessard, B., et al., “Styrene/tert-Butyl Acrylate Random Copolymers Synthesized by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization: Effect of Free Nitroxide on Kinetics and Copolymer Composition”, Macromolecules, 40, 9284–9292(2007)10.1021/ma071689wSearch in Google Scholar

Lessard, B., et al., “Styrene/Acrylic Acid Random Copolymers Synthesized by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization: Effect of Free Nitroxide on Kinetics and Copolymer Composition”, Macromolecules, 41, 3446–345410.1021/ma0718604Search in Google Scholar

Lessard, B., Maric, M., “One-Step Poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)-b-poly(styrene) Copolymers with Highly Alternating Styrene/Maleic Anhydride Sequences Are Possible by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization”, Macromolecules, 43, 879–885(2010)10.1021/ma902234tSearch in Google Scholar

Macosko, C. W., et al., “Compatibilizers for Melt Blending: Premade Block Copolymers”, Macromolecules, 29, 5590–5598(1996)10.1021/ma9602482Search in Google Scholar

Odian, G.: Principles of Polymerization, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey(2004)10.1002/047147875XSearch in Google Scholar

Oshinski, A. J., et al., “Rubber Toughening of Polyamides with Functionalized Block Copolyrners: 1. Nylon-6”, Polymer, 33, 268–283(1992)10.1016/0032-3861(92)90984-5Search in Google Scholar

Park, E.-S., et al., “Living Radical Copolymerization of Styrene/Maleic Anhydride”, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem., 38, 2239–2244(2000)10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(20000615)38:12<2239::AID-POLA120>3.0.CO;2-USearch in Google Scholar

Patten, T. E. M. K., “Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and the Synthesis of Polymeric Materials”, Adv. Mater., 10, 901–915(1998)10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199808)10:12<901::AID-ADMA901>3.0.CO;2-BSearch in Google Scholar

Sierra, C. A., et al., “Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(styrene-b-ethylene-co-butylene-b-styrene) Triblock Copolymers”, Polymer, 38, 4325–4335(1997)10.1016/S0032-3861(96)01045-2Search in Google Scholar

Zhao, Y., et al., “The Synthesis of Modified Polyethylene via Coordination Polymerization Followed by ATRP, RAFT, NMRP or ROP”, Prog. Polym. Sci., 35, 1195–1216(2010)10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.05.002Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2010-09-24
Accepted: 2010-12-19
Published Online: 2013-04-06
Published in Print: 2011-05-01

© 2011, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Regular Contributed Articles
  4. Thermal Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Graft Copolymers from Polystyrene and Polyvinyl Propionate with Polyaniline
  5. Opto-thermo-mechanical Characterization for Polyester and Polyamide Surgical Sutures
  6. Study on Creep Behavior of PP/CaCO3 Molded by Vibration Injection Molding at Different Vibration Frequency and Vibration Pressure
  7. Investigation of the Moldability Parameters of PEG Based Steatite Feedstocks by Powder Injection Molding
  8. Factorial Optimisation of the Effects of Melt Spinning Conditions on Biodegradable As-spun Aliphatic-Aromatic Co-Polyester Fibres
  9. Erosion Behavior of Glass-epoxy Composites Filled with SiC from Bamboo Leaf
  10. Modelling Behaviour of PET for Stretch and Micro-Blow Moulding Applications Using an Elasto-Visco-Plastic Material Model
  11. Melting in a Single Screw Extruder: Experiments and 3D Finite Element Simulations
  12. Poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-(styrene-ran-maleic anhydride)2 Compatibilizers via Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization
  13. Formation and Biodegradation of Polyethylene-based Electret Films
  14. Microstructural Evolution of PP/EPDM/Organoclay Nanocomposites in a Twin Screw Extruder
  15. Effect of Processing Conditions on Properties of PET/Clay Nanocomposite Films
  16. Rapid Communications
  17. The Use of Apparent Yield Stress to Characterize Exfoliation in Polymer Nanocomposites
  18. PPS-News
  19. PPS News
https://doi.org/10.3139/217.2425

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Regular Contributed Articles
  4. Thermal Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Graft Copolymers from Polystyrene and Polyvinyl Propionate with Polyaniline
  5. Opto-thermo-mechanical Characterization for Polyester and Polyamide Surgical Sutures
  6. Study on Creep Behavior of PP/CaCO3 Molded by Vibration Injection Molding at Different Vibration Frequency and Vibration Pressure
  7. Investigation of the Moldability Parameters of PEG Based Steatite Feedstocks by Powder Injection Molding
  8. Factorial Optimisation of the Effects of Melt Spinning Conditions on Biodegradable As-spun Aliphatic-Aromatic Co-Polyester Fibres
  9. Erosion Behavior of Glass-epoxy Composites Filled with SiC from Bamboo Leaf
  10. Modelling Behaviour of PET for Stretch and Micro-Blow Moulding Applications Using an Elasto-Visco-Plastic Material Model
  11. Melting in a Single Screw Extruder: Experiments and 3D Finite Element Simulations
  12. Poly(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-(styrene-ran-maleic anhydride)2 Compatibilizers via Nitroxide Mediated Radical Polymerization
  13. Formation and Biodegradation of Polyethylene-based Electret Films
  14. Microstructural Evolution of PP/EPDM/Organoclay Nanocomposites in a Twin Screw Extruder
  15. Effect of Processing Conditions on Properties of PET/Clay Nanocomposite Films
  16. Rapid Communications
  17. The Use of Apparent Yield Stress to Characterize Exfoliation in Polymer Nanocomposites
  18. PPS-News
  19. PPS News
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 25.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/217.2425/html
Scroll to top button