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Phase Behavior of Engkabang Fat with Nonionic Surfactants

  • S. S. A. Gani , M. Basri , M. B. A. Rahman , A. Kassim , A. B. Salleh , R. N. Z. R. Abdul Rahman and Z. Ismail
Published/Copyright: April 2, 2013
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 46 Issue 4

Abstract

Phase behavior of engkabang fat was determined through the construction of ternary phase diagrams using nonionic surfactants. Several phase regions appeared in the ternary phase diagrams such as isotropic, homogenous, liquid crystal, two phase and three phase regions. The increase of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values of the nonionic surfactants used gave larger isotropic and homogenous region in the ternary phase diagrams. The combination of engkabang fat:Solubilisant Gamma (2:1) in the ternary phases diagram gave an even larger isotropic and homogenous regions as well as the formation of liquid crystal region.

Kurzfassung

Das Phasenverhalten von Engkabang-Nußfett wurde durch die Darstellung ternärer Phasendiagramme mit nichtionischen Tensiden bestimmt. Einige Phasenbereiche erschienen im ternären Phasendiagramm wie isotropische, homogene Flüssigkristalle, Zweiphasen- und Dreiphasenbereiche. Eine Erhöhung der Hydrophil-Lipophil-Balance (HLB) der eingesetzten nichtionischen Tenside ergab größere isotropische und homogene Bereiche im ternären Phasendiagramm. Die Kombination von Engkabang-Nußfett:Solubilisant Gamma (2:1) ergab im ternären Phasendiagramm noch größere isotropische und homogene Bereiche sowie die Bildung eines Flüssigkristallbereiches.

Key words:: Emulsion; engkabang; ternary phase diagram; phase behavior; nonionic surfactant
Stichwörter:: Emulsion; Engkabang-Nußfett; ternäres Phasendiagramm; Phasenverhalten; nichtionisches Tensid
∗ Mahiran Basri, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Phone: +60-3-89467266, Fax: +60-3-89466997, E-Mail:

Siti Salwa Abd Gani was born in 1983. She graduated with Bachelor of Science & Education (Hons.) majoring in Chemistry in 2007 from Universiti Putra Malaysia. She is currently pursuing her PhD at the Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Prof. Dr. Mahiran Basri was born in 1957. She obtained her BS and MS degrees from Northern Illinois University, USA in 1980 and 1982, and PhD from Universiti Putra Malaysia in 1993. She is a Professor of Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia. She is also the Director of the Centre of Foundation Studies for Agriculture Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Prof. Dr. Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman was born in 1972. He graduated with B.Sc (Hons.) in Chemistry and Computer Science with Education from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. He received his PhD in Catalysis Chemistry in 1999 from the University of Southampton, England. He is currently the Director of Structural Biology Research Centre, Malaysia Genome Institute, Malaysia.

Prof. Dr. Anuar Kassim was born in 1951. He received his B.Sc. (Chemistry) from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in 1975. He obtained his PhD degree in Electrochemistry in 1980 from University of Salford, UK. He is a Professor of Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Prof. Dr. Abu Bakar Salleh was born in 1950. He graduated with B.Sc. (Biochemistry) from University Western Australia in 1975. He obtained his PhD in Biochemistry from University of St. Andrews, Scotland in 1978. He is currently the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research and Innovation) at Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Prof. Dr. Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd. Rahman was born in 1956. She obtained her B.Sc. (Hons) from Universiti Sains Malaysia in 1989 and her M.S. from Universiti Putra Malaysia in 1994. She obtained her Doctor of Engineering in Molecular Biology from Kyoto University, Japan in 1998. She is currently the Deputy Dean (Research & Graduate Studies), Faculty of Biotechnology and Bimolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Dr. Zahariah Ismail graduated with Diploma in Food Technology in 1980 from Universiti Technology Mara, B.Sc. (Hons.) in 1995 from Universiti Sains Malaysia and her PhD in Surfactant Chemistry in 2002 from Universiti Putra Malaysia. She obtained Master in Business Administration (Techno-entrepreneur) degree from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2007. She is currently the Chief Chemist 1 at Sime Darby Plantation Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia.

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Received: 2008-10-08
Revised: 2009-04-23
Published Online: 2013-04-02
Published in Print: 2009-07-01

© 2009, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Phase Behavior of Engkabang Fat with Nonionic Surfactants
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Liquid Chromatography with Fluores-cence Detection as a Tool for Separation of Endocrine Disrupting Alkylphenols and their Mono- and Diethoxylates in Analysis of River Water Samples
  9. Removal of Brilliant Blue R from Aqueous Solutions on Activated Carbon Produced from Carbonaceous Substrate
  10. Physical Chemistry
  11. Synthesis and Surface Properties of Trisiloxane-modified Oligo(ethylene oxide)
  12. Kinetic and Mechanistic Study of the Influence of Micelles on the Oxidation of Acetone by N-Bromophthalimide in Aqueous Acetic Acid Medium
  13. Synthesis
  14. Synthesis of Cationic Surfactant Intermediates 3-(dimethylamino)-propane-1,2-di-alkylcarbamate
  15. Technical Chemistry
  16. Olefins Derived from Vegetable Oils and their Utilization in Preparation of Surface Active Agent
https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110023
Keywords for this article
Emulsion; engkabang; ternary phase diagram; phase behavior; nonionic surfactant

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Abstracts
  4. Abstracts
  5. Application
  6. Phase Behavior of Engkabang Fat with Nonionic Surfactants
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Liquid Chromatography with Fluores-cence Detection as a Tool for Separation of Endocrine Disrupting Alkylphenols and their Mono- and Diethoxylates in Analysis of River Water Samples
  9. Removal of Brilliant Blue R from Aqueous Solutions on Activated Carbon Produced from Carbonaceous Substrate
  10. Physical Chemistry
  11. Synthesis and Surface Properties of Trisiloxane-modified Oligo(ethylene oxide)
  12. Kinetic and Mechanistic Study of the Influence of Micelles on the Oxidation of Acetone by N-Bromophthalimide in Aqueous Acetic Acid Medium
  13. Synthesis
  14. Synthesis of Cationic Surfactant Intermediates 3-(dimethylamino)-propane-1,2-di-alkylcarbamate
  15. Technical Chemistry
  16. Olefins Derived from Vegetable Oils and their Utilization in Preparation of Surface Active Agent
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