Startseite Molecular, Surface, Thermodynamic Properties and Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants Based on Castor Oil
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Molecular, Surface, Thermodynamic Properties and Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants Based on Castor Oil

  • E. A. M. Gad , E. M. S. Azzam , I. Aiad und W. I. M. El-azab
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 2. April 2013
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill
Informationen für Autor*innen
Tenside Surfactants Detergents
Aus der Zeitschrift Tenside Surfactants Detergents Band 46 Heft 5

Abstract

A series of nonionic surfactants containing different chains of polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether [–O(CH2CH2O)xCH3, x = 7, 12, 16, 44 and 112] based on castor oil were synthesized. Their structures were confirmed using FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. Structural effects of the synthesized surfactants on surface tension (γ), critical micelle concentration (cmc) and hydrophile lipophile balance (HLB) were investigated. The effect of structural features on their surface behavior is analyzed through changes in surface properties, including effectiveness (πcmc) and efficiency (PC20) of adsorption, the surface excess concentration (Γmax) and the area per surfactant molecule at the air/water interface at surface saturation (Amin). Thermodynamic properties, adsorption and micellezation of the prepared surfactant in addition to their biodegradability were investigated.

Kurzfassung

Eine Reihe auf Castoröl basierender nichtionischer Tenside wurde synthetisiert, die verschiedene Ketten aus Polyethylenoxidmonomethylether [–O(CH2CH2O)xCH3, x = 7, 12, 16, 44 and 112] enthalten. Ihr Aufbau wurde durch FTIR-, 1H-NMR- und 13C-NMR-Spektren bestätigt. Die konstruktiven Einflüsse der synthetisierten Tenside auf die Oberflächenspannung (γ), kritische Mizellbildungskonzentration (cmc) und Hydrophil-Lipophil-Balance (HLB) wurden untersucht. Der Einfluss der konstruktiven Eigenschaften auf das Oberflächenverhalten ist durch die Änderungen der Oberflächeneigenschaften analysiert, einschließlich Effektivität (πcmc) und Adsorptionswirkung (PC20), Oberflächenüberschusskonzentration (Γmax) und Fläche pro Tensidmolekül an der Luft-/Wasser-Grenzfläche bei Oberflächensättigung (Amin). Die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften, Adsorption und Mizellierung der dargestellten Tenside sowie deren biologische Abbaubarkeit wurden untersucht.

Key words:: Nonionic surfactants; castor oil; surface properties; thermodynamic parameters; biodegradation
Stichwörter:: Nichtionische Tenside; Castoröl; Oberflächeneigenschaften; thermodynamische Parameter; biologische Abbaubarkeit
∗ Elshafie A. M. Gad, Applied Surfactants Lab., Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt, E-Mail:

Elshafie A. M. Gad, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. of Petroleum & Petrochemicals. Petrochemicals Dept. Applied surface active agent lab., Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Fields of interests are Surfactances & Computational Chemistry.

Eid Mahmoud Sayed Azzam, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. of Surfactants. Petrochemicals Dept. Applied surface active agent lab., Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Fields of interests are Surfactances & Nanoparticles.

I. Aiad, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. of Surfactants. Petrochemicals Dept. Applied surface active agent lab., Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Fields of Surfactances & Admixtures for cements.

W. I. M. El-Azab, M.Sc. Researcher in Analytical & Evaluation Dept. of the Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. Fields of interests are Surfactances & Analytical Techniques.

References

1. U.S. Pat. 2,542,550 (Feb. 20, 1951).Suche in Google Scholar

2. Fr. Pat. 1,554,539 (Jan. 17, 1969).10.1016/0001-6160(69)90035-2Suche in Google Scholar

3.Muller, K.: Tenside3 (2) (1966) 37.10.1515/tsd-1966-030201Suche in Google Scholar

4. U.S. Pat. 3,661,782 (May 9, 1972).10.1136/bmj.3.5830.782Suche in Google Scholar

5. U.S. Pat. 3,475,898 (Nov. 4, 1969).10.1136/bmj.3.5668.475-aSuche in Google Scholar

6. U.S. Pat. 2,542,550 (Feb. 20, 1951).Suche in Google Scholar

7.Kropp, P. J., Daus, K. A., Tubergen, M. W., Kepler, K. D., Wilson, V. P., Craig, S. L., Baillargeon, M. M. and Breton, G. W.: Surface–Mediated Reactions. 3. Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol.115 (1993) pp. 3071–3079.10.1021/ja00061a005Suche in Google Scholar

8.Kropp, P. J., Kimberlee, A. D., Scott, D. C., Mark, W. T., Keith, D. K., Stephen, L. C. and VincentP.W.: Surface-Mediated Reactions. 1. Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol.112 (1990) pp. 7433–7434.10.1021/ja00176a075Suche in Google Scholar

9.Chandran, K., NithyaR., Sankaran, K., Gopalan, A. and Ganesan, V.: Synthesis and characterization of sodium alkoxides. Bull. Matter. Sci. Vol. 29 (2) (2006) pp. 173–179.Suche in Google Scholar

10. ASTM D1331-89: Standard Test Method for Surface and Interfacial Tension of Solutions of Surface Active Agents (2001).Suche in Google Scholar

11. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, method 5210). 20th Ed, American Public Health Association (1999).Suche in Google Scholar

12.Huh, C. and Mason, S. G.: A rigorous theory of ring tensiometry. Colloid & Polymer Sci.253 (1975) pp. 566–580.Suche in Google Scholar

13.Rosen, M. J.: Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena, 3nd Ed., Wiley, New York (2004).10.1002/0471670561Suche in Google Scholar

14.Zhigang, Xu, Pengfei,Li, Weihong,Qiao, Zongshi,Li and Lubo,Cheng: Effect of aromatic ring in the alkyl chain on surface properties of arylalkyl surfactant solutions. J. of Surf. Det. Vol. 9 QTR. 3 (2006) pp. 245–248.10.1007/s11743-006-5004-1Suche in Google Scholar

15.Karakashev, S. I., Nguyen, A. V. and Miller, J. D.: Equilibrium adsorption of surfactants at the gas-liquid interface. Advances of Polymer Science Vol. 218 (1) (2008) pp. 25–55.Suche in Google Scholar

16.Karakashev, S. I. and Manev, E. D.: Effect of interactions between the adsorbed species on the properties of single and mixed surfactant monolayers at Air/Water interface. J. of Colloid & Interface Sci. Vol. 248 (2002) p. 477–486.Suche in Google Scholar

17.Matsuoka, K. and Moroi, Y.: Micellization of Fluorinated Amphiphiles): Curr. Opin. Colloids Interface Sci.8 (2003) 227.10.1016/S1359-0294(03)00056-6Suche in Google Scholar

18.Zhao, G. X. and Zhu, B. Y.: Principles of Surface Action, China Light Industry Press, Beijing, (2003) p. 54.Suche in Google Scholar

19.Lu, J. R., Lee, E. M., Thomas, R. K., Penfold, J. and Flitsch, S. L.: Direct Determination by Neutron Reflection of the Structure of Triethylene Oxide Monododecyl Ether Layers at the Air/Water Interface. Langmuir9 (1993) 1352.Suche in Google Scholar

20.Marcomini, A., Pojana, G., Carrer, C., Cavalli, L., Cassani, G. and Lazzarinm, M.: Aerobic biodegradation of monobranched aliphatic alcohol polyethoxylates. Environ. Toxicol. Chem.19 (2000) pp. 555–560.Suche in Google Scholar

Received: 2008-12-08
Revised: 2009-05-12
Published Online: 2013-04-02
Published in Print: 2009-09-01

© 2009, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Micelles Activated Planar Chromatographic Separation of Hydrophilic Vitamins
  7. Molecular, Surface, Thermodynamic Properties and Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants Based on Castor Oil
  8. Basic Science
  9. Characterization of Commercial Polysorbates Using Different Chromatographic Techniques
  10. Environmental Chemistry
  11. Synthesis of Nanocrystal TiO2 and Study of Photocatalytic Degradation Property
  12. Novel Surfactants
  13. Reversible Performance of Dodecyl Tetramethyl Guanidine Solution Induced by CO2 Trigger
  14. Physical Chemistry
  15. Synergism in Mixed Anionic–Amphoteric Surfactant Solutions: Influence of Anionic Surfactant Chain Length
  16. Phase Behavior of Microemulsions Prepared from Surfactant-like Ionic Liquids
  17. Technical Chemistry
  18. Aqueous Solution Properties, Biodegradability, and Antimicrobial Activity of some Alkylpolyglycosides Surfactants
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110031
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Nonionic surfactants; castor oil; surface properties; thermodynamic parameters; biodegradation

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Micelles Activated Planar Chromatographic Separation of Hydrophilic Vitamins
  7. Molecular, Surface, Thermodynamic Properties and Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants Based on Castor Oil
  8. Basic Science
  9. Characterization of Commercial Polysorbates Using Different Chromatographic Techniques
  10. Environmental Chemistry
  11. Synthesis of Nanocrystal TiO2 and Study of Photocatalytic Degradation Property
  12. Novel Surfactants
  13. Reversible Performance of Dodecyl Tetramethyl Guanidine Solution Induced by CO2 Trigger
  14. Physical Chemistry
  15. Synergism in Mixed Anionic–Amphoteric Surfactant Solutions: Influence of Anionic Surfactant Chain Length
  16. Phase Behavior of Microemulsions Prepared from Surfactant-like Ionic Liquids
  17. Technical Chemistry
  18. Aqueous Solution Properties, Biodegradability, and Antimicrobial Activity of some Alkylpolyglycosides Surfactants
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 9.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/113.110031/html?lang=de
Button zum nach oben scrollen