Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Carboxylate-Terminated Double-Hydrophilic Block Copolymer as an Effective Inhibitor for Carbonate and Sulphate Scales

  • , , , and
Published/Copyright: May 9, 2016
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 53 Issue 3

Abstract

For the control of carbonate and sulphate scales, a new type of green scale inhibitors AQn was synthesized. The thermal stability and the molecular weight of the copolymers were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis and gel permeation chromatography, respectively. The anti-scale property of the AQn copolymers towards CaCO3 and CaSO4 in the artificial cooling water was studied through static scale inhibition tests. The results show that both CaCO3 and CaSO4 inhibition increase with increasing the degree of polymerization of AQn from 5 to 15. The dosage of AQn plays also an important role on CaCO3 and CaSO4 inhibition. Surface morphology characterization of CaCO3 and CaSO4 was investigated with combination of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. An inhibition mechanism is proposed that the interactions between calcium and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the fundamental impetus to restrain the formation of the scale in cooling water systems.

Kurzfassung

Zur Kontrolle von Carbonat- und Sulfat-Niederschlägen wurde ein neuer Typ grüner Kesselsteininhibitoren AQn synthetisiert. Die thermische Stabilität und das Molekulargewicht der Copolymere wurden mittels der Thermogravimetrie und der Gelpermeationschromatographie untersucht. Die inhibierende Eigenschaft der AQn-Copolymere gegenüber CaCO3 und CaSO4 in künstlichem Kühlwasser wurde mit Hilfe statischer Inhibierungstests bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sowohl die CaCO3- als auch die CaSO4-Inhibierung zunimmt, wenn der Polymerisationsgrad der AQn von 5 auf 15 steigt. Die Dosierung der AQn hat ebenfalls einen bedeutenden Einfluss auf die CaCO3- und die CaSO4-Inhibierung. Die Oberflächenmorphologie von CaCO3 and CaSO4 wurde charakterisiert mit einer Kombination aus Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM), Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM) und Pulverröntgenbeugungsanalyse. Es wurde ein Inhibierungsmechanismus vorgeschlagen, bei dem die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Calcium und Polyethylenglykol (PEG) der wesentliche Antrieb zur Unterdrückung der Kesselsteinbildung in Kühlwassersystemen sind.

Key words: Scale inhibitor; calcium carbonate; calcium sulphate; polyethylene glycol; cooling water systems
Stichwörter: Kesselsteininhibitor; Calciumcarbonat; Calciumsulfat; Polyethylenglykol; Kühlwassersysteme
*Correspondence address Dr. Guangqing Liu, School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, P. R. China, or:, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China. Tel.: 86-25-86178272, E-Mail:
**Prof. Mengwei Xue, School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China. E-mail:

Guangqing Liu was born in 1979. He is a teacher at Nanjing Xiaozhuang University. He also is a postdoctoral at Southeast University. His main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Prof. Mengwei Xue was born in 1964. He graduated from Suzhou University in 1986. He obtained his PhD in School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University. His research interests lie in fine chemicals and environmental protection. At the moment is associate dean of the School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University.

Prof. Qinpu Liu was born in 1957. He graduated from Henan University. He obtained his PhD in Geography Department of Kansas State University. His research interests lie in fine chemicals and environmental protection. At the moment he is associate dean of the School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University.

Prof. Yuming Zhou was born in 1964. He graduated from Nanjing University in 1986. He obtained his PhD in Department of Biomedical Southeast University. His research interests lie in organic material, fine chemicals and environmental protection. At the moment is associate dean of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University.

Jingyi Huang was born in 1976. She is a teacher at Southeast University. Her main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

References

1. Saleah, A. O. and BastaA. H.: Environmentalist.28 (2008) 421. 10.1007/s10669-008-9163-7Search in Google Scholar

2. Ben Amor, M., Zgolli, D., Tlili, M. M. and Manzola, A. S.: Desalination.166 (2004) 79–84. 10.1016/j.desal.2004.06.061Search in Google Scholar

3. Kjellin, P.: Colloids surf A.212 (2003) 19–26. 10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00296-0Search in Google Scholar

4. Ling, L., Liu, G. Q., Huang, J. Y., Wang, H. C., Zhou, Y. M.,Yao, Q. Z., Cao, K., Liu, Y. H., Tu, Y., Zhou, X. K., Sun, W. and Wu, W. D.: Tenside Surfact Det.50 (2013) 14. 10.3139/113.110225Search in Google Scholar

5. Liu, G. Q., Huang, J. Y., Zhou, Y. M., Yao, Q. Z., Ling, L., Zhang, P. X., Fu, C. E., Wu, W. D. and Sun, W.: Tenside Surfact Det.49 (2012) 216. 10.3139/113.110185Search in Google Scholar

6. Wang, H. C., Zhou, Y. M., Liu, G. Q., Huang, J. Y., Yao, Q. Z., Ma, S. S., Cao, K., Liu, Y. H., Tian, Y. J. and Wu, W. D.: Tenside Surfact Det.51(2014) 248. 10.3139/113.110305Search in Google Scholar

7. Gao, Y., Fan, L., Ward, L. and LiuZ.: Desalination.365 (2015) 220. 10.1016/j.desal.2015.03.006Search in Google Scholar

8. Liu, F., Zhang, L., Yan, X., Lu, X., Gao, Y. and Zhao, C.: Corros. Sci.93 (2015) 293. 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.01.028Search in Google Scholar

9. Al-Hamzah, A. A. and Fellows, C. M.: Desalination359 (2015) 22. 10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.027Search in Google Scholar

10. Wang, H., Zhou, Y., Yao, Q., Ma, S. and Wu, W.: Sun, Wei. Desalination340 (2014) 1. 10.1016/j.desal.2014.02.015Search in Google Scholar

11. Amjad, Z. and Koutsoukos, P. G.: Desalination.335 (2014) 55. 10.1016/j.desal.2013.12.012Search in Google Scholar

12. Zhang, B., He, C., Wang, C., Sun, P., Li, F. and Lin, Y.: Corros. Sci.94 (2015) 6. 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.11.035Search in Google Scholar

13. Chen, J., Xu, L., Han, J., Su, M. and Wu, Q.: Desalination.358 (2015) 42. 10.1016/j.desal.2014.11.010Search in Google Scholar

14. Du, K., Zhou, Y. M. and Wang, Y. Y.: J. Appl. Polym. Sci.113 (2009) 1966. 10.1002/app.30213Search in Google Scholar

15. Fu, C. E., Zhou, Y. M., Liu, G. Q., Huang, J. Y. and Wu, S. S.: W.D. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.50 (2011) 10393. 10.1021/ie200051rSearch in Google Scholar

16. Rees, S. G., Hughes, Wassell, D. T., Shellis, R. P. and Embery, G.: Biomaterials.25 (2004) 971. 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00618-5Search in Google Scholar

17. Ling, L., Zhou, Y., Huang, J., Yao, Q., Liu, G., Zhang, P., Sun, W. and Wu, W.: Desalination.304 (2012) 33. 10.1016/j.desal.2012.07.014Search in Google Scholar

18. Prisciandaro, M., Olivieri, E., Lancia, A. and Musmarra, D.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.48 (2009) 10877. 10.1021/ie900253fSearch in Google Scholar

19. Harada, A. and Kataoka, K.: Macromolecules36 (2003) 4995. 10.1021/ma025737iSearch in Google Scholar

20. Pecheva, E., Lilyana, P. and George, A.: Langmuir.23 (2007) 9386. 10.1021/la700435cSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Fu, C., Zhou, Y, Xie, H, Sun, W. and Wu, W.: Tenside Surfact Det.48 (2011) 60. 110105. 10.3139/113.Search in Google Scholar

22. Yu, S. H. and Colfen, H.: J. Phys. Chem. B.107 (2003) 7396. 10.1021/jp034009+Search in Google Scholar PubMed

23. Ueyama, N., Hosoi, T., Yamada, Y., Doi, M., Okamura, T. and Nakamura, A.: Macromolecules31 (1998) 7119. 10.1021/ma9716847Search in Google Scholar

24. Kuriyavar, S. I., Vetrivel, R. and Hegde, S. G., Ramaswamy, A. V.,Chakrabarty, D., Mahapatra, S.: J. Mater. Chem.10 (2000)1835. 10.1039/b001837fSearch in Google Scholar

25. Kim. D. S. and Lee. C. K.: Appl Surf Sci.202 (2002) 15. 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00534-2Search in Google Scholar

26. Ajikumar, P. K., Michellelow, B. J. and Valiyaveettil, S.: Surf Coat Technol.198 (2005) 227. 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.10.028Search in Google Scholar

27. El Dahan, H. A. and Hegazy. H. S.: Desalination.127 (2000) 111–118. 10.1016/S0011-9164(99)00196-4Search in Google Scholar

28. Shakkthivel. P., Sathiyamoorthi. R. and Vasudevan. T.: Desalination164 (2004) 111. 10.1016/S0011-9164(04)00170-5Search in Google Scholar

29. Shakkthivel. P. and Vasudevan. T.: Desalination.197 (2006) 179. 10.1016/j.desal.2005.12.023Search in Google Scholar

30. Al-Roomi, Y. M. and Hussain, K. F.: Desalination.355 (2015) 33. 10.1016/j.desal.2014.10.010Search in Google Scholar

31. Heng, L., Hsieh, M. K., Chien, S. H., Monnell, J. D., Dzombak, D. A. and Vidic, R. D.: Water Res.45 (2011) 748. 10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.052Search in Google Scholar PubMed

32. Senthilmurugan, B., Ghosh, B. and Sanker, S.: J. Ind. Eng. Chem.17 (2011) 415. 10.1016/j.jiec2010.10.032Search in Google Scholar

33. Weiss, P., Obadia, L., Magne, D., Bourges, X., Rau, C., Weitkamp, T., Khairoun, I., Bouler, J. M., Chappard, D., Gauthier, O. and Daculsi, G.: Biomaterials. 4 (2003) 4591. 10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00335-1Search in Google Scholar

34. Bouyer, F., Gerardin, C. and Fajula, F.: Colloids Surf, A.217 (2003) 179. 10.1016/S0927-7757(02)00574-5Search in Google Scholar

35. Harada, A. and Kataoka, K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc.121 (2003) 15306. 10.1021/ja038572hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

36. Rudloff, J. and Colfen, H.: Langmuir. 20 (2004) 991. 10.1021/la0358217Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Received: 2015-04-07
Accepted: 2015-06-23
Published Online: 2016-05-09
Published in Print: 2016-05-17

© 2016, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Application
  4. Feasibility of a Natural Surfactant as a Stabilizer for Cosmetics with Liposome-Encapsulated Plant Stem Cells: Pre-Formulation and Formulation Through Stability Studies
  5. Cleaning Technology
  6. Large Washing Machines Are Not Used Efficiently in Europe
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Carboxylate-Terminated Double-Hydrophilic Block Copolymer as an Effective Inhibitor for Carbonate and Sulphate Scales
  9. Novel Surfactants
  10. Comparison of Methods to Quantify Rhamnolipid and Optimization of Oil Spreading Method
  11. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Cationic Esterquat Surfactants and the Evaluation of its Physico-Chemical Properties
  12. Characteristics of Block Copolymers of Methyl Oxirane and Oxirane Derivatives of 2-Ethylhexanol as Obtained with KOH and Dimetalcyanide Type Catalyst
  13. Physical Chemistry
  14. Amphiphile/Water/Decanol Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline System: Study of Thermal States of Anisometric Micelles in Nematic-Calamitic and Nematic-Discotic Mesophases
  15. Transition from Micelle to Vesicle of a Novel Sugar-Based Surfactant Containing Trisiloxane
  16. Synthesis
  17. One-Pot Preparation of Nano-SiO2 Using a Silane Derivative as a Coupling Agent
  18. Green Synthesis and Surface Properties of Acyl Glycine Surfactants Derived from Vegetable Oils
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110428
Keywords for this article
Scale inhibitor; calcium carbonate; calcium sulphate; polyethylene glycol; cooling water systems

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Application
  4. Feasibility of a Natural Surfactant as a Stabilizer for Cosmetics with Liposome-Encapsulated Plant Stem Cells: Pre-Formulation and Formulation Through Stability Studies
  5. Cleaning Technology
  6. Large Washing Machines Are Not Used Efficiently in Europe
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Carboxylate-Terminated Double-Hydrophilic Block Copolymer as an Effective Inhibitor for Carbonate and Sulphate Scales
  9. Novel Surfactants
  10. Comparison of Methods to Quantify Rhamnolipid and Optimization of Oil Spreading Method
  11. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Cationic Esterquat Surfactants and the Evaluation of its Physico-Chemical Properties
  12. Characteristics of Block Copolymers of Methyl Oxirane and Oxirane Derivatives of 2-Ethylhexanol as Obtained with KOH and Dimetalcyanide Type Catalyst
  13. Physical Chemistry
  14. Amphiphile/Water/Decanol Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline System: Study of Thermal States of Anisometric Micelles in Nematic-Calamitic and Nematic-Discotic Mesophases
  15. Transition from Micelle to Vesicle of a Novel Sugar-Based Surfactant Containing Trisiloxane
  16. Synthesis
  17. One-Pot Preparation of Nano-SiO2 Using a Silane Derivative as a Coupling Agent
  18. Green Synthesis and Surface Properties of Acyl Glycine Surfactants Derived from Vegetable Oils
Downloaded on 2.4.2026 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/113.110428/html
Scroll to top button