Skip to main content
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

The precipitation of η phase in an Fe-Ni-based superalloy with different Ti/Al ratios

  • , , and
Published/Copyright: August 17, 2013
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 104 Issue 4

Abstract

In this research, the formation and transformation mechanisms of η (Ni3Ti) phase in an Fe-Ni-based superalloy at different Ti/Al ratios were investigated. In addition to Ti content, Ti/Al ratio also affects the η phase. So alloys with different Ti/Al ratios were prepared and the microstructures were analysed using optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The alloy with lower Ti but higher Ti/Al ratio has a higher η volume fraction. Time-temperature-precipitation diagrams of η phase in the superalloys with different Ti/Al ratios are also presented. Based on the experimental results, when the Ti/Al ratio was decreased from 20 to 3, the time and temperature of η precipitation shifted to longer and higher values, respectively, and the η volume fraction decreased. Ti/Al of 3 could significantly retard the formation of η phase. Depending on the Ti/Al ratio, and the time and temperature of ageing, η was precipitated at twin and grain boundaries or inside the grains, either by γ′ → η transformation or directly by formation of austenite. It was also shown that a high Ti/Al ratio in the alloy would reduce the fraction of twin boundaries after solution annealing which affects the η phase nucleation.

Keywords: Fe–Ni-based superalloy; η phase transformation; Ti/Al ratio; Time–temperature–precipitation diagram
* Correspondence address, Prof. Shahram Kheirandish, Narmak-16846-13114, Tehran, Iran, Tel.: 0098 21 77459151, Fax: 0098 21 77240480, E-mail:

References

[1] M.J.Zhao, Z.F.Guo, H.Liang, L.J.Rong: Mat. Sci. Eng. A527 (2010) 5844. 10.1016/j.msea.2010.05.070Search in Google Scholar

[2] A.H.Mustafa, M.S.Hashmi, B.S.Yilbas, M.Sunard: J. Mater. Process. Tech.201 (2008) 369. 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.11.264Search in Google Scholar

[3] B.S.Rho, S.W.Nam, X.Xie: J. Mater. Sci.37 (2002) 203. 10.1023/A:1013147319646Search in Google Scholar

[4] Z.Guo, H.Liang, M.Zhao, L.Rong: Mat. Sci. Eng. A527(2010) 6620. 10.1016/j.msea.2010.06.073Search in Google Scholar

[5] K.J.Ducki, M.Hetmanczyk, D.Kuc: Mat. Chem. Phys.81 (2003) 490. 10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00050-6Search in Google Scholar

[6] S.Zhao, X.Xie, G.D.Smith, S.J.Patel: Mater. Design27 (2006) 1120. 10.1016/j.matdes.2005.03.015Search in Google Scholar

[7] B.S.Rho, S.W.Nam: Mat. Sci. Eng. A291 (2000) 54. 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00975-8Search in Google Scholar

[8] H.D.Cicco, M.I.Luppo, L.M.Gribaudo, J.Ovejero-Garcıa: Mater. Charact.52 (2004) 85. 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.03.007Search in Google Scholar

[9] C.Y.Cui, Y.F.Gu, D.H.Ping, H.Harada, T.Fukuda: Mat. Sci. Eng. A485 (2008) 651. 10.1016/j.msea.2007.08.047Search in Google Scholar

[10] F.Long, Y.S.Yoo, C.Y.Jo, S.M.Seo, Y.S.Song, T.Jin, Z.Q.Hu: Mat. Sci. Eng. A527 (2009) 361. 10.1016/j.msea.2009.09.016Search in Google Scholar

[11] W.Wen-juan, H.Guang-wei, D.Bo: J. Iron Steel Res. Int.17 (2010) 64.Search in Google Scholar

[12] K.Kusabiraki, E.Amada, T.Ooka, S.Saji: ISIJ Int.37 (1997) 80. 10.2355/isijinternational.37.80Search in Google Scholar

[13] Metals Handbook, vol. 9: Metallography and Microstructures, 9th ed.ASM, Materials Park, OH, (1985).Search in Google Scholar

[14] G.N.Maniar, D.R.Muzyka, C.R.Whitney, in: E. G.Richards (Ed.), Superalloys, TMS, New York (1968) 391.Search in Google Scholar

[15] S.Mandal, A.K.Bhaduri, V.S.Sarma: Mat. Sci. Eng. A515 (2009) 134. 10.1016/j.msea.2009.02.042Search in Google Scholar

[16] Z.Yaoiao, Z.shunnan, X.Leying, B.Jing, H.Zhuangqi, S.Changxu, in: S.Reichman (Ed.), SuperalloysTMS, New York (1988) 703.Search in Google Scholar

[17] A.F.Padilha, R.L.Plaut, P.R.Rios: ISIJ Int.43 (2003) 135. 10.2355/isijinternational.43.135Search in Google Scholar

[18] G.E.Dieter: Mechanical metallurgy, McGraw-Hill, New York, (1988).Search in Google Scholar

[19] X.Li, J.Zhang, L.Rong, Y.Li: J. Alloy Compd.467 (2009) 383. 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.12.004Search in Google Scholar

[20] K.Kobayashi, K.Yamaguchi, M.Hayakawa, M.Kimura: Int. J. Fatigue30 (2008) 1978. 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.01.004Search in Google Scholar

[21] B.S.Rho, K.J.Kim, S.W.Nam: Metall. Mater. Trans. A32 (2001) 2539. 10.1007/s11661-001-0043-8Search in Google Scholar

[22] L.Xiuyan, Z.Jian, R.Lijian, L.Yiyi: Mat. Sci. Eng. A488 (2008) 547. 10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.039Search in Google Scholar

[23] Y.U.Heo, M.Takeguchi, K.Furuya, H.C.Lee: Acta Mater.57 (2009) 1176. 10.1016/j.actamat.2008.10.056Search in Google Scholar

[24] H.D.Cicco, M.I.Luppo, H.Raffaeli, J.D.Gaetano, L.M.Gribaudo, J.Ovejero-Garcıa: Mater. Charact.55 (2005) 97. 10.1016/j.matchar.2005.01.001Search in Google Scholar

[25] J.C.Zhao, V.Ravikumar, AM.Beltran: Metall. Mater. Trans. A32 (2001) 1271. 10.1007/s11661-001-0217-4Search in Google Scholar

[26] C.Y.Cui, Y.F.Gu, H.Harada, D.H.Ping, A.Sato: Metall. Mater. Trans. A37 (2006) 3183. 10.1007/BF02586152Search in Google Scholar

[27] B.G.Choi, I.S.Kim, D.H.Kim, S.M.Seo, C.Y.Jo, in: K.A.Green (Ed.), superalloysTMS, New York (2004).Search in Google Scholar

[28] B.G.Choi, I.S.Kim, D.H.Kim, C.Y.Jo: Mat. Sci. Eng. A478 (2008) 329. 10.1016/j.msea.2007.06.010Search in Google Scholar

[29] K.Kusabiraki, T.Amano, S.Moto, S.Saji: ISIJ Int.44 (2004) 197. 10.2355/isijinternational.44.197Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2012-3-24
Accepted: 2012-8-20
Published Online: 2013-08-17
Published in Print: 2013-04-11

© 2013, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Original Contributions
  4. Modeling the effect of austenite deformation on the bainite structure parameters in low carbon microalloyed steels
  5. The precipitation of η phase in an Fe-Ni-based superalloy with different Ti/Al ratios
  6. Growth kinetics of aluminum-bearing intermetallic layer on tool steel
  7. Thermodynamic modeling of the Ba–Mg binary system
  8. Partial isothermal section of the Dy-Co-Ga ternary system at 500°C
  9. Solubility study of the copper-lead system
  10. Solidification of primary Si in electromagnetically levitated Al-50%Si undercooling melts
  11. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and solution-treated Mg-Zn-Gd-based alloys reinforced with quasicrystals
  12. Fabrication of micro/nano structured aluminum–nickel energetic composites by means of ultrasonic powder consolidation
  13. Study of an Al-Si-Cu HPDC alloy with high Zn content for the production of components requiring high ductility and tensile properties
  14. Characterization of silicon-silicon carbide ceramic derived from carbon-carbon silicon carbide composites
  15. Mechanochemical and combustion synthesis of CeB6
  16. Nanomechanical studies and materials characterization of metal/polymer bilayer MEMS cantilevers
  17. DGM News
  18. DGM News
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110873
Keywords for this article
Fe–Ni-based superalloy; η phase transformation; Ti/Al ratio; Time–temperature–precipitation diagram

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Original Contributions
  4. Modeling the effect of austenite deformation on the bainite structure parameters in low carbon microalloyed steels
  5. The precipitation of η phase in an Fe-Ni-based superalloy with different Ti/Al ratios
  6. Growth kinetics of aluminum-bearing intermetallic layer on tool steel
  7. Thermodynamic modeling of the Ba–Mg binary system
  8. Partial isothermal section of the Dy-Co-Ga ternary system at 500°C
  9. Solubility study of the copper-lead system
  10. Solidification of primary Si in electromagnetically levitated Al-50%Si undercooling melts
  11. Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and solution-treated Mg-Zn-Gd-based alloys reinforced with quasicrystals
  12. Fabrication of micro/nano structured aluminum–nickel energetic composites by means of ultrasonic powder consolidation
  13. Study of an Al-Si-Cu HPDC alloy with high Zn content for the production of components requiring high ductility and tensile properties
  14. Characterization of silicon-silicon carbide ceramic derived from carbon-carbon silicon carbide composites
  15. Mechanochemical and combustion synthesis of CeB6
  16. Nanomechanical studies and materials characterization of metal/polymer bilayer MEMS cantilevers
  17. DGM News
  18. DGM News
Downloaded on 16.4.2026 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/146.110873/html
Scroll to top button